model

I. mod‧el¹ S2 W1 /ˈmɒdl $ ˈmɑːdl/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Date: 1500-1600; Language: French; Origin: modèle, from Old Italian modello, from Latin modulus; ⇨ ↑module]

1. SMALL COPY a small copy of a building, vehicle, machine etc, especially one that can be put together from separate parts
model of
They showed us a model of the building.
a working model (=one with parts which move) of a steam engine
2. FASHION someone whose job is to show clothes, hair styles etc by wearing them at fashion shows or for photographs:
a top fashion model
a male model
3. TYPE OF CAR ETC a particular type or design of a vehicle or machine:
Renault are introducing three new models at the show.
Our dishwasher is the latest model (=newest design).
the 2.8 litre V6 model
4. DESCRIPTION a computer representation or scientific description of something
model of
Scientists are building computer models of the ocean currents.
5. SOMEBODY/SOMETHING TO COPY someone or something which people want to copy because they are successful or have good qualities
model for
It served as a model for other cities.
He used English medieval architecture as his model.
role model (=someone that you try to copy because they have qualities you would like to have)
Good teachers can act as positive role models.
6. model of efficiency/virtue etc someone or something that has a lot of a good quality:
She was a model of honesty and decency.
7. ART someone who is employed by an artist or photographer to be painted or photographed
• • •
THESAURUS
■ a type of product
▪ brand the name of a type of product made by a company, especially one that you use every day such as food or cleaning products: a survey to find out which brand of toothpaste people prefer | advertising for a well-known brand of cigarettes
▪ make a type of product made by a particular company – used especially about things such as machines, equipment, or cars: 'What make of car do you drive?' 'A Ford.'
▪ model one particular type or design of a vehicle, machine etc: The new models are much faster.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

model

model [model models modelled modeled modelling modeling] noun, verb [ˈmɒdl] [ˈmɑːdl]

noun

SMALL COPY
1. a copy of sth, usually smaller than the original object
• a working model (= one in which the parts move) of a fire engine
• a model aeroplane

• The architect had produced a scale model of the proposed shopping complex.

DESIGN

2. a particular design or type of product

• The latest models will be on display at the motor show.

DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM

3. a simple description of a system, used for explaining how sth works or calculating what might happen, etc

• a mathematical model for determining the safe level of pesticides in food

EXAMPLE TO COPY

4. something such as a system that can be copied by other people

• The nation's constitution provided a model that other countries followed.

5. (approving) a person or thing that is considered an excellent example of sth
• It was a model of clarity.
• a model student
• a model farm (= one that has been specially designed to work well)

see also role model

FASHION

6. a person whose job is to wear and show new styles of clothes and be photographed wearing them
• a fashion model

• a male model

FOR ARTIST

7. a person who is employed to be painted, drawn, photographed, etc. by an artist or photographer
Word Origin:
late 16th cent. (denoting a set of plans of a building): from French modelle, from Italian modello, from an alteration of Latin modulus ‘measure’, diminutive of modus.
Thesaurus:
model noun
1. C
• The architects produced a scale model of the proposed factory.
copy • • replica • • mock-up • • reconstruction • • reproduction •
a/an good/accurate model/copy/reconstruction/reproduction
a full-scale/life-size model/replica/reconstruction
make a model/copy/replica/reconstruction/reproduction
2. C
• The latest models will be on display at the motor show.
brand • • make • • label •
a model/brand/make of car
a popular/leading/major/famous/well-known model/brand/make/label
Model or make? All cars made by one company are the same make. For each make there will be a range of different models (= designs)
• We need to know the make, model and year of your car.
3. C
• The nation's constitution provided a model that other countries followed.
pattern • • prototype • • blueprint • • template • • precedent •
a model/pattern/prototype/blueprint/template/precedent for sth
provide/serve as/act as a model/prototype/blueprint/template/precedent
follow/copy a model/pattern/blueprint/template/precedent
Model or pattern? A pattern is always an excellent example, and one that people should follow; a model is an example that people do follow, usually because it works well. A system or organization is/provides a model but sets a pattern.
Collocations:
Scientific research
Theory
formulate/advance a theory/hypothesis
build/construct/create/develop a simple/theoretical/mathematical model
develop/establish/provide/use a theoretical/conceptual framework
advance/argue/develop the thesis that…
explore an idea/a concept/a hypothesis
make a prediction/an inference
base a prediction/your calculations on sth
investigate/evaluate/accept/challenge/reject a theory/hypothesis/model
Experiment
design an experiment/a questionnaire/a study/a test
do research/an experiment/an analysis
make observations/measurements/calculations
carry out/conduct/perform an experiment/a test/a longitudinal study/observations/clinical trials
run an experiment/a simulation/clinical trials
repeat an experiment/a test/an analysis
replicate a study/the results/the findings
observe/study/examine/investigate/assess a pattern/a process/a behaviour/(especially US) a behavior
fund/support the research/project/study
seek/provide/get/secure funding for research
Results
collect/gather/extract data/information
yield data/evidence/similar findings/the same results
analyse/examine the data/soil samples/a specimen
consider/compare/interpret the results/findings
fit the data/model
confirm/support/verify a prediction/a hypothesis/the results/the findings
prove a conjecture/hypothesis/theorem
draw/make/reach the same conclusions
read/review the records/literature
describe/report an experiment/a study
present/publish/summarize the results/findings
present/publish/read/review/cite a paper in a scientific journal
Example Bank:
• Later that year, IBM released a similar model at a lower price.
• She developed a computer model to help farmers with pest control.
• She made a fantastic clay model of her dog.
• She was a model of restraint.
• Successful schools must be used as models for the rest.
• The book fits the classic model of a postmodern narrative.
• The model sits for me for three hours every day.
• The tape provides a model for students to copy.
• They do several other models of washing machine.
• They offer an alternative model of married life.
• They're recalling their new model for modifications to the engine.
• We follow a simple accounting model.
• the standard economic model of supply and demand
• He's a model student.
• Her essay was a model of clarity.
• I used to build model aeroplanes.
• The architect had produced a scale model of the proposed shopping complex
• The nation's constitution provided a model that other countries followed.
• They have a working model of a water mill.
• a mathematical model for determining the safe level of pesticides in food
• a model farm

Derived: model something on something ▪ model yourself on somebody

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

model

model (MACHINE) /ˈmɒd.^əl/ US /ˈmɑː.d^əl/
noun [C]
a particular type of machine, especially a car, which is slightly different from machines of the same type:
a luxury/new model
the latest model

model (PERSON) /ˈmɒd.^əl/ US /ˈmɑː.d^əl/
noun [C]
a person who wears clothes so that they can be photographed or shown to possible buyers, or a person who is employed to be photographed or painted:
a fashion/nude model
She's going out with a male model.
I worked as an artist's model when I was a student.
See also supermodel.

model /ˈmɒd.^əl/ US /ˈmɑː.d^əl/
verb [I or T] -ll- or US USUALLY -l-
to wear fashionable clothes, jewellery, etc. in order to advertise them:
Tatjana is modelling a Versace design.
I used to model when I was younger.

modelling UK, US modeling /ˈmɒd.^əl.ɪŋ/ US /ˈmɑː.d^əl-/
noun [U]
the job of wearing clothes, jewellery, etc. in order to advertise them:
Ashley's always wanted to go into modelling.
a modelling contract

model (COPY) /ˈmɒd.^əl/ US /ˈmɑː.d^əl/
noun [C]
something which a copy can be based on because it is an extremely good example of its type:
The educational system was a model for those of many other countries.
The council plans to build a model town on the site.
Some groups want to set up an Islamic state on the Iranian model.
Even Chris, the very model of calmness (= someone who is usually extremely calm), was angered by having to work such long hours.
She really is a model (= perfect) student.

model (REPRESENTATION) /ˈmɒd.^əl/ US /ˈmɑː.d^əl/
noun [C]
a representation of something, either as a physical object which is usually smaller than the real object, or as a simple description of the object which might be used in calculations:
a plastic model aircraft
By looking at this model you can get a better idea of how the bridge will look.
to construct a statistical/theoretical/mathematical model
No computer model of the economy can predict when the next recession will be.

model /ˈmɒd.^əl/ US /ˈmɑː.d^əl/
verb [T] -ll- or US USUALLY -l-
to model animals out of clay
to model clay into animal shapes
The whole car can be modelled on a computer before a single component is made.

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

model

[mɒ̱d(ə)l]
♦♦
models, modelling, modelled
(in AM, use modeling, modeled)
1) N-COUNT: oft N of n A model of an object is a physical representation that shows what it looks like or how it works. The model is often smaller than the object it represents.
  ...an architect's model of a wooden house.
  ...a working scale model of the whole Bay Area...
  I made a model out of paper and glue.
  Syn:
  replica, mock-up
ADJ: ADJ n
Model is also an adjective. I had made a model aeroplane. ...a model railway.
2) N-COUNT: with supp A model is a system that is being used and that people might want to copy in order to achieve similar results. [FORMAL]
  We believe that this is a general model of managerial activity.
  ...the Chinese model of economic reform.
3) N-COUNT: usu with supp A model of a system or process is a theoretical description that can help you understand how the system or process works, or how it might work. [TECHNICAL or, FORMAL]
  Darwin eventually put forward a model of biological evolution...
  He proposed a model of stress reaction in the body.
4) VERB If someone such as a scientist models a system or process, they make an accurate theoretical description of it in order to understand or explain how it works. [TECHNICAL or, FORMAL]
  [V n] ...the mathematics needed to model a nonlinear system like an atmosphere.
5) N-COUNT: N of n (approval) If you say that someone or something is a model of a particular quality, you are showing approval of them because they have that quality to a large degree.
  A model of good manners, he has conquered any inward fury...
  His marriage and family life is a model of propriety.
6) ADJ: ADJ n (approval) You use model to express approval of someone when you think that they perform their role or duties extremely well.
  As a girl she had been a model pupil...
  Hospital staff say he is a model patient.
  Syn:
  exemplary
7) VERB If one thing is modelled on another, the first thing is made so that it is like the second thing in some way.
  [be V-ed on/after n] The quota system was modelled on those operated in America and continental Europe...
  [be V-ed on/after n] The program will be modeled after a popular BBC series called `The Archers'...
  [V n on/after n] She asked the author if she had modelled her hero on anybody in particular.
8) VERB If you model yourself on someone, you copy the way that they do things, because you admire them and want to be like them.
  [V pron-refl on/after n] There's absolutely nothing wrong in modelling yourself on an older woman...
  [V n on/after n] They will tend to model their behaviour on the teacher's behaviour.
9) N-COUNT: usu supp N A particular model of a machine is a particular version of it.
  To keep the cost down, opt for a basic model...
  The model number is 1870/285.
  Syn:
  version
10) N-COUNT An artist's model is a person who stays still in a particular position so that the artist can make a picture or sculpture of them.
  Syn:
  sitter
11) VERB If someone models for an artist, they stay still in a particular position so that the artist can make a picture or sculpture of them.
  [V for n] Tullio has been modelling for Sandra for eleven years. [Also V]
  Syn:
  pose
12) N-COUNT A fashion model is a person whose job is to display clothes by wearing them.
  ...Paris's top photographic fashion model.
13) VERB If someone models clothes, they display them by wearing them.
  [V n] I wasn't here to model clothes...
  She began modelling in Paris aged 15.
  Derived words:
  modelling N-UNCOUNT oft N n She was being offered a modelling contract.
14) VERB If you model shapes or figures, you make them out of a substance such as clay or wood.
  There she began to model in clay...
  [V n] Sometimes she carved wood and sometimes stone; sometimes she modelled clay...
  [V n] The artist recorded interviews on a variety of topics and modelled an appropriate animal for each voice.
15) → See also role model