B1 (متوسط)

musician

mu·si·cian [musician musicians]   [mjuˈzɪʃn]    [mjuˈzɪʃn]  noun
a person who plays a musical instrument or writes music, especially as a job
• a jazz/rock musician  
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Old French musicien, from Latin musica, from Greek mousikē (tekhnē) ‘(art) of the Muses’, from mousa ‘muse’.  
Thesaurus:
musician noun C
• The musicians came back on stage and bowed.
performer • • singer • • artist • • artiste • • entertainer •
a talented/famous musician/performer/singer/artist/entertainer 
Example Bank:
• She had toured as a backing musician for Madonna.

• You have to be a very dedicated musician to get to the top.

hope

hope [hope hopes hoped hoping] verb, noun   [həʊp]    [hoʊp] 

verb intransitive, transitive
to want sth to happen and think that it is possible
• ~ (for sth) We are hoping for good weather on Sunday.
• All we can do now is wait and hope.
• ‘Do you think it will rain?’ ‘ I hope not.’
• ‘Will you be back before dark?’ ‘ I hope so, yes.’
• The exam went better than I'd dared hope.
• I'll see you next week, I hope.
• ~ (that)… I hope (that) you're okay.
• I can only hope (that) there has been some mistake.
• Detectives are hoping (that) witnesses will come forward.
• Let's hope we can find a parking space.
• it is hoped (that)… It is hoped that over £10 000 will be raised.
• ~ to do sth She is hoping to win the gold medal.
• We hope to arrive around two.
• What had he hoped to achieve?  Hope can be used in the passive in the form it is hoped that…. For must always be used with hope in other passive sentences
• The improvement that had been hoped for never came.
• The hoped-for improvement never came.
more at cross my heart (and hope to die) at  cross 
Verb forms:

 
Word Origin:
late Old English hopa (noun), hopian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch hoop (noun), hopen (verb), and German hoffen (verb).  
Thesaurus:
hope verb I, T
• We're hoping for good weather on Sunday.
wish • • aspire • • wait • • set your heart on sth • |especially journalism set your sights on sth •
Opp: despair of sth
hope/wish/wait for sth
hope/wish that…
hope/aspire/wait to do sth  
Example Bank:
• He secretly hoped that she wouldn't be home.
• I hardly dared to hope the plan would succeed.
• I only hope you're right.
• I sincerely hope that you will be successful.
• They hoped desperately that their missing son would come home.
• We are hoping for good weather.
• ‘Do you think it will rain?’ ‘I hope not.’
• ‘Will you be back before dark?’ ‘I hope so, yes.’
• I can only hope there has been some mistake.
• Let's hope we can find a parking space.
• The exam went better than I'd dared hope.
• We're hoping for good weather on Sunday.

Idioms: I should hope so ▪ beyond hope ▪ hold out little hope ▪ hope against hope ▪ hope for the best ▪ hope springs eternal ▪ in the hope of something ▪ in the hope that … ▪ not have a hope ▪ not hold out any/much hope ▪ so I should hope ▪ some hope! 

noun
1. uncountable, countable a belief that sth you want will happen
• ~ (of sth) There is now hope of a cure.
• ~ (for sb/sth) Hopes for the missing men are fading.
• ~ (that…) There is little hope that they will be found alive.
• ~ (of doing sth) They have given up hope of finding any more survivors.
• She has high hopes of winning (= is very confident about it).
• The future is not without hope.
• Don't raise your hopes too high, or you may be disappointed.
• I'll do what I can, but don't get your hopes up.
• There is still a glimmer of hope.

• The situation is not good but we live in hope that it will improve.

2. countable ~ (of/for sth) | ~ (for sb) | ~ (that…) | ~ (of doing sth) something that you wish for
• She told me all her hopes, dreams and fears.

• They have high hopes for their children.

3. countable, usually singular ~ (of sth) | ~ (for sb) a person, a thing or a situation that will help you get what you want
• He turned to her in despair and said, ‘You're my last hope.’
• The operation was Kelly's only hope of survival.
more at dash sb's hopes at  dash  _v., pin (all) your hopes on sb/sth at  pin 
Word Origin:
late Old English hopa (noun), hopian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch hoop (noun), hopen (verb), and German hoffen (verb).  
Thesaurus:
hope noun
1. U, C
• There is no hope of finding any more survivors.
optimism • • expectancy • • wishful thinking •
Opp: despair, Opp: hopelessness
hope/optimism for sth
hope/optimism that…
express/share your hope/optimism
2. C
• They have high hopes for their children.
dream • • ambition • • aspiration • • expectation • • fantasy •
Opp: fear
hopes/aspirations/expectations for sth
high hopes/ambitions/aspirations/expectations
have hopes/a dream/an ambition/aspirations/expectations/a fantasy
fulfil your hopes/dreams/ambitions/aspirations/expectations/fantasies 
Example Bank:
• He had one last hope to cling to.
• He pinned all his hopes on getting that job.
• He represents our best hope for a swimming medal.
• He secretly cherished hopes that George would marry his daughter.
• He turned to her in despair and said, ‘You're my last hope.’
• He wasn't trying to give her false hope.
• Her dark eyes lit with sudden hope.
• Her hopes of going to college have now been dashed.
• Her only hope lay in escape.
• His early hopes of freedom were now gone.
• Hope faded after wrecked remains of the ship were washed onto the shore.
• Hope flared up inside her.
• Hope remains that survivors will be found.
• Hopes are high that a resolution to the conflict can be found.
• Hopes of a peaceful end to the strike are now growing.
• I am writing this letter in hopes that it will be forwarded to the editor.
• I am writing to you in the hope that you can help me obtain some information.
• I didn't give up hope of being released.
• I don't hold out much hope of finding a buyer.
• I have no hope of winning.
• I haven't yet found a flat, but I live in hope.
• I looked at her and felt a glimmer of hope.
• I'll see what I can do, but don't get your hopes up too much.
• It is important to keep alive the hope that a peace settlement might be found.
• It is my fervent hope that you will be able to take this project forward.
• It is my sincere hope that she will find happiness at last.
• It seemed a forlorn hope that we would find a taxi.
• Lord Mountbatten secretly cherished hopes that Charles would marry his granddaughter.
• Maybe we can find some hope for humanity after all.
• Our one hope was that the hurricane would change direction.
• Peace is a distant hope in this war-torn region.
• Political leaders do now entertain the hope that a settlement can be found.
• Privatization seems to offer the best hope for the industry.
• She felt weak and without hope.
• She is Britain's brightest hope for a medal.
• She saw little hope of meeting the targets.
• She told me all her hopes and dreams.
• The Mexican president expressed hope for cooperation on trade.
• The latest job figures have boosted hopes for the economy.
• The use of fish oil to treat cancer has brought fresh hope to millions of sufferers.
• Their main hopes rest on their new striker.
• There was still a faint hope that they would accept the offer.
• These figures kill off any lingering hopes of an early economic recovery.
• This announcement has raised hopes that the crisis may be coming to an end.
• We have every hope of completing the project this year.
• We have high hopes for the project.
• We now have good grounds for hope.
• We're trying to keep our hopes up.
• You don't have a hope in hell of finding a job.
• a bitter tale of disappointed hopes
• a feeling of considerable hope
• damaged beyond hope of repair
• keeping alive the hope that a peace settlement might be found
• the team's championship hopes
• the treatment gave him renewed hope
• without any real hope of success
• young people who are full of hope for the future
• Don't raise your hopes too high, or you may be disappointed.
• I'll do what I can, but don't get your hopes up.

• She has high hopes of winning.

bathtub

bath·tub [bathtub bathtubs]   [ˈbɑːθtʌb]    [bæθtʌb] 

(also informal tub) (both especially NAmE) (BrE also bath) noun a large, long container that you put water in and then get into to wash your whole body

bald

bald [bald balds balded balding balder baldest]   [bɔːld]    [bɔːld]  adjective

1. having little or no hair on the head

• He started going bald in his twenties.

2. without any of the usual hair, marks, etc. covering the skin or surface of sth
• Our dog has a bald patch on its leg.

• a bald tyre (= a tyre whose surface has become smooth)

3. without any extra explanation or detail to help you understand or accept what is being said
• The bald fact is that we don't need you any longer.
• The letter was a bald statement of our legal position.
see also  baldly
Idiom: bald as a coot
Derived Word: baldness  
Word Origin:
Middle English: probably from a base meaning ‘white patch’, which came from the archaic sense ‘marked or streaked with white’. Compare with Welsh ceffyl bal, denoting a horse with a white mark on its face.  
Example Bank:
• young men who go prematurely bald

• The bald fact is that we don't need you any longer.

athlete

ath·lete [athlete athletes]   [ˈæθliːt]    [ˈæθliːt]  noun
1. a person who competes in sports

• Olympic athletes

2. (BrE) a person who competes in sports such as running and jumping

3. a person who is good at sports and physical exercise
• She is a natural athlete.  
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Latin athleta, from Greek athlētēs, from athlein ‘compete for a prize’, from athlon ‘prize’.  
Example Bank:
• She has the build and strength of a natural athlete.
• The athletes are training hard for the Olympics.
• athletes playing pro football
• one of the greatest athletes of all time
• It's clear that he's a natural athlete.
• Several Olympic athletes were accused of taking performance-enhancing drugs.

• She's a superbly gifted all-round athlete.

goal

goal AW [goal goals]   [ɡəʊl]    [ɡoʊl]  noun

1. (in sports) a frame with a net into which players must kick or hit the ball in order to score a point
• He headed the ball into an open goal (= one that had nobody defending it).

• Who is in goal (= is the goalkeeper ) for Arsenal?

2. the act of kicking or hitting the ball into the goal; a point that is scored for this
• The winning goal was scored by Hill.
• Liverpool won by three goals to one.
• United conceded two goals in the first half.
• a penalty goal

see also  drop goal, golden goal, own goal

3. something that you hope to achieve
Syn:  aim
• to work towards a goal
• to achieve/attain a goal
• You need to set yourself some long-term goals.
• Our ultimate goal must be the preservation of the environment.
• Their goal was to eradicate malaria.  
Word Origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘limit, boundary’): of unknown origin.  
Thesaurus:
goal noun C
• He pursued his goal of becoming a photographer.
objective • • target • • aim • • object • • purpose • • plan • |formal end •
goals/objectives/targets/aims/plans for sth
work towards a/an goal/objective/target/aim
the main/primary/prime/principal goal/objective/target/aim/object/purpose
Goal, objective or target? Goals usually relate to a person or organization's long-term plans. Targets are usually specific figures, such as a number of sales, that are set officially, for example by an employer or a government committee. People often set their own objectives that they wish to achieve, for example as part of a project, campaign or piece of writing.  
Synonyms:
target
objective • goal • object • end
These are all words for sth that you are trying to achieve.
target • a result that you try to achieve: ▪ Set yourself targets that you can reasonably hope to achieve. ◊ ▪ attainment targets in schools
objective • (rather formal) something that you are trying to achieve: ▪ What is the main objective of this project?
goal • something that you hope to achieve: ▪ He continued to pursue his goal of becoming an actor.
target, objective or goal?
A target is usually officially recorded in some way, for example by an employer or by a government committee. It is often specific, and in the form of figures, such as number of sales or exam passes, or a date. People often set their own objectives: these are things that they wish to achieve, often as part of a project or a talk they are giving. Goals are often long-term, and relate to people's life and career plans or the long-term plans of a company or organization.
object • the purpose of sth; sth that you plan to achieve: ▪ The object is to educate people about road safety.
end • something that you plan to achieve: ▪ He joined the society for political ends. ◊ ▪ That's only OK if you believe that ▪ the end justifies the means ▪ ▪ (= bad methods of doing sth are acceptable if the final result is good) ▪.
End is usually used in the plural or in particular fixed expressions.
to work towards a(n) target/objective/goal
an ambitious/major/long-term/short-term/future target/objective/goal
economic/financial/business targets/objectives/goals
to set/agree on/identify/reach/meet/exceed a(n) target/objective/goal
to achieve a(n) target/objective/goal/end 
Example Bank:
• Bahr made his fifth field goal of the day.
• He kicked the ball into an open goal.
• It is important to have explicit goals.
• Our immediate goal is to earn enough money to keep the business going.
• The equalizing goal came from Cole.
• The fans were annoyed that the team gave away such a soft goal.
• The goalkeeper was injured so a defender had to go in goal.
• The prison service pursues the twin goals of the punishment and rehabilitation of offenders.
• The referee disallowed the goal.
• The second goal came from a penalty.
• They have set themselves some ambitious goals.
• They scored three goals against the home team.
• Two field goals gave the Tigers an early lead.
• Vega scored an unfortunate own goal when he slipped as he tried to clear the ball.
• Visconti scored one goal himself and made two for Lupo.
• We are all working towards a common goal.
• Who's in goal for Arsenal?
• his first goal for Spain
• their goal of providing free university education for everyone
• He continued to pursue his goal of becoming a photographer.

• The company has set itself some long-term organizational goals.