In middle age
میان سال
Once you reach middle age, you have to be sensible with your health.
زمانی که به سن میان سالی رسیدی ، باید نسبت به سلامتی خودت عاقلانه و فهمیده باشی.
middle-aged
adjective
not old and not young; between the ages of about 40 and 60:
a middle-aged man
middle-aged
ˌmiddle-ˈaged BrE AmE adjective
1. between the ages of about 40 and 60:
a middle-aged businessman
2. someone who seems middle-aged seems rather dull and does not do exciting or dangerous things:
Living with Henry had made her feel middle-aged.
3. middle-aged spread fat that many people develop around their waist as they grow older
middle-aged
ˌmiddle-ˈaged [middle-aged] adjective
1. (of a person) neither young nor old
2. the middle aged noun plural people who are middle-aged
3. (disapproving) (of a person's attitudes or behaviour) rather boring and old-fashioned
• He has a very middle-aged attitude to life.
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
ˌ middle- ˈ aged / ˌmɪd.l̩ˈeɪdʒd / adjective
B1 in middle age:
They're a middle-aged couple, with grown-up children.
disapproving too careful and not showing the enthusiasm, energy, or style of someone young:
What a conventional, middle-aged attitude he has to life!
© Cambridge University Press 2013
middle-aged
1.
If you describe someone as middle-aged, you mean that they are neither young nor old. People between the ages of 40 and 60 are usually considered to be middle-aged.
...middle-aged, married businessmen.
ADJ
2.
If you describe someone’s activities or interests as middle-aged, you are critical of them because you think they are typical of a middle-aged person, for example by being conventional or old-fashioned.
Her novels are middle-aged and boring.
ADJ [disapproval]
Of or relating to the US
آمريكايى
American culture
فرهنگ آمریکایی
American
I. A‧mer‧i‧can1 /əˈmerəkən, əˈmerɪkən/ BrE AmE adjective
1. relating to the US or its people:
Her mother is American.
a famous American writer
2. something is as American as apple pie used to say that something is very typically American
adjective
of or connected with N or S America, especially the US
• I'm American.
• American culture/tourists
Word Origin:
from modern Latin Americanus, from America, which dates from the early 16th cent. and is believed to derive from the Latin form (Americus) of the name of Amerigo Vespucci, who sailed along the west coast of South America in 1501.
Culture:
America
The United States of America is called by several different names, both by the people who live there and by people in other countries. These names include the USA, the United States, the US, the States and America. The official name, the United States of America, first appears in the Declaration of Independence of 1776, when the country was called ‚the thirteen united States of America’. America is widely used as a name for the US, though this seems unfair on all the other nations in the Americas (= the continents of North and South America). Songs like America and America the Beautiful are about the US. Americans also use informal names like the US of A and Stateside, especially when they are out of the country. Other names, e.g. ‚the land of the free’, ‚the land of liberty’, ‚God’s country’, ‚the melting pot ’ and ‚the greatest nation on earth’, show their pride in their country. People in Britain and America sometimes refer humorously to each other’s countries as ‚the other side of the pond’, i.e. the other side of the Atlantic Ocean.
North America refers to a continent and region, and includes Canada and Mexico as well as the US. Between the US and South America is the region of Central America. Sometimes the countries of Central and South America are together referred to as Latin America.
America and the Americas are said to have been named after Amerigo Vespucci, an Italian explorerwho sailed to South America in 1499, visiting the area that later became known as Brazil, and also the Bahamas. Vespucci believed that the land he had discovered was a new continent, not part of Asia as Columbus had thought. By 1538, the famous map-maker Gerhardus Mercator was using the name ‚America’, the Latin form of Vespucci’s name, for the New World (= North and South America, as opposed to Europe).
People from the US are called Americans, though British people may, rather rudely, call them ‚Yanks’. People from other countries in the Americas are called by national names derived from the name of their country, e.g. Canadians. The adjective used to describe things from the US is American. The US is always referred to in organizations such as the American Legion and in expressions like ‚the American dream ’. US is also used as an adjective, as in the US Olympic team. Official names of government organizations may use United States, e.g. the United States Military Academy.
More About:
America
The continent of America is divided into North America and South America. The narrow region joining North and South America is Central America.
North America, which is a geographical term, consists of the United States of America, Canada and Mexico. Latin America, a cultural term, refers to the non-English speaking countries of Central and South America, where mainly Portuguese and Spanish are spoken. Mexico is part of Latin America.
The United States of America is usually shortened to the USA, the US, the States or simply America: ▪ the US President ◊ ▪ Have you ever been to the States? ◊ ▪ She emigrated to America in 1995. Many people from other parts of the continent dislike this use of America to mean just the US, but it is very common.
American is usually used to talk about somebody or something from the United States of America: ▪ Do you have an American passport? ◊ ▪ American football ◊ ▪ I’m not American, I’m Canadian. Latin American and South American are used to refer to other parts of the continent: ▪ Latin American dance music ◊ ▪ Quite a lot of South Americans study here.
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
American / əˈmer.ɪ.kən / adjective
of or relating to the US:
They drive a big American car.
of or relating to North or South America
© Cambridge University Press 2013
American
/əmerɪkən/
(Americans)
An American person or thing belongs to or comes from the United States of America.
...the American Ambassador at the United Nations.
...the influence of American television and movies.
ADJ
see also Latin American
•
An American is someone who is American.
The 1990 Nobel Prize for medicine was won by two Americans.
N-COUNT
American
2American adj
1 : of or relating to the U.S. or its citizens
• American culture/government/history
• the American people
• their American friends
2 : of or relating to North America, South America, or the people who live there
• the American continents
• a tropical American tree
(as) American as apple pie
- see apple pie
From, belonging to, or relating to Italy
ایتالیایی
Italian food
غذای ایتالیایی
Italian
I. I‧tal‧i‧an1 /ɪˈtæliən/ BrE AmE adjective
relating to Italy, its people, or its language
Italian
Italian [Italian] [ɪˈtæliən] [ɪˈtæliən] noun, adjective
(a person) from Italy
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
Italian / ɪˈtæl.jən / / -i.ən / adjective
from, belonging to, or relating to Italy:
Italian food/art/wine
© Cambridge University Press 2013
- Italian adj
• Italian food/politics
If a law or rule becomes effective, it starts to be used
The new laws will become effective next month.
effective
ef‧fec‧tive S2 W1 /ɪˈfektɪv/ adjective
[Word Family: noun: effect, effectiveness ≠ ineffectiveness; adjective: effective ≠ ineffective, effectual ≠ ineffectual; verb: effect; adverb: effectively ≠ ineffectively]
1. successful, and working in the way that was intended OPP ineffective:
The cheaper drugs are just as effective in treating arthritis.
the painting’s highly effective use of colour
Training is often much less effective than expected.
the most effective ways of reducing inner city congestion
REGISTER
In everyday English, people usually say that something works (well), rather than say that it is effective:
▪ The cheaper drugs work just as well.
2. [no comparative, not before noun] if a law, agreement, or system becomes effective, it officially starts
effective from
The cut in interest rates is effective from Monday.
3. [no comparative, only before noun] real rather than what is officially intended or generally believed:
The rebels are in effective control of the city.
—effectiveness noun [uncountable]
• • •
| COLLOCATIONS |
| adverbs |
▪ extremely/highly effective The company launched a highly effective advertising campaign.
| nouns |
▪ an effective way What’s the most effective way to control crime?
▪ an effective method Exams are not the most effective method of assessing students’ abilities.
▪ an effective means Is reducing the speed limit an effective means of reducing accidents?
▪ effective action The police must take effective action to protect the public.
▪ an effective solution The most effective solution to traffic congestion is to build more roads.
▪ an effective treatment Antibiotics are still the most effective treatment for this disease.
▪ an effective system The country has a simple but effective welfare system.
• • •
| THESAURUS |
▪ successful achieving what you wanted, or having the effect or result you intended: He applied for a visa three times and in the end he was successful. | The treatment was successful. | It was a highly successful campaign.
▪ effective having the effect or result that was wanted - used especially about treatments, drugs, or methods: The drug is effective against a range of diseases. | We still haven't found an effective way to solve the problem.
▪ victorious successful as a result of winning in a game, election, war etc: the captain of the victorious team | She emerged victorious in the second round of voting.
▪ promising likely to be very successful in the future, used especially about someone who is good at a job, sport, art etc: a promising young athlete | He gave up a promising career in banking.
▪ thriving very successful – used about a company, industry, or organization that is doing well at a particular time: The area has a thriving tourist industry. | The school is thriving academically.
▪ booming extremely successful – used about an economy, or when business or trade is increasing: the booming economy in China | Business is booming.
effective
ef·fect·ive [ɪˈfektɪv] [ɪˈfektɪv] adjective
1. producing the result that is wanted or intended; producing a successful result
• Long prison sentences can be a very effective deterrent for offenders.
• Aspirin is a simple but highly effective treatment.
• drugs that are effective against cancer
• Some people believe that violence is an effective way of protesting.
• I admire the effective use of colour in her paintings.
Opp: ineffective
see also cost-effective
2. only before noun in reality, although not officially intended
• the effective, if not the actual, leader of the party
• In spite of what they are told, parents have no effective choice of schools.
• He has now taken effective control of the country.
3. (formal) (of laws and rules) coming into use
• The new speed limit on this road becomes effective from 1 June.
Derived Word: effectiveness
See also: effectivity
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Latin effectivus, from efficere ‘accomplish’, from ex- ‘out, thoroughly’ + facere ‘do, make’.
Thesaurus:
effective [effective effectiveness] adj.
• a simple but highly effective treatment
successful • • powerful •
Opp: ineffective
effective/successful/powerful in sth
effective/successful/powerful in doing sth
an effective/successful/powerful campaign/challenge
Example Bank:
• The drug is generally effective in reducing pain.
• This method is effective enough with greenfly.
• We find advertising on the radio very effective.
• What makes a TV programme politically effective?
• a highly effective technique
• directly effective treaty provisions
• effective at keeping out the wind
• effective in helping people to stop smoking
• He argued that long prison sentences could be a very effective deterrent for offenders.
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
effective / ɪfek.tɪv / adjective (IN USE)
If a law or rule becomes effective, it starts to be used:
The new laws will become effective next month.
effectiveness / -nəs / noun [ U ]
C1
There are doubts about the effectiveness of the new drug (= how successful it is) in treating the disease.
© Cambridge University Press 2013
effective
[ɪfe̱ktɪv]
♦♦
1) ADJ-GRADED: oft ADJ in -ing, ADJ against n Something that is effective works well and produces the results that were intended.
The project looks at how we could be more effective in encouraging students to enter teacher training...
Simple antibiotics are effective against this organism...
Such conditions would make an effective public transport system possible.
Derived words:
effectively ADV-GRADED usu ADV after v, also ADV -ed ...the team roles which you believe to be necessary for the team to function effectively... Services need to be more effectively organised than they are at present.
effectiveness N-UNCOUNT oft N of n ...the effectiveness of computers as an educational tool.
2) ADJ: ADJ n Effective means having a particular role or result in practice, though not officially or in theory.
They have had effective control of the area since the security forces left.
...a restructuring that would have resulted in an effective increase on one of their most popular excursion fares.
Syn:
actual
3) ADJ: v-link ADJ When something such as a law or an agreement becomes effective, it begins officially to apply or be valid.
The new rules will become effective in the next few days.
effective
ef·fec·tive /ɪˈfɛktɪv/ adj
1 [more ~; most ~] : producing a result that is wanted : having an intended effect
• drugs effective in the treatment of a disease = drugs effective in treating a disease = drugs effective against a disease
• It's a simple but effective technique.
• He gave an effective speech.
- opposite ineffective
2 of a law, rule, etc. : in use : active
• The law becomes effective [=the law takes effect; the law will start to be used] next year.
• the effective date of the law [=the day when the law starts to be used]
3 : starting at a particular time - used to introduce a clause
• Effective [=starting, as of] tomorrow, the store will be open until 8:00 p.m. every day.
• Effective next month, the landfill will no longer accept old televisions.
4 always used before a noun
- used to describe something that exists or has an effect but that is not officially stated or recognized
• the effective tax rate
• The army has taken effective control of the city.
- ef·fec·tive·ness noun [noncount]
• The effectiveness of the drug was questioned.
Of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
بريتانيايى
He's got a British passport.
او پاسپورت بریتانیایی(انگلیسی) گرفته است.
I. Brit‧ish1 /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/ BrE AmE adjective
[Language: Old English; Origin: Brettisc 'of ancient Britain', from Bret 'British person', from a Celtic language]
relating to Britain or its people:
the British government
a British-born scientist
British
Brit·ish [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] adjective
1. (abbr. Br.) connected with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland or the people who live there
• the British Government
• He was born in France but his parents are British.
• British-based/British-born/British-made
2. the British noun plural the people of the United Kingdom
Derived Word: Britishness
Word Origin:
[British Britishness] Old English Brettisc ‘relating to the ancient Britons’, from Bret ‘Briton’, from Latin Britto, or its Celtic equivalent.
More About:
the British
There is no singular noun which is commonly used to refer to a person from Britain. Instead the adjective British is used: ▪ She’s British. ◊ ▪ The British have a very odd sense of humour. The adjective English refers only to people from England, not the rest of the United Kingdom.
The noun Briton is used mainly in newspapers: ▪ The survivors of the avalanche included 12 Britons. It also describes the early inhabitants of Britain: ▪ the ancient Britons. Brit is informal and can sound negative. Britisher is now very old-fashioned.
note at Scottish
Example Bank:
• a truly British comic hero
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
British / ˈbrɪt.ɪʃ / / ˈbrɪt̬- / adjective
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland:
He's got a British passport.
© Cambridge University Press 2013
British
Brit·ish /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/ adj : of or relating to Great Britain and especially England
• British newspapers
• a British port
the British : the people of Great Britain and especially England
• talked about the British
Pleasant or enjoyable
دوست داشتنی
Hotel california is such a lovely place and lovely face.
هتل کالیفرنیا جای دوست داشتنی با نمایی بسیار زیبا است.
lovely
adjective (lovelier, loveliest)
beautiful or very nice:
That's a lovely dress.
We had a lovely holiday.
It's lovely to see you again.
lovely
love‧ly S1 W3 /ˈlʌvli/ BrE AmE adjective (comparative lovelier, superlative loveliest)
[Word Family: adjective: ↑lovable ≠ UNLOVABLE, ↑loveless, ↑lovely, ↑loving, ↑unloved; noun: ↑love, ↑lover, loveliness., ↑lovey; verb: ↑love; adverb: ↑lovingly]
1. especially British English beautiful or attractive:
She had a lovely face.
What a lovely house!
You look lovely in that dress.
He was a lovely little boy.
What a lovely day!
2. spoken especially British English very pleasant, enjoyable, or good:
Thank you for a lovely evening.
That was a lovely cup of tea.
3. informal especially British English friendly and pleasant:
Richard’s a lovely person.
4. British English spoken used to say that something is not at all enjoyable or good:
‘The cat threw up all over the carpet!’ ‘Lovely!’
You’ve made a lovely mess in here.
5. lovely and warm/fresh/clean etc British English spoken used to emphasize how good something is:
This bread’s lovely and fresh.
6. British English spoken used to show that you are pleased with something:
Push it right across. That’s it, lovely.
lovely
love·ly [lovely lovelies] adjective, noun [ˈlʌvli] [ˈlʌvli]
adjective (love·lier, love·li·est) You can also use more lovely and most lovely. (especially BrE)
1. beautiful; attractive
• lovely countryside/eyes/flowers
• She looked particularly lovely that night.
• He has a lovely voice.
2. (informal) very enjoyable and pleasant; wonderful
• ‘Can I get you anything?’ ‘A cup of tea would be lovely.’
• What a lovely surprise!
• How lovely to see you!
• Isn't it a lovely day?
• We've had a lovely time.
• It's a lovely old farm.
• It's been lovely having you here.
• (ironic) You've got yourself into a lovely mess, haven't you?
3. (informal) (of a person) very kind, generous and friendly
• Her mother was a lovely woman. Very lovely is not very common and is only used about the physical appearance of a person or thing.
Word Origin:
Old English luflic (see love, -ly).
Thesaurus:
lovely adj.
1. (especially BrE)
• We walked through lovely countryside.
beautiful • • attractive • • pretty • • scenic • • picturesque • • charming • • exquisite •
Opp: horrible
a/an lovely/beautiful/attractive/pretty/picturesque/charming place/town/village
a/an lovely/beautiful/attractive/scenic/picturesque/charming/exquisite setting/view
lovely/beautiful/attractive/picturesque countryside/scenery/surroundings
Lovely or beautiful? Something that is lovely always has a warm quality that appeals not only to the eyes but also to the heart; beautiful things often have this quality, but they do not have to:
• The designs were pure, austere and coldly beautiful.
¤ The designs were pure, austere and coldly lovely.
2. (especially BrE)
• She was looking lovely.
beautiful • • pretty • • attractive • • good-looking • • striking • |informal gorgeous • • stunning • |especially AmE, informal cute •
Opp: horrible, Opp: ugly
a/an lovely/beautiful/pretty/attractive/good-looking/striking/gorgeous/stunning/cute girl/woman
a/an lovely/beautiful/pretty/attractive/good-looking/striking/cute face
a/an lovely/beautiful/attractive/gorgeous/cute body
3. (especially BrE, especially spoken)
• We had a lovely day.
wonderful • • delightful • • enjoyable • |BrE, especially spoken marvellous • |AmE, especially spoken marvelous • |literary delicious •
Opp: horrible
a lovely/wonderful/delightful/marvellous/delicious feeling/sensation
(a) lovely/wonderful/delightful/marvellous experience/time/place/scenery/weather
It's lovely/wonderful/marvellous to be/feel/find/know/have/see…
Lovely, wonderful or delightful? Lovely is the most frequent in British, spoken English. In American English wonderful is the most frequent, both written and spoken. Delightful is used mostly to talk about times, events and places.
4. (especially BrE, especially spoken)
• Her mother's a lovely woman.
wonderful • • charming • • pleasant • • friendly • • kind • • lovable • • charismatic • • engaging • |especially BrE likeable • |especially AmE likable • |especially spoken nice • • sweet •
Opp: horrible
a lovely/wonderful/charming/pleasant/friendly/kind/lovable/charismatic/engaging/likeable/nice/sweet man
a lovely/wonderful/charming/pleasant/friendly/kind/lovable/engaging/likeable/nice/sweet person
a lovely/wonderful/charming/pleasant/friendly/kind/engaging/kind/nice/sweet woman
Synonyms:
beautiful
pretty • handsome • attractive • lovely • good-looking • gorgeous
These words all describe people who are pleasant to look at.
beautiful • (especially of a woman or girl) very pleasant to look at: ▪ She looked stunningly beautiful that night.
pretty • (especially of a girl or woman) pleasant to look at: ▪ She's got a very pretty face.
Pretty is used most often to talk about girls. When it is used to talk about a woman, it usually suggests that she is like a girl, with small, delicate features.
handsome • (of a man) pleasant to look at; (of a woman) pleasant to look at, with large strong features rather than small delicate ones: ▪ He was described as ‘ ▪ tall, dark and handsome ▪ ’.
attractive • (of a person) pleasant to look at, especially in a sexual way: ▪ She's a very attractive woman.
lovely • (of a person) beautiful; very attractive: ▪ She looked particularly lovely that night.
When you describe sb as lovely, you are usually showing that you also have a strong feeling of affection for them.
good-looking • (of a person) pleasant to look at, often in a sexual way: ▪ She arrived with a very good-looking man.
gorgeous • (informal) (of a person) extremely attractive, especially in a sexual way: ▪ You look gorgeous!
attractive or good-looking?
If you describe sb as attractive you often also mean that they have a pleasant personality as well as being pleasant to look at; good-looking just describes sb's physical appearance.
a(n) beautiful/pretty/handsome/attractive/lovely/good-looking/gorgeous girl/woman
a(n) beautiful/handsome/attractive/good-looking/gorgeous boy/man
a(n) beautiful/pretty/handsome/attractive/lovely/good-looking face
Synonyms:
wonderful
lovely • delightful
These words all describe an experience, feeling or sight that gives you great pleasure.
wonderful • that you enjoy very much; that gives you great pleasure; extremely good: ▪ We had a wonderful time last night. ◊ ▪ The weather was absolutely wonderful.
lovely • (rather informal, especially BrE) that you enjoy very much; that gives you great pleasure; very attractive: ▪ What a lovely day! ▪ (= the weather is very good) ◊ ▪ It's been lovely having you here.
delightful • that gives you great pleasure; very attractive: ▪ a delightful little fishing village
wonderful, lovely or delightful?
All these words can describe times, events, places, sights, feelings and the weather. Wonderful can also describe a chance or ability. Lovely is the most frequent in spoken British English, but in North American English wonderful is the most frequent, both spoken and written. Delightful is used especially to talk about times, events and places.
wonderful/lovely/delightful weather/views/scenery
It's wonderful/lovely to be/feel/find/have/know/see…
It would be wonderful/lovely/delightful if…
It's wonderful/lovely that…
That sounds wonderful/lovely/delightful.
really/quite/absolutely wonderful/lovely/delightful
Example Bank:
• She looked really lovely in the blue dress.
• She's got an absolutely lovely face.
• The cool water felt lovely after being in the hot sun.
• Your idea of a day on the beach sounds lovely.
• a hauntingly lovely melody
• It was a lovely evening— calm and still.
• It's a lovely old farmhouse.
• It's been lovely having you here.
• It's lovely and warm in here.
• We had a lovely day.
• We travelled through some lovely countryside.
• You've got lovely eyes.
• You've got yourself into a lovely mess, haven't you?
• a lovely cool drink
Idiom: lovely and warm/cold/quiet
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
lovely / ˈlʌv.li / adjective mainly UK (ENJOYABLE)
A2 pleasant or enjoyable:
a lovely meal/evening
We had a lovely time with them.
loveliness / -nəs / noun [ U ]
She was a vision of loveliness in her wedding dress.
lovely / ˈlʌv.li / adjective mainly UK (BEAUTIFUL)
A2 beautiful:
She has lovely eyes.
You look lovely in that dress.
Thank you for the lovely present.
loveliness / -nəs / noun [ U ]
She was a vision of loveliness in her wedding dress.
lovely / ˈlʌv.li / adjective (KIND)
describes a person who is kind, friendly, and pleasant to be with:
He's a lovely bloke.
loveliness / -nəs / noun [ U ]
She was a vision of loveliness in her wedding dress.
© Cambridge University Press 2013
lovely
/lʌvli/
(lovelier, loveliest)
Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.
1.
If you describe someone or something as lovely, you mean that they are very beautiful and therefore pleasing to look at or listen to. (mainly BRIT)
You look lovely, Marcia...
He had a lovely voice...
It was just one of those lovely old English gardens.
= beautiful
ADJ
• love‧li‧ness
You are a vision of loveliness.
= beauty
N-UNCOUNT
2.
If you describe something as lovely, you mean that it gives you pleasure. (mainly BRIT mainly SPOKEN)
Mary! How lovely to see you!...
It’s a lovely day...
What a lovely surprise!
= marvellous, wonderful
ADJ
3.
If you describe someone as lovely, you mean that they are friendly, kind, or generous. (mainly BRIT)
Laura is a lovely young woman...
She’s a lovely child.
= delightful
ADJ
1love·ly /ˈlʌvli/ adj love·li·er; -est
1 : attractive or beautiful especially in a graceful way
• She was wearing a lovely dress.
• She looks simply lovely in that dress! = That dress looks simply lovely on her!
• a lovely bouquet of flowers
• The song has a lovely melody. synonyms seebeautiful
2 : very good or likable
• He's a lovely man. [=he's a very good man]
3 : very pleasing : fine
• The hotel has a lovely view.
• We enjoyed a lovely dinner.
• a singer with a lovely voice
• Their children have lovely manners.
• How lovely of you to come!
• It was lovely to have you here!
• (Brit) Isn't the coffee lovely and hot! [=the coffee is pleasingly hot]
- love·li·ness noun [noncount]
• the loveliness of the view
Not giving or having much light
کم نور
This light is too dim to read by.
این نور برای مطالعه بسیار کم است .
dim
adjective (dimmer, dimmest)
not bright or clear:
The light was so dim that we couldn't see anything.
dim
I. dim1 /dɪm/ BrE AmE adjective (comparative dimmer, superlative dimmest)
[Language: Old English]
1. DARK fairly dark or not giving much light, so that you cannot see well OPP bright:
in the dim light of the early dawn
a dim glow
2. SHAPE a dim shape is one which is not easy to see because it is too far away, or there is not enough light:
The dim outline of a building loomed up out of the mist.
3. take a dim view of something to disapprove of something:
Miss Watson took a dim view of Paul’s behaviour.
4. dim recollection/awareness etc a memory or understanding of something that is not clear in your mind SYN vague:
Laura had a dim recollection of someone telling her this before.
5. EYES literary dim eyes are weak and cannot see well:
Isaac was old and his eyes were dim.
6. FUTURE CHANCES if your chances of success in the future are dim, they are not good:
Prospects for an early settlement of the dispute are dim.
7. in the dim and distant past a very long time ago – used humorously
8. NOT INTELLIGENT informal not intelligent:
You can be really dim sometimes!
—dimly adverb:
a dimly lit room
She was only dimly aware of the risk.
—dimness noun [uncountable]
• • •
THESAURUS
▪ dark if a place is dark, there is little or no light: The room was very dark. | No, you can’t play outside, it’s too dark. | It was a dark night with clouds covering the moon.
▪ dimly-lit a dimly-lit building or place is fairly dark because the lights there are not very bright: a dimly-lit restaurant | The church was dimly lit.
▪ dim a dim light is fairly dark: The camera can take good pictures even in dim lighting. | The evening sky grew dim.
▪ darkened a darkened room or building is darker than usual, especially because its lights have been turned off or the curtains have been drawn: The prisoner lay in a darkened room. | The play starts with a darkened stage, and the sound of a woman singing softly.
▪ gloomy a gloomy place or room is not at all bright or cheerful: The bar was gloomy and smelled of stale cigar smoke.
▪ murky dark and difficult to see through – used especially about water: the murky waters of the lake | I could hardly see him in the murky light of the bar.
▪ pitch-dark/pitch-black completely dark, so that nothing can be seen: It was pitch-dark inside the shed.
▪ shady a shady place is cooler and darker than the area around it, because the light of the sun cannot reach it: It was nice and shady under the trees. | They found a shady spot for a picnic.
dim
dim [dim dims dimmed dimming dimmer dimmest] adjective, verb [dɪm] [dɪm]
adjective (dim·mer, dim·mest)
LIGHT
1. not bright
• the dim glow of the fire in the grate
• This light is too dim to read by.
PLACE
2. where you cannot see well because there is not much light
• a dim room/street
SHAPE
3. that you cannot see well because there is not much light
• the dim outline of a house in the moonlight
• I could see a dim shape in the doorway.
EYES
4. not able to see well
• His eyesight is getting dim.
MEMORIES
5. that you cannot remember or imagine clearly
Syn: vague
• dim memories
• She had a dim recollection of the visit.
• (humorous) in the dim and distant past
PERSON
6. (informal, especially BrE) not intelligent
• He's very dim.
SITUATION
7. not giving any reason to have hope; not good
• Her future career prospects look dim.
Word Origin:
Old English dim, dimm, of Germanic origin; related to German dialect timmer.
Thesaurus:
dim adj.
1.
• The light was too dim to read by.
faint • • weak • • soft • |literary thin •
Opp: bright
dim/faint/weak/soft/thin light
a dim/faint/soft glow
a dim/faint outline
Dim, faint or weak? Dim describes light in a room or place when it is not bright enough to see clearly; faint describes a particular point of light which is hard to see; weak usually describes sunlight that is not bright.
2.
• They stepped into the dim and cluttered shop.
gloomy • • dreary • • dingy •
Opp: bright
a dim/gloomy/dreary/dingy room
a dim/gloomy corridor/interior/street
a dim/gloomy/dreary place/day
Example Bank:
• He seems incredibly dim sometimes!
• He was good-natured but rather dim.
• The living room looked dim and shadowy.
• A dim lamp swung in the entrance.
• A voice came from the dim interior.
• It was hard to see in the dim glow of the streetlights.
• Owls' eyesight is good in dim light.
• She was a pleasant but rather dim young woman.
• The light is too dim to read by.
• The room was dim because the curtains were half drawn.
• The room was very dim with a murky greenish light.
• They stepped into the dim and cluttered little shop.
Idiom: take a dim view of somebody
Derived Word: dimness
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
dim / dɪm / adjective ( dimmer , dimmest ) (NOT CLEAR)
C2 not giving or having much light:
The lamp gave out a dim light.
He sat in a dim corner of the waiting room.
We could see a dim (= not easily seen) shape in the fog.
literary If your eyes are dim, you cannot see very well. a dim memory, recollection, etc. C2 something that you remember slightly, but not very well:
I had a dim recollection of having met her before.
dimly / ˈdɪm.li / adverb
The room was dimly lit.
I dimly remembered seeing the film before.
dimness / ˈdɪm.nəs / noun [ U ]
dim / dɪm / adjective ( dimmer , dimmest ) informal (NOT CLEVER)
not very clever:
He's a nice guy, but a little dim.
Don't be dim!
dimly / ˈdɪm.li / adverb
The room was dimly lit.
I dimly remembered seeing the film before.
dimness / ˈdɪm.nəs / noun [ U ]
dim / dɪm / adjective ( dimmer , dimmest ) (NOT POSITIVE)
not likely to succeed:
The company's prospects for the future are rather dim.
dimly / ˈdɪm.li / adverb
The room was dimly lit.
I dimly remembered seeing the film before.
© Cambridge University Press 2013
dim
/dɪm/
(dimmer, dimmest, dims, dimming, dimmed)
1.
Dim light is not bright.
She stood waiting, in the dim light...
ADJ
• dim‧ly
He followed her into a dimly lit kitchen.
ADV: ADV after v, ADV -ed
• dim‧ness
...the dimness of an early September evening.
N-UNCOUNT
2.
A dim place is rather dark because there is not much light in it.
The room was dim and cool and quiet.
ADJ
• dim‧ness
I squinted to adjust my eyes to the dimness.
N-UNCOUNT
3.
A dim figure or object is not very easy to see, either because it is in shadow or darkness, or because it is far away.
Pete’s torch picked out the dim figures of Bob and Chang.
= faint
ADJ
• dim‧ly
The shoreline could be dimly seen.
ADV: usu ADV with v
4.
If you have a dim memory or understanding of something, it is difficult to remember or is unclear in your mind.
It seems that the ’60s era of social activism is all but a dim memory.
= hazy
ADJ: usu ADJ n
• dim‧ly
Christina dimly recalled the procedure...
ADV: ADV with v, ADV adj
5.
If the future of something is dim, you have no reason to feel hopeful or positive about it.
The prospects for a peaceful solution are dim.
≠ bright
ADJ
6.
If you describe someone as dim, you think that they are stupid. (INFORMAL)
ADJ
7.
If you dim a light or if it dims, it becomes less bright.
Dim the lighting–it is unpleasant to lie with a bright light shining in your eyes...
The houselights dimmed.
VERB: V n, V
8.
If your future, hopes, or emotions dim or if something dims them, they become less good or less strong.
Their economic prospects have dimmed...
Forty eight years of marriage have not dimmed the passion between Bill and Helen.
VERB: V, V n
9.
If your memories dim or if something dims them, they become less clear in your mind.
Their memory of what happened has dimmed...
The intervening years had dimmed his memory.
VERB: V, V n
1dim /ˈdɪm/ adj dim·mer; dim·mest
1 : not bright or clear
• I found her sitting in a dim [=dark] corner of the restaurant.
• a dim [=obscure, faint] light
• dim stars : not seen clearly
• Just the dim outline of the building could be seen through the fog.
2 : not understood or remembered in a clear way
• We had only a dim [=faint, vague] notion of what was going on.
• I have a dim memory of your last visit.
- see also the dim and distant past at distant
3 : not likely to be good or successful
• Prospects for a quick settlement of the strike appear dim. [=unlikely]
• (US) The industry faces a dim [=grim] future.
4 : not good or favorable - used in the phrase dim view
• The author's dim view [=bad opinion] of politicians is apparent throughout the book.
• She takes a dim view of human nature. [=she believes that people are naturally bad]
• Many fans take a dim view of [=many fans are unhappy about] recent changes in the team.
5 informal : not intelligent : stupid or dim-witted
• She found him pretty dim at times.
- dim·ly adv
• The lights were shining dimly.
• a dimly lit room
• I dimly remember him.
- dim·ness noun [noncount]
• the gray dimness of dawn
Having or producing a comfortably high temperature, although not hot
گرم
This sleeping bag is very warm.
این کیسه خواب خیلی گرم است.
adjective (warmer, warmest)
pronunciation
The word warm sounds like storm.
1 having a pleasant temperature that is fairly high, between cool and hot:
It's warm by the fire.
Look at the note at hot.
2 Warm clothes are clothes that stop you feeling cold:
It's cold in the mountains, so take some warm clothes with you.
3 friendly and kind:
Martha is a very warm person.
opposite cold
warm
I. warm1 S2 W2 /wɔːm $ wɔːrm/ BrE AmE adjective
[Word Family: noun: ↑warmth, the warm, ↑warmer, ↑warming; adverb: ↑warmly, ↑warm; adjective: ↑warm, ↑warming; verb: ↑warm]
[Language: Old English; Origin: wearm]
1. BE WARM slightly hot, especially in a pleasant way OPP cool ⇨ warmth:
The house was lovely and warm.
I hope we get some warm weather soon.
I’ve put your dinner in the oven to keep it warm.
warm water
2. FEEL WARM if you are warm, your body is at a comfortable temperature:
Are you warm enough?
keep/stay warm (=wear enough clothes not to feel cold)
Make sure you keep warm!
You’ll be as warm as toast in that sleeping bag.
3. CLOTHES/BUILDINGS clothes or buildings that are warm can keep in heat or keep out cold:
Here, put on your nice warm coat.
4. FRIENDLY friendly or making someone feel comfortable and relaxed:
a warm, reassuring smile
Please give a warm welcome to our special guest.
a warm glow of satisfaction
The Hungarian people are warm and friendly.
5. COLOUR warm colours contain the colours red, yellow, and orange, which make you feel comfortable and happy OPP cool
6. CORRECT [not before noun] used especially in games to say that someone is near to guessing the correct answer or finding a hidden object OPP cold:
You’re getting warmer.
warm
warm [warm warms warmed warming warmer warmest] adjective, verb, noun, adverb [wɔːm] [wɔːrm]
adjective (warm·er, warm·est)
AT PLEASANT TEMPERATURE
1. at a fairly high temperature in a way that is pleasant, rather than being hot or cold
• a warm breeze
• Wash the blouse in warm soapy water.
• It's nice and warm in here.
• Are you warm enough?
• The children jumped up and down to keep warm.
• You'll be as warm as toast in here.
• Heat the bread until it is warm to the touch.
• Wait for the warmer weather before putting the plants in the garden.
• The sun felt warm on his skin.
• I can't seem to get warm.
CLOTHES/BUILDINGS
2. keeping you warm or staying warm in cold weather
• a warm pair of socks
• This sleeping bag is very warm.
• a warm house
FRIENDLY
3. showing enthusiasm and/or affection; friendly
• His smile was warm and friendly.
• The speaker was given a warm welcome/reception.
• Please send her my warmest congratulations.
• Her comments were greeted with warm applause.
COLOURS
4. (of colours) containing red, orange or yellow, which creates a pleasant, comfortable and relaxed feeling or atmosphere
• The room was decorated in warm shades of red and orange.
IN GAME
5. not before noun used to say that sb has almost guessed the answer to sth or that they have almost found sb/sth that has been hidden
• Keep guessing— you're getting warmer.
see also warmth
Word Origin:
Old English wearm (adjective), werman, wearmian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German warm, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin formus ‘warm’ and Greek thermos ‘hot’.
Example Bank:
• Add the soured cream and cook, stirring, until just warm.
• Are you sure you'll be warm enough dressed like that?
• Bake for 15 minutes and serve warm with Greek yogurt.
• Come and have a nice warm drink by the fire.
• How can we get warm?
• I slid further down into the pleasantly warm bed
• It was a mild day, almost warm.
• She felt her face grow warm at his remarks.
• She tries to keep warm by sitting right next to the fire.
• That jacket looks nice and warm.
• The bread should stay warm for at least half an hour.
• The machine may feel warm to the touch.
• The night air was soft and unseasonably warm.
• The room seemed uncomfortably warm.
• The weather had turned warm.
• These will keep your feet warm.
• an extremely warm and friendly person
• His comments were greeted with warm applause.
• I wish I had a warm house to go back to.
• It's nice and warm in here.
• Make sure you pack some warm clothes.
• Reds and yellows are warm colours that attract attention.
• The house is decorated in warm shades of red and orange.
• The leaves swayed slowly in the soft, warm breeze.
• The speaker was given a warm welcome.
• They stood on the corner, stamping their feet to keep warm.
• This plant will only grow in a warm climate.
• This sleeping bag is really warm.
• You'll be as warm as toast in here.
Idiom: warm the cockles
Derived Word: warmly
Derived: warm down ▪ warm somebody up ▪ warm something up ▪ warm to somebody ▪ warm to something ▪ warm up
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
warm / wɔːm / / wɔːrm / adjective (TEMPERATURE)
A1 having or producing a comfortably high temperature, although not hot:
Are you warm enough or do you want the fire on?
I've got my hands in my pockets to keep them warm.
A2 describes clothes and covers made of a material that keeps you warm:
I don't have a warm winter coat.
Those gloves look nice and warm.
A warm colour is one that is based on or contains a colour such as red, yellow, or orange that suggests warmth. the warm UK a warm place:
It's cold standing out there - come into the warm.
warmly / ˈwɔːm.li / / ˈwɔːrm- / adverb
B2
He shook my hand warmly.
You're not dressed warmly enough - put a sweater on.
warmth / wɔːmθ / / wɔːrmθ / noun [ U ]
B2
I've put a T-shirt on under my sweater for extra warmth.
warm / wɔːm / / wɔːrm / adjective (FRIENDLY)
B1 friendly and loving:
They're a very warm family.
He has a lovely warm smile.
I'd like to give a warm welcome to our guests this evening.
warmly / ˈwɔːm.li / / ˈwɔːrm- / adverb
B2
He shook my hand warmly.
You're not dressed warmly enough - put a sweater on.
warmth / wɔːmθ / / wɔːrmθ / noun [ U ]
B2
I've put a T-shirt on under my sweater for extra warmth.
warm / wɔːm / / wɔːrm / adjective [ after verb ] informal (NEAR)
(especially in children's games) near to guessing a correct answer or to discovering a hidden object:
You're getting warmer!
© Cambridge University Press 2013
warm
/wɔ:(r)m/
(warmer, warmest, warms, warming, warmed)
Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.
1.
Something that is warm has some heat but not enough to be hot.
Because it was warm, David wore only a white cotton shirt...
Dissolve the salt in the warm water.
≠ cool
ADJ: oft it v-link ADJ
2.
Warm clothes and blankets are made of a material such as wool which protects you from the cold.
They have been forced to sleep in the open without food or warm clothing...
≠ cool
ADJ
• warm‧ly
Remember to wrap up warmly on cold days.
...warmly dressed.
ADV: ADV after v, ADV -ed
3.
Warm colours have red or yellow in them rather than blue or green, and make you feel comfortable and relaxed.
The basement hallway is painted a warm yellow.
ADJ: usu ADJ n
4.
A warm person is friendly and shows a lot of affection or enthusiasm in their behaviour.
She was a warm and loving mother...
I would like to express my warmest thanks to the doctors.
ADJ
• warm‧ly
New members are warmly welcomed...
He greeted me warmly.
ADV: ADV with v
5.
If you warm a part of your body or if something hot warms it, it stops feeling cold and starts to feel hotter.
The sun had come out to warm his back...
She went to warm her hands by the log fire.
VERB: V n, V n
6.
If you warm to a person or an idea, you become fonder of the person or more interested in the idea.
Those who got to know him better warmed to his openness and honesty...
VERB: V to n
1warm /ˈwoɚm/ adj warm·er; -est
1 a : somewhat hot : not cool or cold
• Be sure to keep warm when you go outside.
• warm weather
• a warm fire/radiator
• I'm feeling warm.
• We sat by the fire to stay warm.
• It's too warm in here. We should open a window.
b : causing or allowing you to feel warm
• This sweater is warm.
• warm clothing
• The sunshine was warm on my face.
2 : feeling or showing friendship and affection
• We were met with a warm welcome.
• She has a warm and friendly nature.
• The letter was signed, “warmest regards.”
• She gave us each a long, warm hug.
3 : close to finding something, solving a puzzle, etc.
• Keep going; you're getting warm.
4 a : having a yellow, orange, or red color
• a room decorated in warm colors/shades
b of sound : rich and full : not thin or harsh
• the warm sound of the cello
(as) warm as toast informal : comfortably or pleasantly warm
• The room was cold but I was as warm as toast lying under the covers in bed.
- warm·ness /ˈwoɚmnəs/ noun [noncount]
• the warmness of a summer's day
• She welcomed us with warmness.
slightly cold
خنک
Store medicines in a cool dry place.
داروها را در جای خنک نگه داری کنید.
adjective (cooler, coolest)
1 a little cold; not hot or warm:
cool weather
I'd like a cool drink.
Look at the note at cold.
2 not excited or angry same meaning calm
3 (informal) very good or fashionable:
Those are cool shoes you're wearing!
4 (informal) People say Cool! to show that they think something is a good idea:
'We're planning to go out for lunch tomorrow.' 'Cool!'
cool
I. cool1 S2 W3 /kuːl/ BrE AmE adjective (comparative cooler, superlative coolest)
[Word Family: noun: ↑cool, ↑coolness, ↑cooler, ↑coolant; verb: ↑cool; adverb: ↑coolly; adjective: ↑cool]
[Language: Old English; Origin: col]
1. TEMPERATURE low in temperature, but not cold, often in a way that feels pleasant:
She swam out into the cool water.
The evening air was cool.
Relax in the sun with a cool drink.
the cooler weather of September
2. CLOTHING clothing that is cool is made of thin material so that you do not become too hot:
a cool cotton dress
3. CALM calm and not nervous, upset, or excited
keep/stay cool
his ability to keep cool in a crisis
She looks efficient and as cool as a cucumber.
Outwardly she is cool, calm, and collected.
a cool customer (=someone who always behaves calmly)
Keep a cool head (=stay calm).
4. APPROVAL informal very attractive, fashionable, interesting etc in a way that people admire – used in order to show approval:
She’s pretty cool.
You look cool in denim.
Cool bike!
‘I’m thinking of studying abroad.’ ‘Really? Cool.’
5. AGREEMENT spoken used to say that you agree with something, that you understand it, or that it does not annoy you:
OK, Ryan, that’s cool, I can do it.
‘I just have to go, you know.’ ‘It’s all right, it’s cool.’
‘I’m finished.’ ‘Cool.’
cool about
My mum was cool about whatever I wore.
something is cool with somebody
Is Friday cool with you guys?
somebody is cool with something
‘Do you want to come over and watch a video tonight?’ ‘I’m cool with that.’
6. NOT FRIENDLY behaving in a way that is not as friendly as you expect:
My proposal met with a cool response.
Luke gave her a cool look.
7. COLOUR a cool colour is one, such as blue or green, that makes you think of cool things
8. a cool million/hundred thousand etc informal a surprisingly large amount of money:
He earns a cool half million every year.
—coolness noun [uncountable]:
the coolness of the nights
—coolly adverb:
She nodded coolly and walked out.
cool
cool [cool cools cooled cooling] adjective, verb, noun [kuːl] [kuːl]
adjective (cool·er, cool·est)
FAIRLY COLD
1. fairly cold; not hot or warm
• a cool breeze/drink/climate
• Cooler weather is forecast for the weekend.
• Let's sit in the shade and keep cool.
• Store lemons in a cool dry place.
COLOURS
2. making you feel pleasantly cool
• a room painted in cool greens and blues
CALM
3. calm; not excited, angry or emotional
• Keep cool!
• She tried to remain cool, calm and collected (= calm).
• He has a cool head (= he stays calm in an emergency).
NOT FRIENDLY/ENTHUSIASTIC
4. not friendly, interested or enthusiastic
• She was decidedly cool about the proposal.
• He has been cool towards me ever since we had that argument.
• They gave the Prime Minister a cool reception.
• Her voice was cool and dismissive.
APPROVING
5. (informal) used to show that you admire or approve of sth because it is fashionable, attractive and often different
• You look pretty cool with that new haircut.
• It's a cool movie.
6. (informal) people say Cool! or That's cool to show that they approve of sth or agree to a suggestion
• ‘We're meeting Jake for lunch and we can go on the yacht in the afternoon.’ ‘Cool!’
• ‘Can you come at 10.30 tomorrow?’ ‘That's cool’.
• I was surprised that she got the job, but I'm cool with it (= it's not a problem for me).
CONFIDENT
7. (informal) calm and confident in a way that lacks respect for other people, but makes people admire you as well as disapprove
• She just took his keys and walked out with them, cool as you please.
• He was a cool customer. No one would think to look for him in a city where he'd been arrested for killing a cop.
MONEY
8. only before noun (informal) used about a sum of money to emphasize how large it is
• The car cost a cool thirty thousand.
see also coolly, coolness
more at take a long (cool/hard) look at sth at long adj.
Word Origin:
Old English cōl (noun), cōlian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch koel, also to cold.
Thesaurus:
cool adj.
1. (usually approving)
• Store medicines in a cool dry place.
cold • • chilly • • chill • |approving crisp • |often disapproving lukewarm • • tepid •
Opp: warm, Opp: hot
a cool/cold/chilly/chill/crisp day/morning
cool/cold/chilly/chill/crisp air
(a) cool/cold/lukewarm/tepid water/shower
2.
• You must try to stay cool, even in an emergency.
calm • • relaxed • • unperturbed • • composed • • controlled • |informal unfazed •
cool/calm/relaxed about sth
unperturbed/unfazed by sth
a cool/calm/relaxed/contolled manner/voice/way
Cool, calm or relaxed? Relaxed describes how you feel about sth. Cool is used more to describe how sb behaves: they don't let their feelings affect their behaviour. Calm can describe feelings or behaviour.
3.
• He's been cool towards me ever since we had the argument.
cold • • unfriendly • • frosty • • chilly • • remote • • distant • |written aloof •
Opp: warm, Opp: friendly
cool/cold/unfriendly to/towards sb
a/an cool/cold/unfriendly/frosty/distant/aloof manner
a cool/frosty/chilly reception
4. (informal)
• a really cool new video game
informal great • • fantastic • • fabulous • • terrific • |BrE, informal brilliant • |especially AmE, informal awesome • |slang wicked •
Opp: uncool, Opp: rubbish
a cool/great/fantastic/fabulous/terrific/brilliant/awesome/wicked place
have a cool/great/fantastic/fabulous/terrific/brilliant/awesome/wicked time
a cool/great/fantastic/fabulous/terrific/brilliant guy/girl
Synonyms:
cold
cool • freezing • chilly • lukewarm • tepid
These words all describe sb/sth that has a low temperature.
cold • having a temperature that is lower than usual or lower than the human body; (of food or drink) not heated; cooled after being cooked: ▪ I'm cold. Turn the heating up. ◊ ▪ Outside it was bitterly cold. ◊ ▪ a cold wind ◊ ▪ hot and cold water ◊ ▪ It's cold chicken for lunch.
cool • (often approving) fairly cold, especially in a pleasant way: ▪ a long cool drink ◊ ▪ We found a cool place to sit.
freezing • extremely cold; having a temperature below 0° Celsius: ▪ It's absolutely freezing outside. ◊ ▪ I'm freezing!
chilly • (rather informal) too cold to be comfortable: ▪ Bring a coat. It might turn chilly later.
lukewarm • (often disapproving) slightly warm, sometimes in an unpleasant way: ▪ Her coffee was now lukewarm.
tepid • (often disapproving) slightly warm, sometimes in an unpleasant way: ▪ a jug of tepid water
lukewarm or tepid?
There is really no difference in meaning or use between these words.
to feel/get cold/cool/chilly
cold/cool/freezing/chilly air/weather
a cold/cool/freezing/chilly wind
cold/cool/freezing/lukewarm/tepid water
a cold/cool/lukewarm/tepid shower/bath
cold/lukewarm/tepid tea/coffee/food
a cold/cool drink
It's cold/chilly/freezing outside.
Synonyms:
great
cool • fantastic • fabulous • terrific • brilliant • awesome
These are all informal words that describe sb/sth that is very good, pleasant, enjoyable, etc.
great • (informal) very good; giving a lot of pleasure: ▪ We had a great time in Madrid.
cool • (informal) used to show that you admire or approve of sth, often because it is fashionable, attractive or different: ▪ I think their new song's really cool.
fantastic • (informal) extremely good; giving a lot of pleasure: ▪ ‘How was your holiday?’ ‘Fantastic!’
fabulous • (informal) extremely good: ▪ Jane's a fabulous cook. (Fabulous is slightly more old-fashioned than the other words in this set.)
terrific • (informal) extremely good; wonderful: ▪ She's doing a terrific job.
brilliant • (BrE, informal) extremely good; wonderful: ▪ ‘How was the show?’ ‘Brilliant!’
awesome • (informal, especially NAmE) very good, impressive, or enjoyable: ▪ The show was just awesome.
to have a(n) great/cool/fantastic/fabulous/terrific/brilliant/awesome time
to look/sound great/cool/fantastic/fabulous/terrific/brilliant/awesome
really great/cool/fantastic/fabulous/terrific/brilliant/awesome
absolutely great/fantastic/fabulous/terrific/brilliant/awesome
Example Bank:
• He did his best to appear cool, calm and collected.
• He forced himself to count to ten and act cool.
• He was cool towards me.
• I knew I needed surgery, and I was cool with it.
• I'm sorry I acted cool toward you.
• It was a relatively cool night.
• It will probably get cool later, so bring a coat.
• It's so cool you came back!
• Professionally cool, she went back to her patient.
• She managed to stay cool during the meeting.
• She was distinctly cool about their plans.
• She's completely cool about what happened.
• The cave was refreshingly cool.
• The forest looked cool and shady.
• The temple was light, spacious and blissfully cool.
• The weather that June was unseasonably cool.
• Try to keep the drinks cool.
• Wait until the cake is completely cool before cutting.
• You look really cool in those jeans.
• ‘We're meeting Jake later.’ ‘Cool!’
• ‘What's his new girlfriend like?’ ‘She's cool.’
• A cool breeze played in the trees.
• He has a cool head.
• He has been cool towards me ever since we had the argument.
• His new car's pretty cool.
• I think their new song's really cool.
• Keep cool. We'll sort this out.
• Let's sit in the shade and keep cool.
• She tried to remain cool, calm and collected.
• Store medicines in a cool dry place.
• The hall was deliciously cool and dark.
• The water was blissfully cool.
• They bathed in the cool water.
• They gave the Prime Minister a cool reception.
• We found a cool place to sit.
• What is she like beneath her cool, confident exterior?
• a long cool drink
Idioms: cool as a cucumber ▪ cool it! ▪ cool your heels ▪ keep your cool ▪ lose your cool ▪ play it cool
Derived: cool off ▪ cool out ▪ cool somebody off ▪ cool something off
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
cool / kuːl / adjective (COLD)
B1 slightly cold:
cool water
cool weather
B1 slightly cold in a pleasant way:
It was a lovely cool evening.
How do you manage to look so cool in this hot weather?
describes a temperature that is slightly too cold:
It 's a bit cool in here, isn't it? I think I'll close the window.
cool / kuːl / adjective (CALM)
C1 calm and not worried or frightened; not influenced by strong feeling of any kind:
He was very cool and calm about the mishap, and didn't shout or lose his temper.
Stay/Keep cool (= do not become angry or excited) .
be cool with sth informal to be happy to accept a situation or suggestion:
Yeah, we could leave later - I'm cool with that.
cool / kuːl / adjective (COLOUR)
describes colours, such as blue or green, that make you feel calm and relaxed:
The bedroom was painted a lovely cool blue.
cool / kuːl / adjective (UNFRIENDLY)
C2 unfriendly or not showing kindness or interest in something or someone:
She was decidedly cool towards me.
I got a rather cool reception / welcome this evening. What do you think I've done wrong?
cool / kuːl / adjective informal (FASHIONABLE)
A2 fashionable or attractive:
Angie's got some cool new sunglasses.
Now I know it won't look very cool, but this hat will keep the sun out of your eyes.
© Cambridge University Press 2013
cool
/ku:l/
(cooler, coolest, cools, cooling, cooled)
Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.
1.
Something that is cool has a temperature which is low but not very low.
I felt a current of cool air...
The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators.
≠ warm
ADJ
2.
If it is cool, or if a place is cool, the temperature of the air is low but not very low.
Thank goodness it’s cool in here...
Store grains and cereals in a cool, dry place.
...a cool November evening.
≠ warm
ADJ: oft it v-link ADJ
•
Cool is also a noun.
She walked into the cool of the hallway.
N-SING: the N, oft N of n
3.
Clothing that is cool is made of thin material so that you do not become too hot in hot weather.
In warm weather, you should wear clothing that is cool and comfortable.
≠ warm
ADJ
4.
Cool colours are light colours which give an impression of coolness.
Choose a cool colour such as cream...
≠ warm
ADJ: ADJ n
5.
When something cools or when you cool it, it becomes lower in temperature.
Drain the meat and allow it to cool...
Huge fans will have to cool the concrete floor to keep it below 150 degrees.
...a cooling breeze.
VERB: V, V n, V-ing
•
To cool down means the same as to cool.
Avoid putting your car away until the engine has cooled down...
The other main way the body cools itself down is by panting.
PHRASAL VERB: V P, V n P
6.
When a feeling or emotion cools, or when you cool it, it becomes less powerful.
Within a few minutes tempers had cooled...
His weird behaviour had cooled her passion.
VERB: V, V n
7.
If you say that a person or their behaviour is cool, you mean that they are calm and unemotional, especially in a difficult situation.
He was marvelously cool again, smiling as if nothing had happened...
= calm
ADJ [approval]
• cool‧ly
Everyone must think this situation through calmly and coolly.
...coolly ‘objective’ professionals.
ADV
8.
If you say that a person or their behaviour is cool, you mean that they are unfriendly or not enthusiastic.
I didn’t like him at all. I thought he was cool, aloof, and arrogant...
The idea met with a cool response...
ADJ
• cool‧ly
‘It’s your choice, Nina,’ David said coolly.
ADV: usu ADV with v, also ADV adj
9.
If you say that a person or their behaviour is cool, you mean that they are fashionable and attractive. (INFORMAL)
He was trying to be really cool and trendy.
ADJ [approval]
10.
If you say that someone is cool about something, you mean that they accept it and are not angry or upset about it. (mainly AM INFORMAL)
Bev was really cool about it all.
ADJ: v-link ADJ, oft ADJ about n [approval]
11.
If you say that something is cool, you think it is very good. (INFORMAL)
Kathleen gave me a really cool dress.
= neat
ADJ
12.
You can use cool to emphasize that an amount or figure is very large, especially when it has been obtained easily. (INFORMAL)
Columbia recently re-signed the band for a cool $30 million.
ADJ: ADJ n [emphasis]
13.
If you keep your cool in a difficult situation, you manage to remain calm. If you lose your cool, you get angry or upset. (INFORMAL)
She kept her cool and managed to get herself out of the ordeal...
PHRASE: V inflects
14.
If you play it cool, you deliberately behave in a calm, unemotional way because you do not want people to know you are enthusiastic or angry about something. (INFORMAL)
It’s ridiculous to play it cool if someone you’re mad about is mad about you too.
PHRASE: V inflects
1cool /ˈkuːl/ adj cool·er; cool·est
1 [or more ~; most ~] : somewhat cold : not warm or hot
• a cool breeze
• The weather is cool today.
• The surface is cool to the touch.
• The plant grows best in cool climates.
• I'm feeling a little cool.
• a cool refreshing drink
• It's cooler [=less warm or hot] in the shade.
• This is the coolest [=least warm or hot] summer on record.
2 : made of a light, thin material that helps you stay cool
• We changed into some cooler clothes.
3 [or more ~; most ~] : able to think and act in a calm way : not affected by strong feelings
• It is important to keep a cool head in a crisis. = It is important to keep/stay cool in a crisis. [=it is important to remain calm in a crisis]
• She remained calm, cool, and collected.
• He is a cool customer. [=he is someone who remains calm and is not easily upset]
✦If you are (as) cool as a cucumber, you are very calm and able to think clearly often in a difficult situation.
• Even in the emergency, she remained as cool as a cucumber.
• The reporter was cool as a cucumber despite the confusion all around her.
4 [or more ~; most ~] : not friendly
• a cool reply
• He replied with a cool “I don't think so.”
• She was always cool toward strangers.
• We were surprised by the cool reception we got.
5 [or more ~; most ~] informal
a : very fashionable, stylish, or appealing in a way that is generally approved of especially by young people
• cool sunglasses
• The car has a cool new look.
• You look cool in those jeans.
• a magazine article about the coolest places to live/work
- often used to show approval in a general way
• Your brother is so cool.
• That was a really cool [=good, excellent] movie.
• “I got a job as a lifeguard this summer.” “Cool.”
b
- used to suggest acceptance, agreement, or understanding
• “I'm sorry I'm late.” “It's/That's cool [=okay, all right]—don't worry about it.”
• “Is getting together Friday cool with you?” “Yeah, I'm cool with that.”
• I thought she'd be mad, but she was cool about it.
6 of a color : suggesting cool things
• Blue and green are cool colors, but red and orange are warm colors.
7 informal
- used for emphasis in referring to a large amount of money
• He's worth a cool million.
- cool·ish /ˈkuːlɪʃ/ adj
• a coolish day
• coolish colors
• He was a little coolish towards us.
- cool·ly adv
• “Is that so?,” she asked coolly.
• My idea was received coolly.
- cool·ness noun [noncount]
• the coolness of the mountain air
• I was surprised by his coolness towards us.
• He always displays coolness under pressure.
Relating to Canada or its people
کانادایی
Canadian Army Forces
نیروهای ارتش کانادا
Canadian
I. See main entry: ↑Canada
II. Ca‧na‧di‧an1 /kəˈneɪdiən/ BrE AmE adjective
relating to Canada or its people
Canadian
▪ I. Can·adian 7 [Canadian Canadians] adjective, noun [kəˈneɪdiən] [kəˈneɪdiən]
adjective
from or connected with Canada
Canadian
Ca·na·di·an /kəˈneɪdijən/ noun, pl -ans [count] : a person born, raised, or living in Canada - see also french canadian
- Canadian adj
• the Canadian government
• a Canadian accent
• a Canadian artist/author/film
