vacation

vacation

vacation [noun]

[C or U]  US a holiday, especially when you are travelling away from home for pleasure

US /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ 
UK /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ 

 تعطيلى‌ (تعطيلات‌)، مرخصى‌

مثال: 

to be on vacation

در تعطيلات‌ بودن‌

A holiday, or time spent not working

معادل فارسی: 

تعطيلى‌ (تعطيلات‌)، مرخصی

مثال انگلیسی: 

we are allowed to take two weeks of vacation with pay annually.

ما مجاز هستيم‌ كه‌ هرسال‌ دو هفته‌ مرخصى‌ با حقوق‌ بگيريم‌.‏

Oxford Essential Dictionary

vacation

 noun (American) (British holiday)
a period of time when you are not working or studying:
They're on vacation in Hawaii.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

vacation

I. vacation1 S2 W3 /vəˈkeɪʃən $ veɪ-/ BrE AmE noun
[Date: 1300-1400; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin vacatio 'freedom', from vacare; ⇨ ↑vacant]
1. [uncountable and countable] especially American English a holiday, or time spent not working:
We're planning a vacation in Europe.
on vacation
He's on vacation this week.
We're planning to go on vacation soon.
2. [uncountable] especially American English the number of days, weeks etc that you are allowed as paid holiday by your employer:
How much vacation do you get at your new job?
I think I have four vacation days left.
Employees are entitled to four weeks’ paid vacation annually.
3.
a) [countable] British English one of the periods of time when a university is closed
the Christmas/Easter/summer/long vacation
b) [uncountable and countable] American English one of the periods of time when a school or university is closed
Christmas/spring/summer vacation
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
take/have a vacation We usually take a vacation once a year.
go on vacation I'm going on vacation next month.
need a vacation You're working too hard. You need a vacation.
spend a vacation Where did you spend your vacation?
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + vacation
a summer vacation What did you do on your summer vacation?
a family vacation We had to cancel the family vacation.
a long vacation She decided to take a long vacation.
a short vacation a short vacation at the beach
a two-week/three-day etc vacation
■ vacation + NOUN
a vacation spot (=a place for a vacation) The island is my favorite vacation spot.
a vacation day (=a day away from work on vacation) You could take a sick day or a vacation day.
vacation plans (=an idea about what you want to do on your vacation) Do you have any vacation plans this summer?
■ COMMON ERRORS
► Do not say 'have vacation'. Say be on vacation.
• • •
THESAURUS
vacation especially American English, holiday especially British English time you spend away from school or work: Are you taking a vacation this summer? | We met on holiday in Cyprus. | What are you doing in the school holidays?
holiday a day that is set by law, when no one has to go to work or school: the Thanksgiving holiday | New Year's Day is a national holiday. | In 2002, there was an extra public holiday to mark the Queen's golden jubilee. | the August bank holiday (=day when all the banks and shops are closed – used in British English)
break a time when you stop working or studying in order to rest, or a short vacation from school: a ten-minute coffee break | Lots of college kids come to the beaches during the spring break.
leave a time when you are allowed not to work: We get four weeks' annual leave (=paid time off work each year). | He has been taking a lot of sick leave (=time off work because you are ill) recently. | Angela is on maternity leave (= time off work when having a baby). | He was given compassionate leave (=time off work because someone close to you has died, is very ill etc) to go to his father's funeral.
sabbatical [usually singular] a period when someone, especially a teacher, stops doing their usual work in order to study or travel: She was on sabbatical for six months. | I'm thinking of taking a sabbatical.
furlough a period of time when a soldier or someone working in another country can return to their own country as a holiday: While on furlough, he and his girlfriend got married.
R & R (rest and relaxation) a holiday, especially one given to people in the army, navy etc after a long period of hard work or during a war: Soldiers in Vietnam were taken to Hawaii for R & R.
II. vacation2 BrE AmE verb [intransitive] American English
to go somewhere for a holiday
vacation in/at
The Bernsteins are vacationing in Europe.
 

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

vacation

vac·ation [vacation vacations vacationed vacationing] noun, verb   [vəˈkeɪʃn]   [vəˈkeɪʃn]    [veɪˈkeɪʃn]    [veɪˈkeɪʃn] 

noun
1. countable (in Britain) one of the periods of time when universities or courts of law are closed; (in the US) one of the periods of time when schools, colleges, universities or courts of law are closed
the Christmas/Easter/summer vacation
(BrE) the long vacation (= the summer vacation)

see also  vac

2. (NAmE) (BrE holi·day) uncountable, countable a period of time spent travelling or resting away from home
They're on vacation in Hawaii right now.
You look tired— you should take a vacation.
The job includes two weeks' paid vacation.
a vacation home  
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin vacatio(n-), from vacare ‘be unoccupied’.  
Culture:
holidays and vacations
Holiday in American English means a day that is special for some reason. Most people do not go to work on an important holiday, but may do so on a minor one. Few people have to work on federal (= national) holidays such as New Year's Day or Independence Day, though they may celebrate St Valentine's Day or Groundhog Day but still go to work or school. Apart from the main federal holidays each state decides its own holidays. The period from Thanksgiving to the end of the year when there are several important holidays is called the holiday season or simply the holidays (e.g. Stores are getting ready for the holiday season.). In British English, special days like New Year’s Day are called bank holidays or public holidays.
Holiday in British English also means a period of time spent away from work or school, usually of a week or longer. This is called a vacation in American English. So, the period of several weeks around Christmas when schools are closed is called the Christmas holiday in Britain and the Christmas vacation in the US.
Holiday and vacation are also used to refer to the period when people go away for a time to a beach resort or to the country, or go travelling. British people have about four weeks’ paid leave from their jobs. Most take their main holiday in the summer. People without children of school age often go on holiday in the off season when prices are lower and there are fewer other holidaymakers. Some people stay in Britain for their holiday, but many rent a cottage in the country or go to beach resorts in Europe for one or two weeks. Some travel to the US or visit India, the Far East and other parts of the world. Many British people going abroad buy package holidays sold on the Internet or through high-street travel agents, which include transport, accommodation and sometimes excursions in the price. Some people see their holidays as an opportunity to relax in the sun, but others prefer activity holidays during which they can visit famous buildings or go walking in the countryside. A few go to a holiday centre, often called a holiday village, which provides entertainment for all the family. People often arrange their holiday a long time in advance and look forward to it through the winter. Many people also have a short break, usually three or four days, e.g. at a country cottage in Britain or in a European city.
Americans have less paid vacation, typically two weeks. People with important jobs or who have worked in their company for many years may have longer vacations. People with low-paid jobs in shops, fast food restaurants, etc, often have no paid vacation at all.
The typical family vacation in the US involves driving to a destination within the country. Some people visit relatives or go sightseeing in cities like Washington, DC, or New York. The national parks, like Yellowstone National Park or the Grand Canyon, are also popular, and people sometimes rent a cabin (BrE cottage) in the country. Families often go to amusement parks like Disney World in Florida. People who do not drive usually fly to a place as air fares are relatively cheap. Package tours are not very common and most Americans arrange their transport and accommodation separately.
Many Americans have not been on vacation outside North America. However, Europe has always been a popular destination for people wanting to travel further, and trips to South America and the Far East are increasingly common, especially with younger travellers. Cruises (= journeys by ship, visiting different places) to the Caribbean or Alaska have also become very popular. 
British/American:
holiday / vacation
You use holiday (or holidays) in BrE and vacation in NAmE to describe the regular periods of time when you are not at work or school, or time that you spend travelling or resting away from home: I get four weeks’ holiday/vacation a year. He’s on holiday/vacation this week. I like to take my holiday/vacation in the winter. the summer holidays/vacation.
In NAmE a holiday (or a public holiday) is a single day when government offices, schools, banks and businesses are closed: The school will be closed Monday because it’s a holiday. This is called a bank holiday in BrE.
The holidays is used in NAmE to refer to the time in late December and early January that includes Christmas, Hanukkah and the New Year.
Vacation in BrE is used mainly to mean one of the periods when universities are officially closed for the students. 
Collocations:
Travel and tourism
Holidays/vacations
have/take (BrE) a holiday/(NAmE) a vacation/a break/a day off/(BrE) a gap year
go on/be on holiday/vacation/leave/honeymoon/safari/a trip/a tour/a cruise/a pilgrimage
go backpacking/camping/hitchhiking/sightseeing
plan a trip/a holiday/a vacation/your itinerary
book accommodation/a hotel room/a flight/tickets
have/make/cancel a reservation/(especially BrE) booking
rent a villa/(both BrE) a holiday home/a holiday cottage
(especially BrE) hire/ (especially NAmE) rent a car/bicycle/moped
stay in a hotel/a bed and breakfast/a youth hostel/a villa/(both BrE) a holiday home/a caravan
cost/charge $100 a/per night for a single/double/twin/standard/(BrE) en suite room
check into/out of a hotel/a motel/your room
pack/unpack your suitcase/bags
call/order room service
cancel/cut short a trip/holiday/vacation
Foreign travel
apply for/get/renew a/your passport
take out/buy/get travel insurance
catch/miss your plane/train/ferry/connecting flight
fly (in)/travel in business/economy class
make/have a brief/two-day/twelve-hour stopover/(NAmE also) layover in Hong Kong
experience/cause/lead to delays
check (in)/collect/get/lose (your) (especially BrE) luggage/(especially NAmE) baggage
be charged for/pay excess baggage
board/get on/leave/get off the aircraft/plane/ship/ferry
taxi down/leave/approach/hit/overshoot the runway
experience/hit/encounter severe turbulence
suffer from/recover from/get over your jet lag/travel sickness
The tourist industry
attract/draw/bring tourists/visitors
encourage/promote/hurt tourism
promote/develop ecotourism
build/develop/visit a tourist/holiday/(especially BrE) seaside/beach/ski resort
work for/be operated by a major hotel chain
be served by/compete with low-cost/(especially NAmE) low-fare/budget airlines
book sth through/make a booking through/use a travel agent
contact/check with your travel agent/tour operator
book/be on/go on a package deal/holiday/tour
buy/bring back (tacky/overpriced) souvenirs 
Example Bank:
Employees no longer have a fixed number of vacation days.
He hadn't taken a real vacation in years.
I have put in for vacation time.
I hope the bad weather didn't ruin your vacation.
I may go on an extended vacation to Bermuda.
I wasn't able to use all of my vacation time last year.
I wrote the essay during the Christmas vacation.
I'm going travelling in the vacation.
Military personnel receive a month of paid vacation.
Most students get vacation jobs.
Orlando is a popular vacation resort for British tourists.
She needed a little vacation to clear her head.
She took a well-deserved vacation to Mexico.
She was going to spend her vacation in Hawaii all by herself.
She went home to her parents for the Easter vacation.
Students had a two-week vacation at the end of December.
The President cut short his working vacation by two days.
The long summer vacation breaks the rhythm of instruction.
The sisters are on summer vacation with their family.
He has a private jet and a vacation home in Switzerland.
He went on vacation some time last week.
How was your vacation?
Let us help you with your vacation plans!
She's gone on vacation to Massachusetts.
The area is a popular vacation choice for families.
The couple had left for a European vacation.
The job includes two weeks' paid vacation.
The schools were closed for summer vacation.
The senator is on vacation in Maine.
Their son is home on vacation.
They usually go on a ski vacation this time of year.
Vacation time and other benefits were cut.
• When I got back from my vacation, there was a letter waiting for me.

• the long vacation

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

vacation / veɪˈkeɪ.ʃ ə n / noun

A1 [ C or U ] US a holiday, especially when you are travelling away from home for pleasure:

We're taking a vacation in June.

They went to Europe on vacation.

I've still got some vacation left before the end of the year.

[ C ] mainly US ( UK informal vac ) a period of the year when schools or colleges are closed, or when law courts do not operate:

the Christmas/Easter/summer/long vacation

 

vacation verb [ I ] US

Remember that time we were vacationing in Vermont?

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

vacation

/vəkeɪʃ(ə)n, AM veɪ-/
(vacations, vacationing, vacationed)

1.
A vacation is a period of the year when universities and colleges, and in the United States also schools, are officially closed.
During his summer vacation he visited Russia...
= holiday
N-COUNT

2.
A vacation is a period of time during which you relax and enjoy yourself away from home. (AM; in BRIT, use holiday)
They planned a late summer vacation in Europe...
We went on vacation to Puerto Rico.
N-COUNT: also on/from N

3.
If you have a particular number of days’ or weeks’ vacation, you do not have to go to work for that number of days or weeks. (AM; in BRIT, use holiday)
N-UNCOUNT

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1va·ca·tion /veɪˈkeɪʃən/ noun, pl -tions
1 US : a period of time that a person spends away from home, school, or business usually in order to relax or travel

[count]

• We had a restful vacation [=(Brit) holiday] at the beach.
• Family vacations were a high point in my childhood.

[noncount]

- often used in the phrase on vacation
• I'll be on vacation [=(Brit) on holiday] next week.
• They're on vacation in Rome.
- often used before another noun
• We had to cancel our vacation plans.
• a popular vacation spot [=a place where many people like to travel]
• His parents have a beautiful vacation home [=a house that someone lives in during vacations] by the lake.
2 [noncount] chiefly US : the number of days or hours per year for which an employer agrees to pay workers while they are not working
• When are you taking vacation this year?
• All employees are given three weeks vacation. [=they will be paid for 15 days that they do not work per year]
• Employees are entitled to 120 hours of paid vacation.
• I don't have any vacation days left.
3 [count]
a US : a time when schools, colleges, and universities are closed
• winter/spring/summer vacation
• We have a one-week vacation in February.
• The university will be closed for Christmas/Easter vacation.
b Brit : a time when universities and courts of law are closed
• She spent most of her long vacations [=summer vacations] at her parents' house.

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