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to manage to continue doing something or make progress in a situation
اداره كردن، گرداندن
How are you getting along with your schoolwork?
چگونه کارهای مدرسه ات را مدیریت میکنی؟
get along
get along phrasal verb (see also get)
1. if two or more people get along, they have a friendly relationship:
• We’ve always got along quite well.
get along with
• They seem to get along with each other.
2. to deal with a job or situation or to make progress:
• How’s Sam getting along at university?
get along without
• Don’t worry, we’ll get along without you.
3. I must/I’d better be getting along spoken used to say that it is time for you to leave, for example because you have something else to do spoken
get along
ˌget aˈlongderived
1. (usually used in the progressive tenses) to leave a place
• It's time we were getting along.
2. = get on
Main entry: getderived
get along
get along (DEAL WITH) MAINLY US phrasal verb (MAINLY UK get on)
to deal with a situation, usually successfully:
I wonder how Michael is getting on in his new job?
get along (BE FRIENDLY) MAINLY US phrasal verb (MAINLY UK get on)
If two or more people get along, they like each other and are friendly to each other:
I don't really get along with my sister's husband.
get on
get on (MANAGE) MAINLY UK phrasal verb (MAINLY US get along)
to manage or deal with a situation, especially successfully:
How are you getting on in your new flat?
We're getting on quite well with the decorating.
get on (RELATIONSHIP) MAINLY UK phrasal verb (MAINLY US get along)
to have a good relationship:
We're getting on much better now that we don't live together.
He doesn't get on with his daughter.
get along
1) PHR-V-RECIP If you get along with someone, you have a friendly relationship with them. You can also say that two people get along.
[V P with n] It's impossible to get along with him...
[pl-n V P] Although at one point their voices were raised they seemed to be getting along fine.
Syn:
get on
2) PHRASAL VERB Get along means the same as get by.
[V P prep] You can't get along without water...
[V P prep] Many older people cannot get along on just their Social Security checks.
Syn:
manage, survive
to continue to do something
ادامه دادن
Keep up the good work.
کارخوب را ادامه بده.
keep up
keep up phrasal verb (see also keep)
1. keep something ↔ up to continue doing something:
• I don’t think I can keep this up any longer.
keep up the good work! (=continue to work hard and well)
2. if a situation keeps up, it continues without stopping or changing SYN continue:
• How long can the economic boom keep up?
3. to go as quickly as someone else
keep up with
• I had to walk fast to keep up with him.
4. to manage to do as much or as well as other people OPP fall behind
keep up with
• Jack’s having trouble keeping up with the rest of the class.
keep up with the Joneses (=try to have the same new impressive possessions that other people have)
5. to continue to read and learn about a particular subject, so that you always know about the most recent facts, products etc
keep up with
• Employees need to keep up with the latest technical developments.
6. keep something ↔ up to make something continue at its present level or amount, instead of letting it decrease:
• NATO kept up the pressure on the Serbs to get out of Kosovo.
7. if one process keeps up with another, it increases at the same speed and by the same amount
keep up with
• Food production is not keeping up with population growth.
8. keep something ↔ up to continue to practise a skill so that you do not lose it:
• I used to speak French, but I haven’t kept it up.
9. keep somebody up informal to prevent someone from going to bed:
• I hope I’m not keeping you up.
10. keep your spirits/strength/morale etc up to stay happy, strong, confident etc by making an effort:
• We sang as we marched, to keep our spirits up.
11. keep up appearances to pretend that everything in your life is normal and happy even though you are in trouble, especially financial trouble
keep up
▪ I.ˌkeep ˈupderived
if particular weather keeps up, it continues without stopping
• The rain kept up all afternoon.
Main entry: keepderived
▪ II.ˌkeep ˈup (with sb/sth)derived
to move, make progress or increase at the same rate as sb/sth
• Slow down— I can't keep up!
• I can't keep up with all the changes.
• Wages are not keeping up with inflation.
Main entry: keepderived
keep up
keep up (UNDERSTAND) phrasal verb
to be able to understand or deal with something that is happening or changing very fast:
I read the papers to keep up with what's happening in the outside world.
keep (sth) up
keep (sth) up (CONTINUE) phrasal verb [M]
to continue without stopping or changing, or to continue something without allowing it to stop or change:
Keep up the good work!
keep up (with sb/sth)
keep up (with sb/sth) (STAY LEVEL) phrasal verb
If someone or something keeps up with someone or something else, they do whatever is necessary to stay level or equal with that person or thing:
He started to walk faster and the children had to run to keep up.
Wages are failing to keep up with inflation.
keep up
1) PHRASAL VERB If you keep up with someone or something that is moving near you, you move at the same speed.
[V P with n] She shook her head and started to walk on. He kept up with her. [Also V P]
2) PHRASAL VERB To keep up with something that is changing means to be able to cope with the change, usually by changing at the same rate.
[V P with n] The union called the strike to press for wage increases which keep up with inflation...
[V P] Things are changing so fast, it's hard to keep up.
3) PHRASAL VERB If you keep up with your work or with other people, you manage to do or understand all your work, or to do or understand it as well as other people.
[V P with n] Penny tended to work through her lunch hour in an effort to keep up with her work...
[V P] Life here is tough for a parent whose kids aren't keeping up in school.
4) PHRASAL VERB If you keep up with what is happening, you make sure that you know about it.
[V P with n] She did not bother to keep up with the news. [Also V P]
5) PHRASAL VERB If you keep something up, you continue to do it or provide it.
[V n P] I was so hungry all the time that I could not keep the diet up for longer than a month...
[V P n (not pron)] They risk losing their homes because they can no longer keep up the repayments.
6) PHRASAL VERB If you keep something up, you prevent it from growing less in amount, level, or degree.
[V n P] There will be a major incentive among TV channels to keep standards up...
[V P n (not pron)] Opposition forces are keeping up the pressure against the government.
Syn:
maintain
7) → See also keep 25)
to try to find a particular piece of information by looking in a book or on a list, or by using a computer
جستجو كردن، جوييدن
I didn’t know what ‘loquacious’ meant and had to look it up in a dictionary.
من معنای کلمه پرحرف را نمیدانستم و باید در فرهنگ لغات جستجو کنم.
look up
look up phrasal verb (see also look)
1. if a situation is looking up, it is improving SYN improve, get better:
• Now the summer’s here things are looking up!
2. look something ↔ up if you look up information in a book, on a computer etc, you try to find it there:
• Look the word up in your dictionary.
• I’ll just look up the train times.
3. look somebody ↔ up to visit someone you know, especially when you are in the place where they live for a different reason:
• Don’t forget to look me up when you come to Atlanta.
look up
▪ I.ˌlook ˈupderived
(informal) (of business, sb's situation, etc.) to become better
Syn: improve
• At last things were beginning to look up.
Main entry: lookderived
▪ II.ˌlook ˈup (from sth)derived
to raise your eyes when you are looking down at sth
• She looked up from her book as I entered the room.
Main entry: lookderived
look up
look up (IMPROVE) phrasal verb INFORMAL
to become better:
I hope things will start to look up in the new year.
Our financial situation is looking up at last.
look up
1) PHRASAL VERB If you look up a fact or a piece of information, you find it out by looking in something such as a reference book or a list.
[V n P] I looked your address up in the personnel file...
[V P n (not pron)] Many people have to look up the meaning of this word in the dictionary.
2) PHRASAL VERB If you look someone up, you visit them after not having seen them for a long time.
[V n P] I'll try to look him up, ask him a few questions...
[V P n (not pron)] She looked up some friends of bygone years.
Syn:
visit
3) PHRASAL VERB: usu cont If a situation is looking up, it is improving. [INFORMAL]
[V P] Things could be looking up in the computer industry.
Syn:
improve
to move towards someone, usually because you want to talk to them
برخاستن، بلند شدن
Strangers come up to him in the street and say how much they enjoy his books.
بیگانه ها برای او در خیابان برخاستند و گفتند که چقدر از کتاب او لذت بردند.
come up
come up phrasal verb (see also come)
1. if someone comes up to you, they come close to you, especially in order to speak to you:
• One of the teachers came up and started talking to me.
come up to
• A man came up to him and asked for a light.
2. if someone comes up to a place, they travel north to the place where you are
come up to
• Why don’t you come up to New York for the weekend?
3. if a subject comes up, people mention it and discuss it SYN arise:
• His name came up in the conversation.
• The subject of salaries didn’t come up.
4. if a problem or difficulty comes up, it appears or starts to affect you SYN arise:
• I’m afraid I’ll have to cancel our date – something’s come up.
• The same problems come up every time.
5. if a job or an opportunity comes up, it becomes available:
• A vacancy has come up in the accounts department.
6. to be dealt with in a law court:
• Your case comes up next week.
7. be coming up to be going to happen soon:
• With Christmas coming up, few people have much money to spare.
8. if the sun or moon comes up, it moves up into the sky where you can see it SYN rise:
• It was six o'clock, and the sun was just coming up.
9. if a plant comes up, it begins to appear above the ground:
• The first spring bulbs are just coming up.
10. if food comes up, it goes back through your mouth from your stomach after being swallowed ⇨ vomit
11. coming (right) up! spoken used to say that food or drink will be ready very soon:
• ‘Two Martinis, please.’ ‘Coming up!’
come up
▪ I.ˌcome ˈupderived
1. (of plants) to appear above the soil
• The daffodils are just beginning to come up.
2. (of the sun) to rise
• We watched the sun come up.
3. to happen
• I'm afraid something urgent has come up.
• We'll let you know if any vacancies come up.
4. to be mentioned or discussed
• The subject came up in conversation.
• The question is bound to come up at the meeting.
5. (of an event or a time) to be going to happen very soon
• Her birthday is coming up soon.
6. to be dealt with by a court
• Her divorce case comes up next month.
7. if your number, name, ticket, etc. comes up in a betting game, it is chosen and you win sth
8. (informal) (usually used in the progressive tenses) to arrive; to be ready soon
• ‘Is lunch ready?’ ‘Coming up!’
Main entry: comederived
▪ II.ˌcome ˈup (to sb)derived
to move towards sb, in order to talk to them
• He came up to me and asked me the way to the station.
Main entry: comederived
▪ III.ˌcome ˈup (to…)derived
(BrE, formal) to arrive at a university, especially Oxford or Cambridge, at the beginning of a term or in order to begin your studies
Opp: come down
Main entry: comederived
▪ IV.ˌcome ˈup (to…) (from…)derived
to come from one place to another, especially from the south of a country to the north or from a smaller place to a larger one
• Why don't you come up to Scotland for a few days?
Main entry: comederived
come up
come up (HAPPEN) phrasal verb
1 to happen, usually unexpectedly:
I've got to go - something has just come up at home and I'm needed there.
2 be coming up to be happening soon:
My exams are coming up soon.
come up (BE MENTIONED) phrasal verb
to be mentioned or talked about in conversation:
What points came up at the meeting?
come up (COMPUTER) phrasal verb
If information comes up on a computer screen, it appears there.
come up (RISE) phrasal verb
When the sun or moon comes up, it rises.
come up (OPPORTUNITY) phrasal verb
If a job or opportunity comes up, it becomes available:
A position has come up in the accounts department.
come up (MOVE TOWARDS) phrasal verb
to move towards someone:
A young girl came up to me and asked for money.
come up
1) PHRASAL VERB If someone comes up or comes up to you, they approach you until they are standing close to you.
[V P] Her cat came up and rubbed itself against their legs...
[V P to n] He came up to me and said: `Come on, John.'
2) PHRASAL VERB If something comes up in a conversation or meeting, it is mentioned or discussed.
[V P] The subject came up at a news conference in Peking today...
[V P] Jeane Kirkpatrick's name has come up a lot.
3) PHRASAL VERB If something is coming up, it is about to happen or take place.
[V P] Plan your activities so that you are rested and refreshed when something important is coming up...
[V P] We do have elections coming up.
4) PHRASAL VERB If something comes up, it happens unexpectedly.
[V P] I was delayed - something came up at home...
[V P] Other projects came up and the emphasis of my work altered.
5) PHRASAL VERB If a job comes up or if something comes up for sale, it becomes available.
[V P] A research fellowship came up at Girton and I applied for it and got it...
[V P for n] The house came up for sale and the couple realised they could just about afford it.
6) PHRASAL VERB When the sun or moon comes up, it rises.
[V P] It will be so great watching the sun come up.
7) PHRASAL VERB In law, when a case comes up, it is heard in a court of law.
[V P] He is one of the reservists who will plead not guilty when their cases come up.
to go faster so that you reach the person or vehicle in front of you
وابسته به رسيدن و سبقت گرفتن، برترى جويانه
We left before them, but they soon caught us up again.
ما زودترازآنها ترک کردیم ، اما آنها زود به ما رسیدند.
catch up
catch up phrasal verb (see also catch)
1. to improve and reach the same standard as other people in your class, group etc:
• If you miss a lot of classes, it’s very difficult to catch up.
catch up with
• At the moment our technology is more advanced, but other countries are catching up with us.
2. to come from behind and reach someone in front of you by going faster
catch up with
• Drive faster – they’re catching up with us.
catch somebody up British English:
• You go on ahead. I’ll catch you up in a minute.
3. to do what needs to be done because you have not been able to do it until now
catch up on
• I have some work to catch up on.
• I need to catch up on some sleep (=after a period without enough sleep).
4. to spend time finding out what has been happening while you have been away or during the time you have not seen someone
catch up on
• When I got home I phoned Jo to catch up on all the gossip.
• I’ll leave you two alone – I’m sure you’ve got a lot of catching up to do.
5. be/get caught up in something to be or get involved in something, especially something bad:
• I didn’t want to get caught up in endless petty arguments.
catch somebody up
ˌcatch ˈup (with sb)derived
(BrE also ˌcatch sb ˈup)
1. to reach sb who is ahead by going faster
• Go on ahead. I'll catch up with you.
• I'll catch you up.
2. to reach the same level or standard as sb who was better or more advanced
• After missing a term through illness he had to work hard to catch up with the others.
Main entry: catchderived
catch-up
ˈcatch-up7[catch-up] noun
1. uncountable the act of trying to reach the same level or standard as sb who is ahead of you
• It was a month of catch-up for them.
2. countable, singular an occasion when two or more people meet to discuss what has happened since the last time they met
• We must get together for a catch-up.
Idiom: play catch-up
catch up
catch up (DISCUSS) phrasal verb
to learn or discuss the latest news:
Let's go for a coffee - I need to catch up on all the gossip.
catch up (DO SOMETHING) phrasal verb
to do something you did not have time to do earlier:
She's staying late at the office to catch up with/on some reports.
catch up (REACH SAME STANDARD) phrasal verb
to reach the same quality or standard as someone or something else:
Will Western industry ever catch up with Japanese innovations?
He was off school for a while and is finding it hard to catch up.
catch (sb) up
catch (sb) up (REACH SOMEONE) phrasal verb
to reach someone in front of you by going faster than them:
I ran after her and managed to catch up with her.
UK Go on to the shops without me, I'll catch you up.
catch up
1) PHRASAL VERB If you catch up with someone who is in front of you, you reach them by walking faster than they are walking.
[V P] I stopped and waited for her to catch up...
[V P with n] We caught up with the nuns.
2) PHRASAL VERB To catch up with someone means to reach the same standard, stage, or level that they have reached.
[V P with n] Most late developers will catch up with their friends...
[V P] John began the season better than me but I have fought to catch up...
[V P on/in n] During the evenings, the school is used by kids who want to catch up on English and mathematics.
3) PHRASAL VERB If you catch up on an activity that you have not had much time to do recently, you spend time doing it.
[V P on/with n] I was catching up on a bit of reading.
4) PHRASAL VERB If you catch up on friends who you have not seen for some time or on their lives, you talk to them and find out what has happened in their lives since you last talked together.
[V P on n] The ladies spent some time catching up on each other's health and families...
[V P with n] She plans to return to Dublin to catch up with the relatives she has not seen since she married.
5) PHR-V-PASSIVE If you are caught up in something, you are involved in it, usually unwillingly.
[be V-ed P in n] The people themselves weren't part of the conflict; they were just caught up in it...
[get V-ed P in n] Many African women, for reasons of poverty, get caught up in the drug trade. [Also be/get V-ed P]
Syn:
involved
to start to feel happy or well again after something bad has happened to you
چيره شدن، غالب آمدن
It took him years to get over the shock of his wife dying.
سال ها طول کشید تاباشوک مرگ همسرش کناربیاید.
overcome
o‧ver‧come W3 /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm $ ˌoʊvər-/ verb (past tense overcame /-ˈkeɪm/, past participle overcome) [transitive]
[Language: Old English; Origin: ofercuman]
1. to successfully control a feeling or problem that prevents you from achieving something:
• He struggled to overcome his shyness.
• Her financial problems could no longer be overcome.
2. [usually passive] if smoke or gas overcomes someone, they become extremely sick or unconscious because they breathe it:
• The engineer was working on the freezer when he was overcome by gas.
3. if an emotion overcomes someone, they cannot behave normally because they feel the emotion so strongly
overcome with
• Charles was overcome with grief.
4. to fight and win against someone or something SYN defeat:
• Australia overcame the Netherlands 2–1.
overcome
over·come[overcomeovercomesovercameovercoming] [ˌəʊvəˈkʌm] [ˌoʊvərˈkʌm]verb(over·came [ˌəʊvəˈkeɪm]; [ˌoʊvərˈkeɪm]over·come)
1. ~ sth to succeed in dealing with or controlling a problem that has been preventing you from achieving sth
• She overcame injury to win the Olympic gold medal.
• The two parties managed to overcome their differences on the issue.
• He finally managed to overcome his fear of flying
• He overcame a strong temptation to run away.
2. ~ sb/sth to defeat sb
• In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.
3. usually passive ~ sb to be extremely strongly affected by sth
Syn: overwhelm
• Her parents were overcome with grief at the funeral.
• Overcome by curiosity, the boy looked through the window.
• The dead woman had been overcome by smoke.
Word Origin:
Old English ofercuman (see over-, come).
Thesaurus:
overcome verb T
• She overcame her fear of flying.
control • • bring/get/keep sth under control • • get over sth • |informal beat • |written conquer •
overcome/control/get over/beat/conquer a problem
bring/get/keep a problem under control
overcome/control/get over/conquer a fear
overcome/get over a difficulty/hurdle
Example Bank:
• He was suddenly overcome with remorse for the harm he had done.
• Several firefighters had been overcome by smoke and fumes.
• She felt almost overcome by a tide of relief.
• She felt quite overcome by their kindness.
• The officers on duty were visibly overcome, many of them in tears.
• Therapy helped her overcome her fear.
• These problems were never entirely overcome.
• methods designed to overcome these problems
• In the final, Sweden easily overcame France.
• She overcame strong opposition to take the title.
• There are at least two major obstacles that must be overcome.
• They managed to overcome their differences on the issue.
• This could be the year that he finally overcomes his great rival and clinches the championship.
• This problem is largely overcome by printing out a new set of data.
overcome
overcome (UNABLE TO ACT) /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/ US /ˌoʊ.vɚ-/
verb [T usually passive] overcame, overcome
to prevent someone from being able to act or think in the usual way:
They were overcome by fumes from the fire and had to be carried out of their houses.
Overcome with/by emotion, she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes.
overcome (DEAL WITH) /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/ US /ˌoʊ.vɚ-/
verb [I or T] overcame, overcome
to defeat or succeed in controlling or dealing with something:
Juventus overcame Ajax in a thrilling match.
to overcome difficulties/obstacles/problems/resistance
Eventually she managed to overcome her shyness in class.
Twenty thousand demonstrators sang "We shall overcome" as they marched through Washington today.
overcome
[o͟ʊvə(r)kʌ̱m]
overcomes, overcoming, overcame
(The form overcome is used in the present tense and is also the past participle.)
1) VERB If you overcome a problem or a feeling, you successfully deal with it and control it.
[V n] Molly had fought and overcome her fear of flying...
[V n] Find a way to overcome your difficulties.
2) VERB If you are overcome by a feeling or event, it is so strong or has such a strong effect that you cannot think clearly.
[be V-ed] The night before the test I was overcome by fear and despair...
[V n] A dizziness overcame him, blurring his vision.
Syn:
overwhelm
3) VERB: usu passive If you are overcome by smoke or a poisonous gas, you become very ill or die from breathing it in.
[be V-ed] The residents were trying to escape from the fire but were overcome by smoke.
to test something to see if it is suitable or useful or if it works
آزمودن، امتحان كردن، آزمايش كردن، مزيدن
to try a new recipe
دستور آشپزى جديدى را امتحان كردن
to attempt to do something
تلاش کردن، سعی کردن
He tried to swim faster.
او كوشيد تندتر شنا كند.
try
verb (tries, trying, tried /, has tried)
1 to make an effort to do something:
I tried to remember her name but I couldn't.
I'm not sure if I can help you, but I'll try.
2 to use or do something to find out if you like it:
Have you ever tried Japanese food?
3 to ask somebody questions in a court of law to decide if they have done something wrong:
He was tried for murder.
try and do something (informal) to try to do something:
I'll try and come early tomorrow.
try something on to put on a piece of clothing to see if you like it and if it is big enough:
I tried the jeans on but they were too small.
>> try noun (plural tries) :
I can't open this door – will you have a try?
try
I. verb
I. try1 S1 W1 /traɪ/ verb (past tense and past participle tried, present participle trying, third person singular tries)
[Word Family: adjective: trying, untried; verb: try; noun: try]
[Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: trier 'to pick out, sift', probably from Late Latin tritare 'to rub to pieces', from Latin terere 'to rub']
1. ATTEMPT [intransitive and transitive] to take action in order to do something that you may not be able to do:
• Let’s have a rest and then we’ll try again.
try to do something
• He tried to control his voice.
• She was trying not to cry.
try and do something
• Try and take some form of daily exercise.
try hard/desperately (to do something) (=make a lot of effort to do something)
• She dabbed at her face and tried hard not to sniff.
• I tried everything to lose weight with no success.
try your best/hardest (to do something) (=make as much effort as possible to do something)
• I tried my best to comfort her.
• I tried and tried (=kept making an effort) and eventually I was offered a job.
• Try as he might (=as hard as he could), he could not get the incident out of his mind.
it wasn’t for lack/want of trying (=used to say that if someone does not achieve something it is not because they have not tried)
• They didn’t get any goals, but it wasn’t for the lack of trying.
you couldn’t do something if you tried (=used to say that someone does not have the skill or ability to do something)
• She couldn’t speak French if she tried.
2. TEST/USE [transitive] to do or use something for a short while to discover if it is suitable, successful, enjoyable etc:
• It works really well – you should try it.
try doing something
• They decided they would try living in America for a while.
• Try logging off and logging on again.
try something new/different (=do or use something that is different from what you usually do or use)
• If I'm going out for a meal, I prefer to try something different.
try something on somebody/something
• We tried the machine on hardwood and soft wood.
try somebody on something
• Petra’s trying the baby on solid foods.
try something for size (=put on a piece of clothing or test something to find out if it is the correct size or suitable)
• Always try a sleeping bag for size before you buy it.
GRAMMAR
If you try to do something, you attempt to succeed in doing it:
▪ • We must try to prevent this happening.
If you try doing something, you do it in order to find out if it is enjoyable or produces the result you want:
▪ • Try using margarine instead of butter.
3. FOOD/DRINK [transitive] to taste food or drink to find out if you like it SYN taste:
• Would you like to try some crisps?
4. TRY TO FIND SOMEBODY/SOMETHING [intransitive and transitive] to go to a place or person, or call them, in order to find something or someone:
• Sorry, he’s not in. Would you like to try again later?
• Let’s try Mouncy Street. He could be there.
5. DOOR/WINDOW [transitive] to attempt to open a door, window etc in order to see if it is locked:
• She tried the door and it opened.
• He tried the handle but the door was locked.
6. LAW [transitive usually passive] to examine and judge a legal case, or someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime in a court ⇨ trial
be tried for something
• He was tried for attempting to murder his wife.
• The defence argued that a regional court was not competent to try their case.
7. try sb’s patience to make someone feel impatient ⇨ trying:
• The programs take too long to load and try the patience of young pupils.
8. try your hand at something to try a new activity in order to see whether it interests you or whether you are good at it:
• I tried my hand at water-skiing for the first time.
9. try your luck to try to achieve something or get something you want, usually by taking a risk:
• After the war my father went to Canada to try his luck at farming.
10. try it on (with somebody) British English spoken
a) to behave badly in order to find out how bad you can be before people become angry:
• She is naughty, that one. She tries it on with me sometimes!
b) to attempt to start a sexual relationship with someone:
• When I came back in, one of the men was trying it on with my wife!
• • •
COLLOCATIONS■ adverbs
▪ hard • She was trying hard not to show her impatience.
▪ desperately • They try desperately to please other people.
▪ unsuccessfully/in vain • He has tried unsuccessfully to quit smoking.
▪ try your best/hardest (=make as much effort as possible) • Try your best to block out other distractions.
• • •
THESAURUS
▪ try to take action in order to do something that you may not be able to do: • I tried to explain what was wrong. | • He tries hard in class, but he’s finding the work difficult.
▪ attempt to try to do something, especially something difficult. Attempt is more formal than try and is used especially in written English: • Any prisoner who attempts to escape will be shot. | • He was attempting to climb one of the world’s highest mountains.
▪ do your best to try as hard as you can to do something: • We will do our best to help them.
▪ make an effort to do something to try to do something, when you find this difficult: • It is worth making an effort to master these skills. | • She made a big effort to be nice to him.
▪ struggle to try very hard to do something that is very difficult, especially for a long time: • She’s still struggling to give up smoking. | • Many of these families are struggling to survive.
▪ strive formal to try very hard to achieve something: • The company must constantly strive for greater efficiency.
▪ endeavour British English, endeavor American English /ɪnˈdevə $ -ər/ formal to try hard to do something: • Each employee shall endeavour to provide customers with the best service possible.
▪ have a go/try informal to try to do something, especially when you are not sure that you will succeed: • I’m not very good at fixing taps, but I’ll have a go. | • Do you want to have another try?
▪ see if you can do something spoken to try to do something – used when offering to do something, or suggesting that someone should do something: • I’ll see if I can get you a ticket. | • See if you can persuade her to come.
try for something phrasal verb British English
to try and get something you really want, such as a job, a prize, or a chance to study somewhere:
• I decided I must try for some paid work.
• We have been trying for a baby (=trying to have a baby) for nine years.
try something ↔ on phrasal verb
to put on a piece of clothing to see if it fits you or if it suits you, especially in a shop:
• Meg was trying on some red sandals.
try something ↔ out phrasal verb
1. to test something such as a method or a piece of equipment to see if it is effective or works properly ⇨ try-out:
• I’m trying out a new computer.
2. to practise a skill in order to improve it
try something ↔ out on
• She enjoyed trying her French out on Jean-Pierre.
try out for something phrasal verb American English
to try to be chosen as a member of a team, for a part in a play etc SYN audition for ⇨ tryout:
• In high school, I tried out for all the female leads.
try
try[trytriestriedtrying]verb,noun [traɪ] [traɪ]
verb(tries, try·ing, tried, tried)
1. intransitive, transitive to make an attempt or effort to do or get sth
• I don't know if I can come but I'll try.
• ~ to do sth What are you trying to do?
• I tried hard not to laugh.
• You haven't even tried to find it.
• Don't try to do it too quickly.
• ~ your best/hardest (to do sth) She tried her best to solve the problem.
• Just try your hardest. In spoken English try can be used with and plus another verb, instead of with to and the infinitive
• I'll try and get you a new one tomorrow.
• Try and finish quickly. In this structure, only the form try can be used, not tries, trying or tried.
2. transitive to use, do or test sth in order to see if it is good, suitable, etc
• ~ sth Have you tried this new coffee? It's very good.
• ‘Would you like to try some raw fish?’ ‘Why not? I'll try anything once!’
• Have you ever tried windsurfing?
• Try these shoes for size — they should fit you.
• She tried the door, but it was locked.
• ~ doing sth John isn't here. Try phoning his home number. Notice the difference between try to do sth and try doing sth
• You should try to eat more fruit. means ‘You should make an effort to eat more fruit.’; You should try eating more fruit. means ‘You should see if eating more fruit will help you’ (to feel better, for example).
3. transitive to examine evidence in court and decide whether sb is innocent or guilty
• ~ sb (for sth) He was tried for murder.
• ~ sth The case was tried before a jury.
more at do/try your damnedest at damnedest, do/try your level best (to do sth) at level adj., these things are sent to try us at thing
Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French trier ‘sift’, of unknown origin. Sense 1 of the noun dates from the early 17th cent.
Example Bank:
• Can you guys at least try and be nice to her?
• Can't you do it? Let me try.
• Do you actively try to get involved in other people's projects?
• He wouldn't hesitate to try and kill them.
• I clumsily tried to make amends.
• I dare you to try and stop her.
• I decided to try again.
• I hope you're not going to try and deny it.
• I hurriedly tried to unlock the door.
• I tried my best not to laugh.
• I was just trying to help!
• I wondered if he was purposely trying to avoid me.
• I'm constantly trying to make things better.
• I've given up trying to persuade her.
• Sam was trying hard not to laugh.
• She didn't even bother to try to check on her son.
• She tried valiantly to smile through her tears.
• She was trying desperately to stay afloat.
• We have to continue to try to learn more about this.
• a treason charge for allegedly trying to overthrow the government by force
• ‘Would you like to try some raw fish?’ ‘Why not? I'll try anything once.’
• Don't try to do it too quickly.
• Have you tried this new coffee? It's very good.
• I don't know if I can come but I'll try.
• I'll try and get you a new one tomorrow.
• John isn't here. Try phoning his home number.
• Try these shoes for size — they should fit you.
• You haven't even tried to find it.
Idioms: not for want of trying ▪ try it on ▪ try somebody's patience ▪ try your hand ▪ try your luck
Derived: try for something ▪ try out for something ▪ try somebody out ▪ try something on
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
try / traɪ / verb [ I or T ] (ATTEMPT)
A2 to attempt to do something:
Keep trying and you'll find a job eventually.
If I don't get into the academy this year, I'll try again next year.
I've tried really hard but I can't persuade him to come.
I'm trying my best/hardest , but I just can't do it.
[ + to infinitive ] I tried to open the window.
[ + -ing verb ] Perhaps you should try gett ing up (= you should get up) earlier.
try / traɪ / verb (TEST)
B1 [ T ] to test something to see if it is suitable or useful or if it works:
I tried that recipe you gave me last night.
I'm afraid we don't sell newspapers - have you tried the shop on the corner?
[ + -ing verb ] Try us ing a different shampoo.
I thought I might try parachut ing .
I've forgotten my door-keys - we'd better try the window (= test it to see if it is open) .
tried and tested/trusted ( US tried and true ) used by many people and proved to be effective:
Most people would prefer to stick to tried and true methods of birth control.
try / traɪ / verb [ T ] (LAW)
C2 to examine a person accused of committing a crime in a law court by asking them questions and considering known facts, and then decide if they are guilty:
Because of security implications the officers were tried in secret.
They are being tried for murder.
→ See also trial noun (LEGAL PROCESS)
try / traɪ / verb [ T ] (WORRY)
to worry or annoy someone or upset a person's patience with many, often slight, difficulties:
The demands of the job have tried him sorely .
He's been trying my patience all morning with his constant questions.
Her endless demands would try the patience of a saint (= are very annoying) .
© Cambridge University Press 2013
try
[tra͟ɪ]
tries, trying, tried
1) VERB If you try to do something, you want to do it, and you take action which you hope will help you to do it.
[V to-inf] He secretly tried to block her advancement in the Party...
[V to-inf] Try to make the effort to work your way through all of your tasks one at a time...
[V adv] Does it annoy you if others do things less well than you would, or don't seem to try hard enough?...
[V -ing] I tried calling him when I got here but he wasn't at home...
No matter how bad you feel, keep trying.
N-COUNT
Try is also a noun. It wasn't that she'd really expected to get any money out of him; it had just seemed worth a try... After a few tries Patrick had given up any attempt to reform his brother.
2) VERB To try and do something means to try to do it. [INFORMAL]
[V and inf] He has started a privatisation programme to try and win support from the business community...
[V and inf] I must try and see him.
3) VERB If you try for something, you make an effort to get it or achieve it.
[V for n] My partner and I have been trying for a baby for two years...
[V for n] He said he was going to try for first place next year.
4) VERB If you try something new or different, you use it, do it, or experience it in order to discover its qualities or effects.
[V n] It's best not to try a new recipe for the first time on such an important occasion...
[V n] I've tried everything from herbal cigarettes to chewing gum...
[V -ing] I have tried painting the young shoots with weed poisoner, but this does not kill them off.
N-COUNT: usu sing
Try is also a noun. If you're still sceptical about exercising, we can only ask you to trust us and give it a try.
5) VERB If you try a particular place or person, you go to that place or person because you think that they may be able to provide you with what you want.
[V n] Have you tried the local music shops?
6) VERB If you try a door or window, you try to open it.
[V n] Bob tried the door. To his surprise it opened.
7) VERB When a person is tried, he or she has to appear in a law court and is found innocent or guilty after the judge and jury have heard the evidence. When a legal case is tried, it is considered in a court of law.
[be V-ed for n] He suggested that those responsible should be tried for crimes against humanity...
[be V-ed] Whether he is innocent or guilty is a decision that will be made when the case is tried in court...
[V n] The military court which tried him excluded two of his lawyers...
[V n] Why does it take 253 days to try a case of fraud?
8) N-COUNT In the game of rugby, a try is the action of scoring by putting the ball down behind the goal line of the opposing team.
The French, who led 21-3 at half time, scored eight tries.
9) → See also tried, trying
10) PHRASE: with neg, it v-link PHR, PHR with cl If you say that something fails but not for want of trying or not for lack of trying, you mean that everything possible was done to make it succeed.
Not all is perfect, but it isn't for want of trying.
11) to try your best → see best
to try your hand → see hand
to try your luck → see luck
to try someone's patience → see patience
Phrasal Verbs:
- try on
- try out
- try out for
1try /ˈtraɪ/ verb tries; tried; try·ing
1 : to make an effort to do something : to attempt to accomplish or complete something
[no obj]
• I don't know if I can do it, but I'll try.
• Keep trying. You can do it.
• You can do it if you try hard enough.
• “He said he can beat you.” “I'd like to see him try!”
• I tried, but I just couldn't do it.
• “She's not in the office now.” “OK. I'll try again later.”
• If you don't succeed the first time, try, (and) try again.
• He still hasn't found a job, but it is not for lack/want of trying. [=he has been trying to find a job but he has not found one]
[+ obj]
• I tried my best/hardest [=I tried very hard, I did everything that I could do], but I just couldn't do it.
- often followed by to + verb
• He tried to move the sofa by himself.
• Please try not to make any noise.
• I was only trying to help!
• You should try to exercise more.
- often followed by and + verb
• Try and relax.
• Try and think of another example. synonyms see1attempt
2 [+ obj] : to do or use (something) in order to see if it works or will be successful
• I don't know where she is. Try calling her on her cell phone.
• Try her cell phone.
• He tried a few things to remove the stain, but nothing worked.
• Try (pressing) that button.
• Did you try restarting the computer?
• If you want to lose weight, try exercising more.
• She tried a karate move on him.
• He tried the switch, and the lights flickered on.
• I tried (opening) the door, but it was locked.
• No, we don't sell those. Try the store across the street.
• I tried several hotels, but there were no rooms available.
- often + out
• If you can't solve the problem, you should try out a different approach.
3 [+ obj]
a : to do or use (something) in order to find out if you like it
• He never wants to try anything new.
• I tried skiing for the first time last winter.
• Have you ever tried teaching?
- often + out
• He decided to try the car out.
• She has tried out many different jobs but can't find one she likes.
b : to taste (food or drink) to find out what it is like
• You should try the cake. It's excellent.
• “Would you like to try some caviar?” “Sure—I'll try anything once.”
• Try a little bite.
4 [+ obj] : to test how good, strong, etc., something or someone is
• “These are the times that try men's souls.” Thomas Paine, “The Crisis” (1776) -
• “Oh, you probably don't know the answer!” “Try me.” [=ask me the question]
• You are trying my patience. [=you are making me lose my patience and become angry]
5 [+ obj]
a : to examine and make a decision about (a legal case) - usually used as (be) tried
• The case was tried in a federal court.
b : to have a trial to decide if someone is innocent or guilty - usually used as (be) tried for
• He was tried for murder. [=he was put on trial for murder]
try for [phrasal verb] try for (something) : to make an attempt or effort to get (something)
• You've already won $100. Do you want to try for more?
• He tried for second place but finished third instead.
• She tried for the job and got it.
• They have been trying for a baby [=trying to have a baby] for several years.
try it on Brit informal
1 : to behave badly so that someone becomes annoyed or angry - often + with
• Don't take any notice of him—he's only trying it on with you.
2 : to try to start a sexual relationship with someone - often + with
• He tried it on with a girl at the pub.
try on [phrasal verb] try on (something) or try (something) on : to put on (a piece of clothing, a pair of shoes, etc.) in order to see how it fits and looks
• This is the fifth dress you've tried on.
• Try this shoe on for size. [=put on this shoe to see if it is the correct size]
try out [phrasal verb] chiefly US : to compete for a position on an athletic team or a part in a play
• She tried out [=auditioned] and got the lead role.
- often + for
• He tried out for the golf team.
- see also 1try 2, 3 (above), tryout
try your damnedest
- see damnedest
try your hand
- see 1hand
try your luck
- see 1luck
to make information or documents available
(كتاب و فيلم و غيره) انتشار، پخش كردن، منتشر كردن، عرضه كردن
release a new album
انتشار یک آلبوم جدید
release
I. verb
I. re‧lease1 S2 W2 AC /rɪˈliːs/ verb [transitive]
[Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: relessier, from Latin relaxare; ⇨ relax]
1. LET SOMEBODY GO to let someone go free, after having kept them somewhere ⇨ free, discharge:
• Police arrested several men, who were later released.
• The bears are eventually released into the wild.
release somebody from something
• He was released from the hospital yesterday.
2. MAKE PUBLIC to let news or official information be known and printed SYN publish:
• The new trade figures have just been released.
3. FILM/RECORD to make a CD, video, film etc available for people to buy or see:
• A version of the game for Mac computers will be released in February.
4. STOP HOLDING/DROP to stop holding or drop something:
• Thousands of bombs were released over Dresden.
release your grip/hold (on somebody/something)
• The sudden noise made him release his hold on her arm.
5. FEELINGS to express or get rid of feelings such as anger or worry:
• Physical exercise is a good way of releasing stress.
6. CHEMICAL to let a substance flow out
release something into something
• Oil was released into the sea.
7. FROM A DUTY to allow someone not to do their duty or work:
• Because of rising costs, the company released 10% of their workforce.
release somebody from something
• Williams asked to be released from her contract.
8. MACHINERY to allow part of a piece of machinery or equipment to move from the position in which it is fastened or held:
• Release the handbrake first.
II. noun
II. re‧lease2 S3 W2 AC noun
1. FROM PRISON [singular, uncountable] when someone is officially allowed to go free, after being kept somewhere:
• Before release, the sea lions are fitted with electronic tracking devices.
release from
• Simon has obtained early release from prison.
2. RECORD/FILM
a) [countable] a new CD, video, film etc that is available to buy or see:
• the band’s latest release
b) be on (general) release if a film is on release, you can go and see it in a cinema:
• The film is on general release.
3. FEELINGS [singular, uncountable]
a) freedom to show or express your feelings:
• Playing an instrument can be a form of emotional release.
b) a feeling that you are free from the worry or pain that you have been suffering:
• treatment that will bring a release from pain
4. CHEMICALS [uncountable] when a chemical, gas etc is allowed to flow out of its usual container
release into
• the release of toxic waste into the rivers
5. OFFICIAL STATEMENT [uncountable and countable] an official statement, report etc that is made available to be printed or broadcast, or the act of making it available SYN publication:
• October 22nd is the date set for the report’s release. ⇨ press release
6. MACHINE [countable] a handle, button etc that can be pressed to allow part of a machine to move
release
re·leaseAW[releasereleasesreleasedreleasing]verb,noun [rɪˈliːs] [rɪˈliːs]
verb
SET SB/STH FREE
1. to let sb/sth come out of a place where they have been kept or trapped
• ~ sb/sth to release a prisoner/hostage
• ~ sb/sth from sth Firefighters took two hours to release the driver from the wreckage.
• (figurative) Death released him from his suffering.
STOP HOLDING STH
2. ~ sth to stop holding sth or stop it from being held so that it can move, fly, fall, etc. freely
Syn: let go, Syn: let loose
• He refused to release her arm.
• 10 000 balloons were released at the ceremony.
• Intense heat is released in the reaction.
FEELINGS
3. ~ sth to express feelings such as anger or worry in order to get rid of them
• She burst into tears, releasing all her pent-up emotions.
FREE SB FROM DUTY
4. to free sb from a duty, responsibility, contract, etc
• ~ sb The club is releasing some of its older players.
• ~ sb from sth The new law released employers from their obligation to recognize unions.
PART OF MACHINE
5. ~ sth to remove sth from a fixed position, allowing sth else to move or function
• to release the clutch/handbrake/switch, etc.
MAKE LESS TIGHT
6. ~ sth to make sth less tight
• You need to release the tension in these shoulder muscles.
MAKE AVAILABLE
7. ~ sth to make sth available to the public
• Police have released no further details about the accident.
• to release a movie/book/CD
• new products released onto the market
8. ~ sth to make sth available that had previously been restricted
• The new building programme will go ahead as soon as the government releases the funds.
Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French reles (noun), relesser (verb), from Latin relaxare ‘stretch out again, slacken’, from re- (expressing intensive force) + laxus ‘lax, loose’.
Thesaurus:
release verb
1. T
• The kidnappers have agreed to release the hostages by 12 noon.
free • • set sb/sth free • • let sb go • • liberate • • ransom • • let sb/sth loose • |formal emancipate •
Opp: imprison
release/free/set free/liberate/emancipate sb from sth
release/free/set free/let go/liberate/ransom a prisoner/hostage
release/free an animal/a bird into the wild
Release, free or set sb/sth free? Free emphasizes the decision to let sb go; release emphasizes the physical act of letting sb go. Set sb/sth free is often used when sb/sth is freed by force, not authority
• Rioters stormed the prison and set all the prisoners free.
2. T
• Firefighters took two hours to release the driver from the wreckage.
• He refused to release her arm.
free • • let (sb/sth) go • • cut • • disentangle • |formal disengage •
release/free/cut/disentangle/disengage sb/sth from sth
release/free/disentangle/disengage yourself from sth
release/free/let go of/disentangle/disengage your/sb's arm/hand
3. T
• Police have released no further details about the accident.
issue • • publish • • print • • publicize • • circulate •
release/issue/publish/print/circulate a report/details
release/issue/publish/print a document/statement/description
release/issue/publish a new title/edition
Example Bank:
• Details of the attack have not yet been released to the public.
• Figures to be officially released this week reveal that long-term unemployment is still rising.
• He was released on his own recognizance and could face up to four years in jail.
• He's planning to release a solo album.
• How much radiation was released into the air?
• Police have refused to release the name of the dead man.
• She laughed, the tension inside her suddenly released.
• She was released from prison last week.
• The album has not been released on CD.
• The album was originally released in 1974.
• The book has not yet been released in paperback.
• The committee is expected to release its findings this summer.
• The compound slowly releases iron into the bloodstream.
• The dam suddenly released millions of gallons of water.
• The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.
• The film was never released theatrically in the US.
• The hostages were released unharmed.
• The new version is expected to be released shortly.
• newly released recordings
• the gases that are released from aerosols
• He was released without charge after questioning by police.
• It's been three years since he was released from prison.
• Now release the clutch and move away from the kerb.
• Several people charged with minor crimes were released without trial.
• She was released immediately when the soldiers realized their mistake.
• She was released on bail by the New York police.
• The birds were cleaned and fed and released again into the wild.
• The government is insisting that the men are released unconditionally.
• The kidnappers have agreed to release the hostages by 12 noon.
• The organization has released a report drawing attention to the appalling conditions.
• There have been a lot of new products released onto the market.
• They were interrogated before being released.
• When was the film first released?
• to release a catch/a screw/a nut/the clutch/the brakes
noun
SETTING SB/STH FREE
1. uncountable, singular ~ (of sb) (from sth) the act of setting a person or an animal free; the state of being set free
• The government has been working to secure the release of the hostages.
• She can expect an early release from prison.
MAKING STH AVAILABLE
2. uncountable, singular the act of making sth available to the public
• The new software is planned for release in April.
• The movie goes on general release (= will be widely shown in cinemas/movie theaters) next week.
3. countable a thing that is made available to the public, especially a new CD or film/movie
• the latest new releases
OF GAS/CHEMICAL
4. uncountable, countable the act of letting a gas, chemical, etc. come out of the container where it has been safely held
• the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
• to monitor radiation releases
FROM UNPLEASANT FEELING
5. uncountable, singular the feeling that you are free from pain, anxiety or some other unpleasant feeling
• a sense of release after the exam
• I think her death was a merciful release.
• It's just a release of tension.
see also press release
Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French reles (noun), relesser (verb), from Latin relaxare ‘stretch out again, slacken’, from re- (expressing intensive force) + laxus ‘lax, loose’.
Example Bank:
• All societies have social mechanisms for the release of tension.
• Crying gave some emotional release.
• He has announced the release of his new album.
• He negotiated the release of American prisoners of war.
• He was granted early release.
• I am anxiously awaiting the release of the next volume.
• I've been eagerly awaiting this film's release on DVD.
• Laughter is an important release valve for feelings of frustration.
• On completing his prison sentence Smith will serve three years of supervised release.
• She saw death as a welcome release from pain.
• Sometimes we just need some release from the pressure.
• The controversy threatens to delay the movie's release.
• The film never got a theatrical release but went straight to video.
• The film will go on general release in November.
• The judge authorized the release of the information.
• The movie is already in/on general release.
• The new CD releases will be out on Friday.
• The outraged public demanded her release.
• The senator demanded the immediate release of the full report.
• There have been calls for his immediate and unconditional release.
• Under the current release schedule, the series will be available on DVD early next year.
• a publicity tour for the upcoming release of her autobiography
• his release from hospital
• The movie goes on general release next week.
release
release (MAKE PUBLIC) /rɪˈliːs/
verb [T]
1 to allow something to be shown in public or to be available for use:
Police have released a picture of the man they want to question.
The minister has released a statement explaining the reasons for his resignation.
2 If a company releases a film or musical recording, it allows the film to be shown in cinemas, or makes the musical recording available for the public to buy:
The band's latest album will be released next week.
release /rɪˈliːs/
noun
1 [U] when something is shown in public or made available for use:
There are strict rules on the release of official information.
2 [C] a written statement which gives information to be broadcast or published:
The Department of Transport has issued a press release about the proposals for the new motorway.
3 [C] a musical recording which is made available for the public to buy:
Her latest release, a song about doomed love, she wrote herself.
4 be UK on/US in general release If a film is on/in general release, it is available to be shown in cinemas:
The latest film from Disney goes on general release next month.
release (MAKE FREE) /rɪˈliːs/
verb [T]
1 to give freedom or free movement to someone or something:
He was released from prison after serving two years of a five-year sentence.
She was arrested for shoplifting but was released on bail (= after paying a sum of money to the law court).
FIGURATIVE The operation released him from years of pain.
2 to move a device from a fixed position to allow it to move freely:
He released the handbrake and the car jumped forwards.
3 to fire a bomb or a missile, or to allow it to fall:
The plane released its bombs at 10 000 feet.
4 to allow a substance to flow out from somewhere:
Coal power stations release sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere.
Hormones are released from glands into the bloodstream.
5 to express a feeling which you have been trying not to show:
He punched the pillow in an effort to release his anger.
release /rɪˈliːs/
noun
1 [S or U] when someone is allowed to leave prison, etc:
Her early release from prison led to a demonstration.
2 [U] when something flows out from somewhere:
The accident caused the release of radioactivity into the atmosphere.
3 [S or U] a feeling that you are free from something unpleasant:
I noticed a release of tension when he left the room.
After years of suffering, his death came as a merciful release.
release
[rɪli͟ːs]
releases, releasing, released
1) VERB: usu passive If a person or animal is released from somewhere where they have been locked up or looked after, they are set free or allowed to go.
[be V-ed from n] He was released from custody the next day...
[be V-ed from n] He is expected to be released from hospital today...
[be V-ed from n] Fifty-five foxes were released from a fur farm by animal rights activists...
[be V-ed] He was released on bail.
2) N-COUNT: with supp When someone is released, you refer to their release.
He called for the immediate release of all political prisoners.
...the secret negotiations necessary to secure hostage releases...
Serious complications have delayed his release from hospital.
3) VERB If someone or something releases you from a duty, task, or feeling, they free you from it. [FORMAL]
[V n from n] Divorce releases both the husband and wife from all marital obligations to each other...
[V n] This releases the teacher to work with individuals who are having extreme difficulty.
N-UNCOUNT: also a N, oft N from N
Release is also a noun. Our therapeutic style offers release from stored tensions, traumas and grief... They look on life at college as a blessed release from the obligation to work.
4) VERB To release feelings or abilities means to allow them to be expressed.
[V n] Becoming your own person releases your creativity...
[V n] I personally don't want to release my anger on anyone else...
[V n] Humour is wonderful for releasing tension.
N-UNCOUNT
Release is also a noun. She felt the sudden sweet release of her own tears.
5) VERB If someone in authority releases something such as a document or information, they make it available.
[V n] They're not releasing any more details yet...
[V-ed] Figures released yesterday show retail sales were down in March.
N-COUNT: with supp
Release is also a noun. Action had been taken to speed up the release of cheques.
6) VERB If you release someone or something, you stop holding them. [FORMAL]
[V n] He stopped and faced her, releasing her wrist.
[V n] ...the twisting action before a bowler releases the ball.
Syn:
let go
7) VERB If you release a device, you move it so that it stops holding something.
Wade released the hand brake and pulled away from the curb.
8) VERB If something releases gas, heat, or a substance, it causes it to leave its container or the substance that it was part of and enter the surrounding atmosphere or area.
[V n] ...a weapon which releases toxic nerve gas...
[V n] The contraction of muscles uses energy and releases heat...
[V n] The drug is surgically implanted into a woman's arm where it gradually releases the hormones into the body.
N-COUNT: with supp
Release is also a noun. Under the agreement, releases of cancer-causing chemicals will be cut by about 80 per cent.
9) VERB When an entertainer or company releases a new record, video, or film, it becomes available so that people can buy it or see it.
[V n] He is releasing an album of love songs.
10) N-COUNT A new release is a new record, video, or film that has just become available for people to buy or see.
Of the new releases that are out there now, which do you think are really good?
11) N-UNCOUNT: on N If a film or video is on release or on general release, it is available for people to see in public cinemas or for people to buy.
The video has sold three million copies in its first three weeks on release.
12) → See also day release, news release, press release
to organize the work and money involved in making a film, play, television programme, CD etc
توليد كردن، (فيلم و تلويزيون و غيره) تهيه كردن
produce a song
تولید کردن یک آهنگ
produce
I. verb
I. pro‧duce1 S1 W1 /prəˈdjuːs $ -ˈduːs/ verb [transitive]
[Word Family: noun: produce, producer, product, production, reproduction, productivity; adjective: productive ≠ unproductive, counterproductive, reproductive, reproducible; verb: produce, reproduce; adverb: productively]
[Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: producere, from ducere 'to lead']
1. CAUSE to cause a particular result or effect ⇨ product:
• New drugs are producing remarkable results.
• a rise in sea level produced by climatic change
• As a policy, it did not produce the desired effect.
2. CREATE/MAKE to make, write etc something to be bought, used, or enjoyed by people ⇨ product, production:
• The factory produces an incredible 100 cars per hour.
• How did you manage to produce a meal so quickly? ⇨ mass-produced
3. MAKE NATURALLY to grow something or make it naturally ⇨ product, production:
• This region produces the grapes used in champagne.
• Plants produce oxygen.
4. SHOW if you produce an object, you bring it out or present it, so that people can see or consider it:
• When challenged, he produced a gun.
• They were unable to produce any statistics to verify their claims.
5. PLAY/FILM if someone produces a film or play, they find the money for it and control the way it is made ⇨ producer:
• Costner produced and directed the film.
6. BABY to give birth to a baby or young animals:
• An adult cat may produce kittens three times a year.
• • •
THESAURUS
▪ make used about things you make yourself, or things that are made in a factory: • Diane makes all her own clothes. | • My camera was made in China.
▪ produce to make something in large quantities to be sold, or to make something as the result of a natural process: • The factory produces high-quality steel. | • Japan produces some of the most advanced mobile phones. | • The pancreas is a gland in your body which produces hormones.
▪ create to make something new and original: • Tarantino created a whole new style of films. | • Many companies invest a lot of money in creating new products. | • Potter was famous for creating characters such as ‘Peter Rabbit’. | • This technique is used to create images of beautiful forests.
▪ manufacture to make machines, cars, equipment etc in factories: • The company manufactures aircraft parts.
▪ mass-produce to make very large quantities of something in a factory: • They developed a way to mass-produce the drug.
▪ develop to design and make something new over a period of time: • In 1962, Enders developed an effective vaccine against measles. | • The company is developing new anti-virus software.
▪ form to make something as the result of a natural process or chemical reaction: • Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. | • The research will help us understand how planets are formed.
▪ generate to make something such as heat, electricity, or power: • Wind can be used to generate electricity.
II. noun
II. prod‧uce2 /ˈprɒdjuːs $ ˈproʊduːs/ noun [uncountable]
[Word Family: noun: produce, producer, product, production, reproduction, productivity; adjective: productive ≠ unproductive, counterproductive, reproductive, reproducible; verb: produce, reproduce; adverb: productively]
food or other things that have been grown or produced on a farm to be sold
agricultural/organic etc produce
• fresh local produce
dairy produce British English (=milk, butter, cheese etc)
• • •
COLLOCATIONS■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + produce
▪ organic produce (=produced without artificial chemicals) • There is increased demand for organic produce.
▪ agricultural/farm produce • The government bought surplus agricultural produce from farmers.
▪ garden produce • She had filled a basket with her garden produce.
▪ local produce • Local produce is used wherever possible.
▪ fresh produce • Wash all fresh produce before use.
▪ dairy produce British English (=milk, butter, cheese etc) • Vitamin A can also be obtained from dairy produce and eggs.
produce
pro·duce[produceproducesproducedproducing]verb,noun
verb [prəˈdjuːs]; [prəˈduːs]
GOODS
1. ~ sth to make things to be sold, especially in large quantities
Syn: manufacture
• a factory that produces microchips
see also mass-produce
MAKE NATURALLY
2. ~ sth to grow or make sth as part of a natural process; to have a baby or young animal
• The region produces over 50% of the country's wheat.
• These shrubs produce bright red berries.
• Our cat produced kittens last week.
• Her duty was to produce an heir to the throne.
CREATE WITH SKILL
3. ~ sth to create sth, especially when skill is needed
• She produced a delicious meal out of a few leftovers.
RESULT/EFFECT
4. ~ sth to cause a particular result or effect
Syn: bring about
• A phone call to the manager produced the result she wanted.
• The drug produces a feeling of excitement.
SHOW/BRING OUT
5. ~ sth (from/out of sth) to show sth or make sth appear from somewhere
• He produced a letter from his pocket.
• At the meeting the finance director produced the figures for the previous year.
PERSON
6. ~ sb if a town, country, etc. produces sb with a particular skill or quality, the person comes from that town, country, etc
• He is the greatest athlete this country has ever produced.
MOVIE/PLAY
7. ~ sth to be in charge of preparing a film/movie, play, etc. for the public to see
• She produced a TV series about adopted children.
Word Origin:
late Middle English (in sense 5 of the verb): from Latin producere, from pro- ‘forward’ + ducere ‘to lead’. Current noun senses date from the late 17th cent.
Thesaurus:
produce verb
1. T
• a factory that produces microchips
manufacture • • make • • mass-produce • • turn sb/sth out • |informal, disapproving churn sth out •
a factory that produces/manufactures/makes cars/mainframes/microchips
produce/manufacture/make/turn out/churn out 900 cars a week
produce/turn out/churn out books/articles
Produce or manufacture? Manufacture is more often used in business contexts and emphasizes the process of making goods; produce emphasizes the finished product.
2. T
• Our cat produced a litter of four kittens.
have • • breed • • give birth • • reproduce • |formal literary bear •
produce/breed sth from sth
produce/have/give birth to/bear a/an child/son/daughter/heir
produce/have/give birth to baby/litter
produce/bear fruit
3. T
• He produced a delicious meal out of leftovers.
make • • create • • generate • • develop • |especially spoken do •
produce/make/create/generate sth from/out of sth
produce/make/create a meal
produce/create/generate income/profits/wealth
produce/generate electricity/heat/power
4. T
• A phone call to the manager produced the desired result.
bring sth about • • result in sth • • lead (sth) to sth • • cause • • create • • prompt • • provoke • • set sth off • |formal give rise to sth • |approving stimulate •
produce/bring about/result in/lead to/cause/prompt/give rise to a/an change/increase/shift
produce/result in/lead to/cause/create/give rise to problems/difficulties
produce/lead to/cause/create/prompt/provoke/give rise to/stimulate speculation
5. T
• She produces the school play every year.
put sth on • |especially spoken do • |especially written present • • stage •
produce/put on/do/present/stage a play/show
a company produces/puts on/does/presents/stages a play/show
Word Family:
produce verb
producer noun
production noun
productive adjective (≠ unproductive)
productively adverb
product noun
produce noun
Synonyms:
make
do • create • develop • produce • generate • form
These words all mean to make sth from parts or materials, or to cause sth to exist or happen.
make • to create or prepare sth by combining materials or putting parts together; to cause sth to exist or happen: ▪ She makes her own clothes. ◊ ▪ She ▪ made a good impression ▪ on the interviewer.
do • (rather informal) to make or prepare sth, especially sth artistic or sth to eat: ▪ He did a beautiful drawing of a house. ◊ ▪ Who's doing the food for the party?
create • to make sth exist or happen, especially sth new that did not exist before: ▪ Scientists disagree about how the universe was created.
make or create?
Make is a more general word and is more often used for physical things: you would usually make a table/dress/cake but create jobs/wealth. You can use create for sth physical in order to emphasize how original or unusual the object is: ▪ Try this new dish, created by our head chef.
develop • (used especially in business contexts) to think of and produce a new product: ▪ to develop new software
produce • to make things to be sold; to create sth using skill: ▪ a factory that produces microchips
generate • to produce or create sth, especially power, money or ideas: ▪ to generate electricity ◊ ▪ Brainstorming is a good way of generating ideas.
form • [often passive] to make sth from sth else; to make sth into sth else: ▪ Rearrange the letters to form a new word. ◊ ▪ The chain is formed from 136 links.
to make/create/develop/produce/generate/form sth from/out of sth
to make/form sth into sth
to make/produce wine
to create/develop a new product
to create/produce/generate income/profits/wealth
to produce/generate electricity/heat/power
Synonyms:
product
goods • commodity • merchandise • produce
These are all words for things that are produced to be sold.
product • a thing that is produced or grown, usually to be sold: ▪ to create/develop/launch a new product
goods • things that are produced to be sold: ▪ cotton/leather goods ◊ ▪ electrical goods
commodity • (economics) a product or raw material that can be bought and sold, especially between countries: ▪ rice, flour and other basic commodities
merchandise • [U] goods that are bought or sold; things that you can buy that are connected with or advertise a particular event or organization: ▪ official Olympic merchandise
goods or merchandise?
Choose goods if the emphasis is on what the product is made of or what it is for: ▪ leather/household goods. Choose merchandise if the emphasis is less on the product itself and more on its brand or the fact of buying/selling it.
produce • [U] things that have been grown or made, especially things connected with farming: ▪ We sell only fresh local produce.
consumer/industrial products/goods/commodities
household products/goods
farm products/produce
luxury products/goods/commodities
to sell/market a product/goods/a commodity/merchandise/produce
to export a product/goods/a commodity/merchandise
to buy/purchase a product/goods/a commodity/merchandise/produce
Example Bank:
• All of these processes combine to produce a particular form of language.
• He moved to California intending to produce a third novel.
• The changes have not consistently produced the desired results.
• The letter has been produced with digital technology.
• The series was obviously cheaply produced.
• The technology can be used to produce interactive educational programs.
• The wine is produced from Chardonnay grapes.
• These goods are more efficiently produced in small associations.
• Which method is likely to produce the best results?
• a professionally produced CD
• a slickly produced thriller
• fruit and vegetables that are produced locally
• organically produced food
• the 700 million bottles of Bordeaux produced annually
• the sale of sustainably produced timber
• the sounds that are typically produced by an American orchestra
• this handsomely produced reference work
• He argued that wealth is produced by the labour power of the workers.
• Our cat produced a litter of kittens last week.
• The country produces more than two million barrels of oil per day.
• The drug produced an improvement in all but one case.
• The drug produces a feeling of great happiness and excitement.
• The prime minister's speech produced an angry response from opposition parties.
• The questionnaire produced 9 000 replies.
• The region produces over 50% of the country's wheat.
• Their strategy produced the desired outcome.
• These stores sell items which are produced and sold by cooperatives.
• the wine-producing regions of France
noun [ˈprɒdjuːs]; [ˈprɑːduːs]; [ˈproʊduːs]uncountable
things that have been made or grown, especially things connected with farming
• farm produce
• The shop sells only fresh local produce.
• It says on the label ‘Produce of France’.
Word Origin:
late Middle English (in sense 5 of the verb): from Latin producere, from pro- ‘forward’ + ducere ‘to lead’. Current noun senses date from the late 17th cent.
Word Family:
produce verb
producer noun
production noun
productive adjective (≠ unproductive)
productively adverb
product noun
produce noun
Example Bank:
• I'm eating more fresh produce than ever.
• There was limited access to quality produce.
• fresh farm produce
• We sell only fresh local produce.
produce
produce (RESULT IN) /prəˈdjuːs/ US /-ˈduːs/
verb [T]
to result in or discover something, especially proof:
A lengthy police investigation failed to produce any evidence on which the suspect could be convicted.
produce (CAUSE) /prəˈdjuːs/ US /-ˈduːs/
verb [T]
to cause a reaction or result:
The prime minister's speech produced an angry response from the opposition.
Her remarks produced an awkward silence.
If used on delicate skin, this cream may produce a stinging sensation.
produce (BRING OUT) /prəˈdjuːs/ US /-ˈduːs/
verb [T]
to bring something out from somewhere and show it:
He produced a letter from his desk which he asked me to read.
One of the men suddenly produced a knife from his pocket.
production /prəˈdʌk.ʃən/
noun [U] FORMAL
Entry to the club is only permitted on production (= the showing) of a membership card.
produce (RECORDING) /prəˈdjuːs/ US /-ˈduːs/
verb [T]
to be in charge of making a musical recording and to be responsible for the arrangement of the music, the combination of the different instruments or voices and the general sound of it
producer /prəˈdjuː.səʳ/ US /-ˈduː.sɚ/
noun [C]
a person who makes the practical and financial arrangements needed to make a CD or other recording:
a record producer
production /prəˈdʌk.ʃən/
noun [U]
the preparation and general quality of a musical recording's sound, showing the way in which the music was recorded rather than the quality of the singing and the music:
George Martin did the production on the Beatles records.
produce (FILM/BROADCASTING) /prəˈdjuːs/ US /-ˈduːs/
verb [T]
to organize the practical and financial matters connected with the preparation of a film, play or television or radio programme
Compare direct (CONTROL).
producer /prəˈdjuː.səʳ/ US /-ˈduː.sɚ/
noun [C]
a person who makes the practical and financial arrangements needed to make a film, play, television or radio programme:
a film/Hollywood/movie producer
Compare director at direct (CONTROL).
production /prəˈdʌk.ʃən/
noun
1 [C or U] the activity of organizing the practical and financial matters connected with the preparation of a film, play or television or radio programme:
She's hoping to get into television production.
Disney's latest production (= film) looks likely to be their most successful ever.
2 [C] a particular series of performances of a theatrical entertainment such as a play or opera:
They're doing a new production of Macbeth at the National Theatre.
produce (MAKE) /prəˈdjuːs/ US /-ˈduːs/
verb [T]
1 to make something or bring something into existence:
France produces a great deal of wine for export.
Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow.
She works for a company that produces (= makes for sale) electrical goods.
I was wondering whether I could produce a meal out of what's left in the fridge.
She's asked me to produce a report on the state of the project.
2 When animals produce young, they give birth to them:
Our cat produced four kittens during the course of the night.
HUMOROUS All our friends seem to be busy producing offspring at the moment.
produce /ˈprɒd.juːs/ US /ˈprɑː.djuːs/
noun [U]
food or any other substance or material that is grown or obtained through farming, especially that which is produced in large amounts:
agricultural/dairy/fresh produce
producer /prəˈdjuː.səʳ/ US /-ˈduː.sɚ/
noun [C]
a company, country or person that provides goods, especially those which are produced by an industrial process or grown or obtained through farming, usually in large amounts:
egg producers
gas/oil producers
Australia is one of the world's main producers of wool.
product /ˈprɒd.ʌkt/ US /ˈprɑː.dʌkt/
noun [C or U]
1 something that is made to be sold, usually something that is produced by an industrial process or, less commonly, something that is grown or obtained through farming:
They do a range of skin-care products.
The product is so good it sells itself.
I'm trying to cut down on dairy products.
See also by-product.
2 a/the product of sth a/the result of something:
A figure like that is usually the product of many hours spent in the gym.
She had a very happy childhood, and I guess her confidence is a product of that.
production /prəˈdʌk.ʃən/
noun [U]
1 the process of making or growing goods to be sold:
Coke is used in the production of steel.
We saw a quick film showing the various stages in the production of glass.
The company's new model will be going into production early next year.
2 the amount of something that is made or grown by a country or a company:
Swedish industrial production has fallen steadily this year.
Wheat production has risen over the years.
productive /prəˈdʌk.
adjective
1 resulting in or providing a large amount or supply of something:
In order to turn the deserts into fertile and productive land, engineers built an 800-mile canal.
He had an amazingly productive five years in which he managed to write four novels.
NOTE: The opposite is unproductive.
2 having positive results:
We had a very productive meeting - I felt we sorted out a lot of problems.
Theirs was a very productive partnership.
productively
adverb
Their working system is based on the belief that people work more productively (= produce better results) in a team.
productivity
noun [U]
the rate at which a company or country makes goods, usually judged in connection with the number of people and the amount of materials necessary to produce the goods:
Studies show that if a working environment is pleasant, productivity increases.
a productivity bonus/incentive
Productivity in the steel industry improved by 5% last year.
produce
produces, producing, produced
(The verb is pronounced [prədju͟ːs, AM -du͟ːs]u>. The noun is pronounced [prɒ̱djuːs, AM -duːs]u> and is hyphenated prod+uce.)
1) VERB To produce something means to cause it to happen.
[V n] The drug is known to produce side-effects in women...
[V n] Talks aimed at producing a new world trade treaty have been under way for six years.
Syn:
bring about
2) VERB If you produce something, you make or create it.
[V n] The company produced circuitry for communications systems...
I'm quite pleased that we do have the capacity to produce that much food.
3) VERB When things or people produce something, it comes from them or slowly forms from them, especially as the result of a biological or chemical process.
[V n] These plants are then pollinated and allowed to mature and produce seed...
[V-ed] Acid rain forms when gases produced by burning coal and oil are dissolved in the atmosphere.
4) VERB If you produce evidence or an argument, you show it or explain it to people in order to make them agree with you.
[V n] They challenged him to produce evidence to support his allegations...
[V n] Scientists have produced powerful arguments against his ideas.
Syn:
come up with
5) VERB If you produce an object from somewhere, you show it or bring it out so that it can be seen.
[V n] To hire a car you must produce a passport and a current driving licence...
[V n] She produced the knife during arguments with her friends.
6) VERB If someone produces something such as a film, a magazine, or a record, they organize it and decide how it should be done.
[V n] He has produced his own sports magazine called Yes Sport...
[V n] He produced `A Chorus Line', Broadway's longest running show.
7) N-UNCOUNT Produce is food or other things that are grown in large quantities to be sold.
We manage to get most of our produce in Britain...
Winter produce will cost more for the next few weeks.
to do something in front of an audience in order to entertain them, for example by acting in a play or singing
اجرا كردن، ايفا كردن، (موسيقى) زدن، نواختن
The pianist performed well.
پيانيست اجراى خوبى را ارائه داد.
perform
per‧form S3 W2 /pəˈfɔːm $ pərˈfɔːrm/ verb
[Word Family: noun: performance, performer; verb: perform; adjective: performing]
[Date: 1300-1400; Language: Anglo-French; Origin: performer, from Old French perfournir, from fournir 'to complete']
1. [intransitive and transitive] to do something to entertain people, for example by acting a play or playing a piece of music:
• Chenier and the band are performing at the Silver Palace tomorrow.
• The children perform two plays each school year.
► Do not use perform to say what person an actor pretends to be in a play, film etc. Use play: John Wayne played (NOT performed) a Roman soldier in the film.
2. [transitive] to do something, especially something difficult or useful SYN carry out:
• Surgeons performed an emergency operation.
• The official opening ceremony was performed by Princess Margaret.
perform a study/experiment/analysis etc
• An analysis of the survey data was performed.
perform a task/job/duty
• She was fired for not performing the duties outlined in her contract.
perform a function/role
• software that performs a specific function
• The leadership cannot be expected to perform miracles (=improve a situation in a way that seems impossible).
REGISTER
In everyday English, people usually say that someone carries out an operation, a study etc rather than use perform:
▪ • The operation was carried out by a team of surgeons.
3. perform well/badly etc
a) to work or do something well, badly etc ⇨ underperform:
• Many religious schools perform well academically.
• The team performed poorly on Saturday.
b) if a product, business etc performs well or badly, it makes a lot of money or very little money:
• The economy is performing well.
• • •
COLLOCATIONS(for Meaning 2)■ nouns
▪ perform a task/job/duty etc • What skills do you need to perform this task?
▪ perform work • Over 6,000 people in our community of 100,000 perform volunteer work.
▪ perform an experiment/study etc • Part of the Chemistry exam involves performing an experiment.
▪ perform an operation • The surgeon who performed the operation said it had gone well.
▪ perform a ceremony • At 3 o'clock, the opening ceremony was performed by the Queen.
▪ perform a service • Our troops are performing a remarkable service and a terribly important mission.
▪ perform a function/role • The two organizations perform similar functions.
▪ perform an action • The children sing and perform the actions to nursery songs.
▪ perform miracles (=do things that seem impossible) • I'm prepared to work hard to get the job done but I can't perform miracles.
• • •
THESAURUS
▪ do to do something – used in the following phrases: do your work/homework etc: • It usually takes me a couple of hours to do my homework. | do the shopping/cooking/washing etc: • She’s gone to the supermarket to do the shopping. | do a test/experiment/some research: • The doctor did some tests. | • Fraser spent some time in Egypt doing some archaeological research. | • Scientists are doing research on two types of vaccine. | do a course: • Have you decided which course you want to do at university?
▪ make to do something – used in the following phrases: make a speech: • The Prince made a short speech. | make a comment/suggestion/joke: • Can I make a suggestion? | make a decision: • The committee will meet to make their final decision. | make a mistake: • I think someone has made a mistake.
▪ give to do something – used in the following phrases: give a talk/speech/lecture: • They’ve asked him to give a talk. | give a performance: • The band gave a brilliant performance.
▪ take to do something – used in the following phrases: take a test/exam: • Kate’s taking her driving test tomorrow. | take a bath/shower: • I think I’ll go and take a shower. | take a walk: • Normally, he took a walk in the evenings.
▪ commit to do something that is a crime, especially a serious crime: commit a crime: • The crime was committed in the early hours of the morning. | commit a robbery/murder etc: • Dixon later admitted committing the robbery.
▪ carry out something to do something – used in the following phrases: carry out your work: • The violence is making it difficult for firefighters to carry out their work. | carry out a task/duty: • He still managed to carry out his duties. | carry out a survey/test/some research: • The hospital carries out research into skin diseases. | carry out an operation: • The operation was carried out at a hospital in Paris. | carry out a threat/promise: • They didn’t carry out their threat to kill the hostages. | carry out sb’s orders/instructions/wishes: • I’m sure I can rely on you to carry out my instructions.
▪ perform to do something. Perform is more formal than carry out, and is used in the following phrases: perform a task/duty: • The job mostly involves performing administrative tasks. | perform an operation: • A team of surgeons performed the operation.
▪ conduct to do something – used in the following phrases: conduct a survey/study/experiment: • They conducted a survey of approximately 2,000 people living in the area. | conduct an inquiry/investigation: • The police are conducting an investigation into the cause of the fire. | conduct an interview: • Knowing how to conduct a successful interview is a skill. | conduct a campaign: • People were unimpressed by the way in which the election campaign was conducted.
▪ go about something to do your work or the things that you usually do, especially when something serious has happened: go about your work/business: • The next day she went about her business as if nothing had happened.
▪ get on with something spoken especially British English to start doing something that you should have started already or to continue doing something that you stopped doing for a short time: • I need to get on with my homework.
▪ be up to something spoken to be doing something that you think is probably bad, although you do not know exactly what it is: • I’m sure they’re up to something. | • What’s Jake up to? He’s been upstairs in his room all day.
perform
per·form[performperformsperformedperforming] [pəˈfɔːm] [pərˈfɔːrm]verb
1. transitive ~ sth to do sth, such as a piece of work, task or duty
Syn: carry out
• to perform an experiment/a miracle/a ceremony
• She performs an important role in our organization.
• This operation has never been performed in this country.
• A computer can perform many tasks at once.
2. transitive, intransitive ~ (sth) to entertain an audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc
• to perform somersaults/magic tricks
• The play was first performed in 2007.
• I'd like to hear it performed live.
• to perform on the flute
• I'm looking forward to seeing you perform.
3. intransitive ~ (well/badly/poorly) to work or function well or badly
• The engine seems to be performing well.
• The company has been performing poorly over the past year.
• If Rooney performs (= performs well) then I believe England can win.
• She performed less well in the second test.
see work/perform miracles at miracle
Word Origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French parfourmer, alteration (by association with forme ‘form’) of Old French parfournir, from par ‘through, to completion’ + fournir ‘furnish, provide’.
Thesaurus:
perform verb
1. T (especially written)
• A computer can perform many tasks at once.
do • • carry sth out • • go through sth • • commit • |formal conduct • • undertake • |BrE, formal practise • |AmE, formal practice •
perform/do/carry out/conduct/undertake a/an/the work/activity/investigation/assessment
perform/do/carry out/undertake a task/job
perform/do/carry out/practise surgery
Perform or carry sth out? Perform often emphasizes the skill involved in doing sth; carry sth out often emphasizes the amount of work involved:
• perform miracles
¤ carry out miracles Perform is not used about negative actions:
• carry out an attack
¤ perform an attack
2. T
• The play was first performed in 2007.
play • • act • • put sth on • • produce • |especially spoken do • |written stage • • present •
perform/play/act in/put on/produce/do/stage/present a play/show
perform/play/do a piece
perform/play/do sth live/in public
3. I
• The company has performed poorly over the past year.
especially BrE get on/along • |especially spoken do • • go • |especially written fare •
perform/get on/do/go/fare well
perform/do/go brilliantly/excellently/badly
Perform or fare? A person or company that performs well is successful because of what they do; a person or group that fares well is successful because they are lucky or because conditions are right. These two words cannot be used about events:
• The interview went well.
¤ The interview performed/fared well.
Example Bank:
• I've never seen this play performed before.
• One or two of the players performed brilliantly.
• The car performed poorly at high speeds.
• The company has been performing strongly over the past year.
• The group will be performing live on tonight's show.
• The play was first publicly performed in 1872.
• The prince is no longer able to perform his duties.
• The two artists have never performed together before.
• Who ensures that tasks are properly performed?
• failure to perform a contract
• students who are expected to perform well
• those who faithfully perform their duties
• All subjects performed the experiment twice.
• He performed a few magic tricks at the party.
• He performed miracles to get everything ready in time.
• I'd like to hear it performed live.
• I'm looking forward to seeing you perform.
• If Rooney performs then I believe England can win.
perform
perform (ENTERTAIN) /pəˈfɔːm/ US /pɚˈfɔːrm/
verb [I or T]
to entertain people by dancing, singing, acting or playing music:
She composes and performs her own music.
A major Hollywood star will be performing on stage tonight.
The council plans to ban circuses with performing animals.
performance /pəˈfɔː.mənts/ US /pɚˈfɔːr-/
noun [C]
1 the action of entertaining other people by dancing, singing, acting or playing music:
a performance of Arthur Miller's play, 'The Crucible'
She gave a superb performance as Lady Macbeth.
2 MAINLY UK INFORMAL a performance an action or behaviour that involves a lot of attention to detail or to small matters that are not important:
Cleaning the oven is such a performance.
What a performance! Please stop shouting!
3 repeat performance when an event or a situation happens again:
The police hope to avoid a repeat performance of last year, when the festivities turned into rioting.
performer /pəˈfɔː.məʳ/ US /pɚˈfɔːr.mɚ/
noun [C]
a person who entertains people by acting, singing, dancing or playing music:
He's a brilliant performer.
perform (DO) /pəˈfɔːm/ US /pɚˈfɔːrm/
verb [T]
1 to do an action or piece of work:
Computers can perform a variety of tasks.
The operation will be performed next week.
Most of the students performed well in the exam.
2 perform well/badly to operate/not operate satisfactorily:
The equipment performed well during the tests.
These tyres perform badly/poorly in hot weather.
performance /pəˈfɔː.mənts/ US /pɚˈfɔːr-/
noun [C or U]
how well a person, machine, etc. does a piece of work or an activity:
Some athletes take drugs to improve their performance.
High-performance (= Fast, powerful and easy to control) cars are the most expensive.
This was a very impressive performance by the young player, who scored 12 points within the first 10 minutes.
performer /pəˈfɔː.məʳ/ US /pɚˈfɔːr.mɚ/
noun [C]
If you are a particular type of performer, you are able to do the stated thing well or badly:
The British boat was the star performer in the race.
perform
[pə(r)fɔ͟ː(r)m]
performs, performing, performed
1) VERB When you perform a task or action, especially a complicated one, you do it.
[V n] We're looking for people of all ages who have performed outstanding acts of bravery, kindness or courage...
[V n] His council had had to perform miracles on a tiny budget...
[V n] Several grafts may be performed at one operation.
2) VERB If something performs a particular function, it has that function.
[V n] A complex engine has many separate components, each performing a different function.
3) VERB If you perform a play, a piece of music, or a dance, you do it in front of an audience.
[V n] Gardiner has pursued relentlessly high standards in performing classical music...
[V n] This play was first performed in 411 BC...
He began performing in the early fifties, singing and playing guitar.
4) VERB If someone or something performs well, they work well or achieve a good result. If they perform badly, they work badly or achieve a poor result.
[V adv] He had not performed well in his exams...
[V adv] England performed so well against France at Wembley...
[V adv] `State-owned industries will always perform poorly,' John Moore informed readers...
[V adv] When there's snow and ice, how's this car going to perform?
