American English

Example:

Students are required to be in school by 8.30am.

Theme, CEFR level & Tags

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Level:

Region:

Oxford Essential Dictionary

student

noun
a person who is studying at a school, college or university:
Tim is a history student.

which word?
Student or pupil? We usually say student. We often say pupil when talking about children at school.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

student

stu‧dent S1 W1 /ˈstjuːdənt $ ˈstuː-/ BrE AmE noun [countable]
[Word Family: noun: student, study, studiousness; adjective: studious, studied; verb: study; adverb: studiously]
[Date: 1400-1500; Language: Latin; Origin: present participle of studere; ⇨ study1]
1. someone who is studying at a university, school etc ⇨ pupil
student at
a first-year student at the University of Oslo
law/science/medical etc student
There are plenty of job opportunities for engineering students.
student teacher/nurse etc (=someone who is studying to be a teacher, nurse etc)
A/B/C student (=a student who always gets A's, B's etc for their work) ⇨ mature student
2. be a student of something to be very interested in a particular subject:
He’s obviously an excellent student of human nature.
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ ADJECTIVES/NOUN + student
▪ a law/medical/chemistry etc student Approximately 40% of law students are women.
▪ a university/college/school student How many college students are politically active?
▪ a high school/elementary school student American English Her son is a high school student.
▪ a first-year/second-year etc student (=in their first year, second year etc at college or university) First-year students have an exam at the end of term.
▪ an A/B/C student American English (=one who usually gets an A, B, or C for their work) He was an A student all the way through high school.
▪ an undergraduate student (=one who is studying for a first degree) Most undergraduate students rely on student loans for finance.
▪ a postgraduate student British English, a graduate student American English (=one who has already done a first degree) There is a separate university prospectus for postgraduate students.
▪ a research student (=doing research in a university) When I returned to Cambridge, I continued this work with two of my research students.
▪ a mature student especially British English (=a student who is over 25 years old) He took a degree as a mature student at Birmingham University.
▪ a foreign/overseas student The University welcomes applications from overseas students.
■ student + NOUN
▪ a student loan/grant (=money that is lent or given to a student) Some of them are still paying off student loans.
▪ student life (=the way of life of university and college students) Parties are an important part of student life.
▪ a student teacher/doctor/nurse (=someone who is learning to be a teacher, doctor, or nurse) Student teachers work alongside qualified teachers to gain classroom experience.
• • •
THESAURUS
▪ student someone who is studying at a university or school. In British English, student is not usually used to refer to a child at primary school: a student at Moscow University | How many students are there in your class? | The university has a lot of overseas students. | Most schools have special classes for students with learning difficulties.
▪ pupil especially British English someone who is being taught in a particular school or by a particular teacher: The school has 300 pupils. | He received a letter from one of his former pupils.
▪ schoolchild a child who goes to school: The play was performed by a group of local schoolchildren.
▪ schoolboy/schoolgirl especially British English a boy or girl who goes to school – used especially when talking about how they behave, or that time in someone’s life: They were behaving like naughty schoolgirls. | When he was a schoolboy, no one had heard of computers. | He blushed at her like a schoolboy.
▪ learner someone who is learning a foreign language: Learners often have problems with pronunciation. | a book for foreign learners of English

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

student

stu·dent [student students] [ˈstjuːdnt] [ˈstuːdnt] noun
1. a person who is studying at a university or college
• a medical/science, etc. student
• a graduate/postgraduate/research student
• an overseas student
• a student teacher/nurse
• a student grant/loan (= money that is given/lent to students to pay for their studies)
• student fees (= to pay for the cost of teaching)
• She's a student at Sussex University.
• a dramatic increase in student numbers
• He's a third-year student at the College of Art.
• I did some acting in my student days.

see also mature student

2. a person who is studying at a school, especially a secondary school
• a 15-year-old high school student
compare pupil

see also A student

3. ~ of sth (formal) a person who is very interested in a particular subject
• a keen student of human nature
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Latin student- ‘applying oneself to’, from the verb studere, related to studium ‘painstaking application’.
Culture:
student life
The popular image of student life is of young people with few responsibilities enjoying themselves and doing very little work. This is often not true. Many older people now study at college or university, sometimes on a part-time basis while having a job and looking after a family. Many students are highly motivated and work very hard.
In Britain reduced government support for higher educationmeans that students can no longer rely on having their expenses paid for them. Formerly, students received a grant towards their living expenses. Now most can only get a loan, which has to be paid back. From 1999 they have had to pay a fixed amount towards tuition fees and from 2006 universities will be able to increase the amount up to a maximum of £3 000 per year. In the US students already have to pay for tuition and room and board. Many get a financial aid package which may include grants, scholarships and loans. The fear of having large debts places considerable pressure on students and many take part-time jobs during the term and work full-time in the vacations.
Many students in Britain go to a university away from their home town. They usually live in a hall of residence for their first year, and then move into a rented room in a private house or share a house with housemates. They may go back home during vacations, but after they graduate most leave home for good. In the US too, many students attend colleges some distance from where their parents live. They may live on campus in one of the halls, or off campus in apartments and houses which they share with room-mates. Some students, especially at larger universities, join a fraternity or sorority, a social group usually with its own house near the campus. Fraternities and sororities often have names which are combinations of two or three letters of the Greek alphabet. Some people do not have a good opinion of them because they think that students who are members spend too much time having parties.
In Britain the interests of students are represented by a student’s union which liaises with the university on academic matters, arranges social events and provides advice to students. Individual unions are affiliated with (= linked to) the NUS. The student union building is usually the centre of student life and has a bar and common room, and often a restaurant and shops. British universities have a wide range of societies, clubs and social activities including sports, drama and politics. One of the highlights (= main events) of the year is rag week, a week of parties and fund-raising activities in support of various charities.
Especially in their first year, US students spend a lot of time on social activities. One of the most important celebrations, especially at universities which place a lot of emphasis on sports, is homecoming. Many alumni (= former students) return to their alma mater (= college) for a weekend in the autumn to watch a football game. During homecoming weekend there are also parties and dances, and usually a parade.
When social activities take up too much time, students skip lectures (= miss them) or cut class (AmE) and take incompletes (AmE), which means they have to finish their work after the vacation. In the US this has the effect of lowering their course grades, but most US universities expect this behaviour from students and do little to stop it. Students are thought to be old enough to make their own decisions about how hard they work and to accept the consequences. A few students drop out (AmE flunk out) but the majority try hard to get good grades and a good degree.
More About:
students
A student is a person who is studying at a school, college, university, etc.
An undergraduate is a student who is studying for their first degree at a university or college.
In BrE, a graduate is a person who has completed a first degree at a university or college. In NAmE graduate is usually used with another noun and can also apply to a person who has finished high school: ▪ a high school graduate ◊ ▪ a graduate student.
A postgraduate is a person who has finished a first degree and is doing advanced study or research. This is the usual term in BrE, but it is formal in NAmE and graduate student is usually used instead.
Synonyms:
student
pupil • schoolboy/schoolchild/schoolgirl
These are all words for a child that attends school.
student • a person who is studying in a school, especially an older child: ▪ Students are required to be in school by 8.30. ◊ ▪ Any high school student could tell you the answer.
pupil • (BrE) a person who is being taught, especially a child in a school: ▪ The school has over 850 pupils.
Pupil is used only in British English and is starting to become old-fashioned. Student is often preferred, especially by teachers and other people involved in education, and especially when talking about older children.
schoolboy/ • schoolgirl/ • schoolchild • a boy, girl or child who attends school: ▪ Since she was a schoolgirl she had dreamed of going on the stage.
These words emphasize the age of the children or this period in their lives; they are less often used to talk about teaching and learning: an able schoolboy/schoolgirl/schoolchild
a(n) good/bright/able/brilliant/star/outstanding student/pupil
a naughty schoolboy/schoolgirl/schoolchild
a disruptive student/pupil
a(n) ex-/former student/pupil
a school student/pupil
to teach students/pupils/schoolboys/schoolgirls/schoolchildren
Example Bank:
• He often takes part in student demonstrations.
• He studied metallurgy as a mature student, having spent ten years working in a foundry.
• I first came to America as an exchange student.
• I'm thoroughly enjoying student life.
• Ninety-four students were enrolled in the class.
• She first went to London as a student.
• She had to take out a student loan to help her through college.
• She studied metallurgy as a mature student.
• She travelled a lot in her student days.
• She's a former student of mine who graduated in the 80s.
• Student numbers at the college have increased by 25 per cent.
• The students are encouraged to think creatively.
• one of the best students the college has ever had
• taking part in a student demonstration
• teachers who engage students in meaningful discussions
• Any high school student could tell you the answer.
• Disruptive students may be excluded from school.
• He was a deeply observant man, a close student of the natural world.
• He was an outstanding student.
• I was always a straight A-student.
• Older students do not have to wear school uniform.
• She's a keen student of human nature.
• Student drivers often grip the wheel too tightly.
• Students are required to be in school by 8.30am.

• The more able students should manage these exercises easily.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

student

student /ˈstjuː.dənt/ US /ˈstuː-/
noun [C]
1 a person who is learning at a college or university, or sometimes at a school:
a law student (= someone learning about law)
a postgraduate student
a student teacher (= a person training to become a teacher)
He was a student at the University of Chicago.

2 If someone is a student of a stated subject, they know about it and are interested in it, but have not necessarily studied it formally:
When you're a nurse, you get to be a bit of a student of (= to know about) human nature.

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

student

[stju͟ːd(ə)nt, stu͟ː-]
♦
students
1) N-COUNT A student is a person who is studying at a university or college.
→ See also mature student
  Warren's eldest son is an art student, at St Martin's.
  ...a 23-year-old medical student.
2) N-COUNT A student is a child who is studying at a secondary school.
  Syn:
  pupil
3) N-COUNT: N of n Someone who is a student of a particular subject is interested in the subject and spends time learning about it.
  ...a passionate student of history and an expert on nineteenth century prime ministers.

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary:

student

stu·dent /ˈstuːdn̩t, Brit ˈstjuːdn̩t/ noun, pl -dents [count]
1 : a person who attends a school, college, or university
• a high school student
• a group of college students
• She is a student at Georgetown University.
• She is a student [=pupil] at our local elementary school.
- often used before another noun
• student athletes/groups/leaders/loans/trips
- see also mature student
2 : a person who studies something - + of
• She is a student of human nature.

scientist

scientist [noun]

/ˈsaɪən.tɪst/

Example:

Scientists have collected more data than expected.

someone who is trained in science, especially someone whose job is to do scientific research

Persian equivalent:

Example:

Scientists have collected more data than expected.

Theme, CEFR level & Tags

Theme:

subjects and disciplines

Level:

B1 (Intermediate)

Region:

Oxford Essential Dictionary

scientist

noun
a person who studies science or works with science

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

scientist

sci‧en‧tist S3 W2 /ˈsaɪəntəst, ˈsaɪəntɪst/ noun [countable]
[Word Family: noun: science, scientist; adverb: scientifically; adjective: scientific ≠ unscientific]
someone who works or is trained in science

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

scientist

sci·en·tist [scientist scientists] [ˈsaɪəntɪst] [ˈsaɪəntɪst] noun

a person who studies one or more of the natural sciences (= for example, physics, chemistry and biology)

• a research scientist

• nuclear scientists

• scientists and engineers

• the cartoon figure of the mad scientist working in his laboratory

see also computer scientist, political scientist, social scientist

Example Bank:

• Scientists have developed an injection that doesn't use a needle.

• Scientists warned of even greater eruptions to come.

• She gave a lecture to 2 000 fellow scientists in Kyoto.

• She had an image of a mad scientist working in his laboratory.

• The scientists estimate that nearly two thirds of the continent has become drier over the past 60 years.

• You don't have to be a rocket scientist to do this job.

• a contest for young scientists

• a mystery that has baffled scientists for many years

• scientists interested in Antarctic research

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

science

science /saɪənts/
noun
1 [U] (knowledge obtained from) the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical world, especially by observing, measuring and experimenting, and the development of theories to describe the results of these activities:
pure/applied science
recent developments in science and technology
Space travel is one of the marvels/wonders of modern science.

2 [C or U] a particular subject that is studied using scientific methods:
physical sciences
Economics is not an exact science.
advances in medical science

3 [U] the study of science:
a science graduate/teacher
a science course/lesson

scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪf.ɪk/
adjective
1 relating to science, or using the organized methods of science:
a scientific discovery/experiment/theory
scientific evidence/research
The project has attracted considerable criticism from the scientific community (= from scientists).

2 careful and systematic:
We will have to adopt a more scientific approach in the future.
I try to arrange things in some kind of a system, but I'm not very scientific about it.

scientifically /ˌsaɪənˈtɪf.ɪ.kli/
adverb
scientifically proven

scientist /ˈsaɪən.tɪst/
noun [C]
an expert who studies or works in one of the sciences:
a research/nuclear scientist

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

scientist

/saɪəntɪst/
(scientists)

Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.

A scientist is someone who has studied science and whose job is to teach or do research in science.
Scientists have collected more data than expected.

N-COUNT

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary:

scientist

sci·en·tist /ˈsajəntɪst/ noun, pl -tists [count] : a person who is trained in a science and whose job involves doing scientific research or solving scientific problems
• a soil/marine/computer scientist

photographer

photographer [noun]

/fəˈtɑː.ɡrə.fɚ/

/fəˈtɒɡ.rə.fər/

Example:

They chose another photographer for the wedding.

someone who takes photographs, especially as their job

Persian equivalent:

Example:

They chose another photographer for the wedding.

Theme, CEFR level & Tags

Theme:

Level:

Region:

Oxford Essential Dictionary

photographer

noun
a person who takes photographs, especially as a job

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

photographer

pho‧tog‧ra‧pher /fəˈtɒɡrəfə $ -ˈtɑːɡrəfər/ noun [countable]
[Word Family: noun: photo, photograph, photographer, photography; adjective: photogenic, photographic; verb: photograph]

someone who takes photographs, especially as a professional or as an artist:
• a fashion photographer
• • •

THESAURUS

   ▪ artist someone who produces art, especially paintings or drawings: • an exhibition of paintings by 50 contemporary artists | • a wildlife artist who specializes in drawing birds
   ▪ painter someone who paints pictures: • the Dutch painter, Johannes Vermeer | • Sisley was principally a landscape painter.
   ▪ photographer someone who takes photographs, as an art or as a job: • Cartier-Bresson was one of the greatest photographers of all time. | • a fashion photographer
   ▪ potter someone who makes pots or other objects from clay: • In Spain, local potters produce ceramics with beautiful brightly-coloured designs.
   ▪ sculptor someone who makes sculptures (=a work of art that is made from stone, metal, or wood): • The museum has several pieces by the great English sculptor, Sir Henry Moore.
   ▪ performance artist someone who uses acting, dance and other actions to create art that expresses an idea: • a one-man show by the French performance artist, Orlan

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

photographer

pho·tog·raph·er [photographer photographers] [fəˈtɒɡrəfə(r)] [fəˈtɑːɡrəfər] noun

a person who takes photographs, especially as a job

• a wildlife/fashion/portrait photographer

Example Bank:

• Photographer Darren Kidd captured the unique atmosphere of the event.

• She didn't think much of the photographers snapping away at her.

• The photographer shot the usual roll of pictures.

• They had hired another photographer for the wedding.

• a staff photographer at the ‘New York Times’

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

photograph

photograph /ˈfəʊ.tə.grɑːf/ US /ˈfoʊ.ţoʊ.græf/
noun [C] (INFORMAL photo)
a picture produced using a camera:
a colour/black-and-white photograph
aerial photographs
nude photographs
My parents took a lot of photographs of us when we were small.

photograph /ˈfəʊ.tə.grɑːf/ US /ˈfoʊ.ţoʊ.græf/
verb [T]
I prefer photographing people rather than places.
[+ object + ing form of verb] MacKay was photographed leaving the building.

photographer /fəˈtɒg.rə.fəʳ/ US /-ˈtɑː.grə.fɚ/
noun [C]
a person who takes photographs, either as a job or hobby:
a fashion/press/amateur photographer

photographic /ˌfəʊ.təˈgræf.ɪk/ US /ˌfoʊ.ţə
adjective
photographic equipment/film/materials
photographic skills
Her paintings are almost photographic in their detail and accuracy.

photographically
adverb

photography
noun [U]
(the activity or job of taking) photographs or films:
She's doing an evening class in photography.
The film won an award for its photography.

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

photographer

/fətɒgrəfə(r)/
(photographers)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

A photographer is someone who takes photographs as a job or hobby.

N-COUNT

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary:

photographer

pho·tog·ra·pher /fəˈtɑːgrəfɚ/ noun, pl -phers [count] : a person who takes photographs especially as a job
• He worked for the magazine as a fashion photographer.

manager

manager [noun]

/ˈmæn.ə.dʒɚ/

/ˈmæn.ɪ.dʒər/

Example:

I’d like to speak to the manager.

someone whose job is to organize and control the work of a business or organization or a part of it

Persian equivalent:

bosses and managers and directors

Example:

I’d like to speak to the manager.

Theme, CEFR level & Tags

Theme:

Level:

A2 (Elementary)

Region:

Oxford Essential Dictionary

manager

noun
a person who controls an organization, a business or a shop:
He is the manager of a shoe shop.
a bank manager

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

manager

man‧ag‧er S1 W1 /ˈmænɪdʒə $ -ər/ noun [countable]
[Word Family: noun: management, manager, manageability, manageress; adjective: manageable ≠ unmanageable, managerial; verb: manage]
1. someone whose job is to manage part or all of a company or other organization
  bank/sales/project etc manager
   • She’s now assistant marketing manager for the south east area.
   • one of our regional managers
  manager of
   • the general manager of Chevrolet
   • a middle manager in a computer company (=someone who manages a small part of a company) ⇨ line manager
2. someone who is in charge of training and organizing a sports team:
   • the new England manager
  manager of
   • the manager of Lazio
3. someone who is in charge of the business affairs of a singer, an actor etc
     • • •

THESAURUS

   ▪ boss the person who is in charge of you at work. Boss sounds rather informal. The usual word to use in more formal English is manager: • Does your boss know you're looking for another job?
   ▪ manager the person in charge of a business such as a shop, a bank, or a hotel, or of a part of a business: • I'd like to speak to the hotel manager. | • the sales manager | • the manager of an Italian restaurant
   ▪ head the person who is in charge of an organization or a department within that organization: • the head of the CIA | • My wife's head of the French department at the university. | • He was the former head of the American Cancer Society.
   ▪ chief the most important person or one of the most important people in an organization such as the police, the fire department, or the army: • the chief of police | • police/army/fire chiefs | • Health chiefs have secured cash to build two new hospitals.
   ▪ president especially American English the person who is in charge of a large company or a department within a company: • the president of CBS news | • Angry shareholders called for the resignation of the company president.
   ▪ managing director British English the person who is in charge of the daily management of a company or organization: • He's the managing director of a small printing firm.
   ▪ chief executive (also chief executive officer, CEO) the person who is in charge of the daily management of a company: • the CEO of General Motors | • Universal Studios is looking for a new chief executive.
   ▪ supervisor someone who is in charge of a group of workers, whose job is to make sure that the workers do what the manager wants: • He was employed as a warehouse supervisor.
   ▪ line manager the manager who is directly in charge of you in a company: • If you want to take a holiday, first ask your line manager.
   ▪ report to somebody if you report to someone in a company, that person is directly in charge of you: • Jan is based in Birmingham and reports to the Head of Marketing.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

manager

man·ager [manager managers] [ˈmænɪdʒə(r)] [ˈmænɪdʒər] noun

1. a person who is in charge of running a business, a shop/store or a similar organization or part of one

• a bank/hotel manager

• the sales/marketing/personnel manager

• a meeting of area managers

see also middle manager

2. a person who deals with the business affairs of an actor, a musician, etc.

3. a person who trains and organizes a sports team

• the new manager of Italy

Thesaurus:

manager noun C

• a bank/hotel manager

director • • employer • • supervisor • • superintendent • • foreman • |especially BrE governor • |informal boss •

work for a/an manager/director/employer/boss

work under a/an manager/supervisor/superintendent/foreman

have a/an manager/director/employer/supervisor/foreman/governor/boss

Manager or director? Both manager and director can be used to talk about a person who is in charge of an activity or department within a company: a sales manager/director. However, in a large company, a director is often in charge of several managers.

Example Bank:

• A product manager is responsible for product profitability.

• Companies replace managers who underperform relative to their rivals.

• Each programme is discussed with the responsible manager.

• He has been promoted to business development manager.

• He will be the club's caretaker manager until a new manager is appointed.

• It helps to have a sympathetic manager.

• Last month he was named manager of the new unit.

• They hired a new campaign manager.

• Your job will be to assist the production manager.

• another disappointing day for the beleaguered England manager

• the marketing manager for a large company

• I'll ask my manager if I can leave early.

• Sales manager Chris Jones says, ‘We're thrilled with the results’.

• There's a meeting of area managers next Tuesday.

• a bank/hotel manager

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

manage

manage (CONTROL) /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ/
verb [T]
to be responsible for controlling or organizing someone or something especially a business:
Has she had any experience of managing large projects?
He's not very good at managing people.
His job involved managing large investment funds.
When you have a job as well as children to look after, you have to learn how to manage your time.
See also mismanage.

management /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/
noun [U]
the control and organization of something:
The company has suffered from several years of bad management.
There is a need for stricter financial management.
a management training scheme

management /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/
group noun [C]
the group of people responsible for controlling and organizing a company:
Management has/have offered staff a 3% pay increase.

manager /ˈmæn.ɪ.dʒəʳ/ US /-dʒɚ/
noun [C]
1 the person who is responsible for managing an organization:
a bank manager
a station manager
the production manager
I wish to speak to the manager.

2 the person whose job is to organize and sometimes train a sports team:
a football manager

3 The manager of a singer, actor or other entertainer is a person whose job is to arrange the business part of their work.

manageress /ˌmæn.ɪ.dʒərˈes/ US /-dʒə.res/
noun [C] OLD-FASHIONED
a female manager

managerial /ˌmæn.əˈdʒɪə.ri.əl/ US /-ˈdʒɪr.i-/
adjective
relating to a manager or management:
managerial responsibilities/decisions/skills

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

manager

/mænɪdʒə(r)/
(managers)

Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.

1.
A manager is a person who is responsible for running part of or the whole of a business organization.
The chef, staff and managers are all Chinese.
...a retired bank manager.
N-COUNT

2.
The manager of a pop star or other entertainer is the person who looks after their business interests.
N-COUNT

3.
The manager of a sports team is the person responsible for training the players and organizing the way they play. In American English, manager is only used for baseball; in other sports, coach is used instead.
N-COUNT

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary:

manager

man·ag·er /ˈmænɪʤɚ/ noun, pl -ers [count]
1 : someone who is in charge of a business, department, etc.
• I'd like to speak to the manager, please.
• He was promoted to manager last year.
• a sales/bank/personnel manager
• The team's general manager acquired five new players for the upcoming season.
- see also stage manager
2 : someone who directs the training and performance of a sports team especially; US : a person who directs a baseball team
• The manager decided to change pitchers in the eighth inning.
3 : someone who directs the professional career of an entertainer or athlete
• The actress recently fired her manager.
4 : someone who decides how to use something
• She's a bad manager of her time/money.

engineer

engineer [noun]

/ˌen.dʒɪˈnɪr/

/ˌen.dʒɪˈnɪər/

Example:

A mechanical engineer

a person whose job is to design or build machines, engines, or electrical equipment, or things such as roads, railways, or bridges, using scientific principles

Persian equivalent:

civil engineering in general

Example:

a mechanical engineer

Theme, CEFR level & Tags

Theme:

Level:

A2 (Elementary)

Region:

Oxford Essential Dictionary

engineer

noun
a person whose job is to plan, make or repair things like machines, roads or bridges:
My brother is an electrical engineer.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

engineer

I. noun

I. en‧gi‧neer1 S3 W3 /ˌendʒəˈnɪə, ˌendʒɪˈnɪə $ -ˈnɪr/ noun [countable]
1. someone whose job is to design or build roads, bridges, machines etc
  mechanical/electrical/software etc engineer
   • He trained as a civil engineer (=one who designs and builds roads, bridges etc).
2. someone whose job is to take care of the engines on a ship or aircraft
3. British English someone whose job is to repair electrical equipment or machines
  service/maintenance engineer
4. American English someone whose job is driving a train

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

engineer

en·gin·eer [engineer engineers engineered engineering] noun, verb [ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)] [ˌendʒɪˈnɪr]

noun

1. a person whose job involves designing and building engines, machines, roads, bridges, etc.

see also chemical engineer, civil engineer, electrical engineer, lighting engineer, mechanical engineer, software engineer, sound engineer

2. a person who is trained to repair machines and electrical equipment

• They're sending an engineer to fix the phone.

3. a person whose job is to control and repair engines, especially on a ship or an aircraft

• a flight engineer

• the chief engineer on a cruise liner

4. (NAmE) (BrE ˈengine driver) a person whose job is driving a railway/railroad engine

5. a soldier trained to design and build military structures

Word Origin:

Middle English (denoting a designer and constructor of fortifications and weapons; formerly also as ingineer): in early use from Old French engigneor, from medieval Latin ingeniator, from ingeniare ‘contrive, devise’, from Latin ingenium ‘talent, device’, from in- ‘in’ + gignere ‘beget’; in later use from French ingénieur or Italian ingegnere, also based on Latin ingenium, with the ending influenced by -eer.

Example Bank:

• We were on the phone with a technical support engineer.

• You need the advice of a qualified engineer.

• engineers who designed and built advanced military aircraft

• a chemical/civil/electrical/mechanical engineer

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition

engineer / ˌen.dʒɪˈnɪə r / / -ˈnɪr / noun [ C ]

A2 a person whose job is to design or build machines, engines, or electrical equipment, or things such as roads, railways, or bridges, using scientific principles:

a civil engineer

a mechanical/structural engineer

a software engineer

a person whose job is to repair or control machines, engines, or electrical equipment:

a computer engineer

The engineer is coming to repair our phone tomorrow morning.

US an engine driver

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

engineer

/endʒɪnɪə(r)/
(engineers, engineering, engineered)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

1.
An engineer is a person who uses scientific knowledge to design, construct, and maintain engines and machines or structures such as roads, railways, and bridges.
N-COUNT
see also chemical engineer, civil engineer, electrical engineer, sound engineer

2.
An engineer is a person who repairs mechanical or electrical devices.
They send a service engineer to fix the disk drive.
N-COUNT

3.
An engineer is a person who is responsible for maintaining the engine of a ship while it is at sea.
N-COUNT

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary:

¹en·gi·neer /ˌɛnʤəˈniɚ/ noun, pl -neers [count]
1 : a person who has scientific training and who designs and builds complicated products, machines, systems, or structures : a person who specializes in a branch of engineering
• Design engineers are working on ways to make the cars run more efficiently.
• a mechanical/civil/electrical engineer
• a software engineer
2 a : a person who runs or is in charge of an engine in an airplane, a ship, etc.
• a flight engineer
b US : a person who runs a train
• The engineer stopped the train.
c Brit : a person who is trained to repair electrical or mechanical equipment
• The telephone engineer [=(US) repairman] soon got my phone working again.
3 : a soldier who builds roads, bridges, etc.
• Army engineers were called in to construct the canal.

banker

banker [noun]

/ˈbæŋ.kɚ/

/ˈbæŋ.kər/

Persian equivalent:

Theme, CEFR level & Tags

Level:

B2 (Upper-intermediate)

Region:

Oxford Essential Dictionary

banker

noun
a person who owns a bank or who has an important job in a bank

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

banker

bank‧er /ˈbæŋkə $ -ər/ noun [countable]
1. someone who works in a bank in an important position
2. the player who is in charge of the money in some gambling games

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

banker

bank·er [banker bankers] [ˈbæŋkə(r)] [ˈbæŋkər] noun

1. a person who owns a bank or has an important job at a bank

• a merchant banker

2. a person who is in charge of the money in particular games

Word Origin:

mid 16th cent.: from French banquier, from banque or Italian banca, from medieval Latin banca, bancus, of Germanic origin.

Example Bank:

• He's an investment banker in New York..

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

bank

bank (ORGANIZATION) /bæŋk/
noun [C]
1 an organization where people and businesses can invest or borrow money, change it to foreign money, etc., or a building where these services are offered:
High street banks have been accused of exploiting small firms.
I need to go to the bank at lunch time.
I had to take out a bank loan to start my own business.

2 A bank of something, such as blood or human organs for medical use, is a place which stores these things for later use:
a blood bank
a sperm bank

3 In gambling, the bank is money that belongs to the owner and can be won by the players.

bank /bæŋk/
verb [I or T]
I used to bank with Lloyd's (= keep my money there).

bankable /ˈbæŋ.kə.bļ/
adjective
likely to make money:
She is currently Hollywood's most bankable actress (= Her films make large profits).

bankability /bæŋ.kəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/ US /-ə.ţi/
noun [C]
an ability to make money:
His bankability as a pop star decreased as he got older.

banker /ˈbæŋ.kəʳ/ US /-kɚ/
noun [C]
1 someone with an important position in a bank:
She was a successful banker by the time she was forty.

2 the person in gambling games who is responsible for looking after the money

banking /ˈbæŋ.kɪŋ/
noun [U]
the business of operating a bank:
The intricacies of international banking remained a mystery to him.

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

banker

/bæŋkə(r)/
(bankers)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

A banker is someone who works in banking at a senior level.
...an investment banker.
...a merchant banker.

N-COUNT

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary:

banker

bank·er /ˈbæŋkɚ/ noun, pl -ers [count] : a person who owns a bank or who has an important job in a bank

B2 (Upper-intermediate)

banker

noun

married

/ˈmer.id/

/ˈmær.id/

Example:

He has been married for several years.

Persian equivalent:

Oxford Essential Dictionary

married

adjective
having a husband or a wife:
Ian is married to Helen.
opposite single or unmarried

get married to take somebody as your husband or wife:
Fran and Paul got married last year.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

married

mar‧ried S2 W2 /ˈmærid/ BrE AmE adjective
[Word Family: verb: marry, remarry; noun: marriage, remarriage; adjective: married ≠ unmarried, marriageable]
1. having a husband or a wife:
Are you married or single?
They’ve been married for eight years.
Married men earn 70 percent more than single men.
married to
Nicole is married to my brother.
We’re getting married (=marrying) next month.
married couple/man/woman
a happily married man
When she first came to London, she was newly married and out of work.
So, how do you like married life?
► Do not say ‘be married with’ someone or ‘get married with’ someone. Say be married to someone or get married to someone.
2. be married to something to give most of your time and attention to a job or activity:
I was married to my job.
• • •
COLLOCATIONS
■ verbs
▪ be married She’s married now, and living in London.
▪ get married (=to have a wedding) Did you know that they are going to get married?
▪ stay married I cannot stay married to a man I do not love.
▪ be married with children (=to be married and have children) Kevin is married with four children.
■ adverbs
▪ happily married (=in a happy relationship with your husband or wife) I have been happily married for nine years.
▪ unhappily married (=not in a happy relationship with your husband or wife) They were behaving like an unhappily married old couple.
▪ newly/recently married (=married not long ago) The newly married couple arrived at their hotel.
■ nouns
▪ a married man/woman By 1957 a third of married women were working.
▪ a married couple Most of their friends are married couples.
▪ married life Throughout her married life, her husband’s interests had come first.
▪ sb’s married name (=a woman’s last name, when she has changed it to her husband’s name) She gave them Pat’s married name and address.
▪ married quarters (=where soldiers live with their wives) Can a soldier’s wife continue to live in married quarters if her husband leaves her?
• • •
THESAURUS
▪ married having a husband or wife: How long have you been married? | a married couple
▪ single not married: Chris is 45 and still single. | single mothers
▪ engaged having formally agreed to marry someone in the future: Jane and Pete have just got engaged. | engaged couples
▪ live together to share a home and have a sexual relationship, but not be married: More and more couples are choosing to live together rather than get married.
▪ separated no longer living with your husband or wife because of problems in your marriage: I think Joan and Brian are separated now.
▪ divorced no longer married because you have legally ended your marriage: My parents got divorced when I was 10. | divorced men
▪ widowed no longer married because your husband or wife has died: He’s a widowed father of two.
■ husband/wife etc
▪ husband/wife the man/woman you are married to: My wife’s a teacher.
▪ partner the person you live with and have a sexual relationship with. Partner is often used when people are not married, or when you do not know if they are married. It is also used when talking about same-sex couples: He lives with his partner Ruth and their eight-month-old son.
▪ fiancé/fiancée the man/woman you are engaged to: He and fiancée Wendy Hodgson will marry in July.
▪ divorcee a woman who is divorced: The Prince announced his intention to marry Mrs Wallis Simpson, an American divorcee.
▪ widow/widower a woman or man whose husband or wife has died: Imelda Marcos, the widow of the former President
▪ spouse formal your spouse is your husband or wife: The rule applies to spouses and children of military personnel.
▪ estranged wife/husband formal someone’s estranged husband or wife is one who they do not live with anymore: She is trying to get her sons back from her estranged husband.
■ someone who is not married
▪ bachelor a man who has never been married: He’s a confirmed bachelor (=a man who has decided he will never marry).
▪ spinster old-fashioned a woman who has never been married and is no longer young: The house was owned by an elderly spinster.

marry

mar‧ry S1 W2 /ˈmæri/ BrE AmE verb (past tense and past participle married, present participle marrying, third person singular marries)
[Word Family: verb: marry, remarry; noun: marriage, remarriage; adjective: married ≠ unmarried, marriageable]
[Date: 1200-1300; Language: French; Origin: marier, from Latin maritare, from maritus 'husband']
1. [intransitive and transitive] if you marry someone, you become their husband or wife ⇨ married:
He married Bea in 1925.
I’m going to ask her to marry me on St Valentine’s Day.
She married young (=at a young age).
People in higher social classes are more likely to marry late (=when they are older than is usual).
Sophia had, in a sense, married beneath her (=married someone of a lower social class than her).
REGISTER
In everyday English, rather than saying that two people marry, people usually say that they get married.
▪ My parents got married in 1986.
2. [transitive] to perform the ceremony at which two people get married:
The priest who married us was really nice.
3. [transitive] to find a husband or wife for one of your children
marry somebody to somebody
She was determined to marry all of her daughters to rich men.
4. [transitive] (also marry up) formal to combine two different ideas, designs, tastes etc together
marry something with/to something
The building’s design marries a traditional style with modern materials.
marry something and something
He writes fiction that marries up realism and the supernatural.
5. not the marrying kind not the type of person who wants to get married:
I’m just not the marrying kind.
marry into something phrasal verb
to join a family or social group by marrying someone who belongs to it:
She married into a very wealthy family.
marry somebody ↔ off phrasal verb
to find a husband or wife for someone – used in order to show disapproval
marry somebody ↔ off to
They married her off to the first young man who came along.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

married

mar·ried [married marrieds] [ˈmærid] [ˈmærid] adjective
1. having a husband or wife
• a married man/woman
• Is he married?
• a happily married couple
• She's married to John.
• Rachel and David are getting married on Saturday.
• How long have you been married?

Opp: unmarried

2. only before noun connected with marriage
• Are you enjoying married life?

• Her married name (= the family name of her husband) is Jones.

3. ~ to sth very involved in sth so that you have no time for other activities or interests
• My brother is married to his job.
Collocations:
Marriage and divorce
Romance
fall/be (madly/deeply/hopelessly) in love (with sb)
be/believe in/fall in love at first sight
be/find true love/the love of your life
suffer (from) (the pains/pangs of) unrequited love
have/feel/show/express great/deep/genuine affection for sb/sth
meet/marry your husband/wife/partner/fiancé/fiancée/boyfriend/girlfriend
have/go on a (blind) date
be going out with/ (especially NAmE) dating a guy/girl/boy/man/woman
move in with/live with your boyfriend/girlfriend/partner
Weddings
get/be engaged/married/divorced
arrange/plan a wedding
have a big wedding/a honeymoon/a happy marriage
have/enter into an arranged marriage
call off/cancel/postpone your wedding
invite sb to/go to/attend a wedding/a wedding ceremony/a wedding reception
conduct/perform a wedding ceremony
exchange rings/wedding vows/marriage vows
congratulate/toast/raise a glass to the happy couple
be/go on honeymoon (with your wife/husband)
celebrate your first (wedding) anniversary
Separation and divorce
be unfaithful to/ (informal) cheat on your husband/wife/partner/fiancé/fiancée/boyfriend/girlfriend
have an affair (with sb)
break off/end an engagement/a relationship
break up with/split up with/ (informal) dump your boyfriend/girlfriend
separate from/be separated from/leave/divorce your husband/wife
annul/dissolve a marriage
apply for/ask for/go through/get a divorce
get/gain/be awarded/have/lose custody of the children
pay alimony/child support (to your ex-wife/husband)
Example Bank:
• I wouldn't have felt properly married if it hadn't been a church wedding.
• She's married to an actor.
• The newly married couple left for their honeymoon in Spain.
• When did you get married?

• a married man/woman/couple

marry

marry [marry marries married marrying] [ˈmæri] [ˈmæri] verb (mar·ries, marry·ing, mar·ried, mar·ried)
1. transitive, intransitive to become the husband or wife of sb; to get married to sb
• ~ (sb) She married a German.
• He was 36 when he married Viv.
• He never married.
• I guess I'm not the marrying kind (= the kind of person who wants to get married).
• + adj. They married young. It is more common to say
• They're getting married next month. than

• They're marrying next month.

2. transitive ~ sb to perform a ceremony in which a man and woman become husband and wife

• They were married by the local priest.

3. transitive ~ sb (to sb) to find a husband or wife for sb, especially your daughter or son

4. transitive ~ sth and/to/with sth (formal) to combine two different things, ideas, etc. successfully
Syn: unite
• The music business marries art and commerce.
Idioms: marry in haste ▪ marry money
Derived: marry into something ▪ marry somebody off ▪ marry something up
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Middle English: from Old French marier, from Latin maritare, from maritus, literally ‘married’, (as a noun) ‘husband’.
Culture:
weddings
A wedding is the occasion when people get married. Marriage is the state of being married, though the word can also mean the wedding ceremony.
Before getting married a couple get engaged. It is traditional for the man to propose (= ask his girlfriend to marry him) and, if she accepts, to give his new fiancée an engagement ring, which she wears on the third finger of her left hand. Today many couples decide together to get married.
The couple then set a date and decide who will perform the marriage ceremony and where it will be held. In the US judges and religious leaders can perform weddings. Religious weddings are often held in a church or chapel, but the ceremony can take place anywhere and couples often choose somewhere that is special to them. In Britain many couples still prefer to be married in church, even if they are not religious. Others choose a civil ceremony conducted by a registrar at a registry office, or, since 1994 when the law was changed, at one of the many hotels and historic buildings which are licensed for weddings.
Traditionally, the family of the bride (= the woman who is to be married) paid for the wedding, but today the couple usually pay part of the cost. Many people choose a traditional wedding with a hundred or more guests. Before the wedding, the couple send out printed invitations and guests buy a gift for them, usually something for their home. In the US couples register at a store by leaving there a list of presents they would like. Guests go to the store to look at the list and buy a present. In Britain couples send a wedding list to guests or, as in America, open a bride’s book in a large store.
Before a wedding can take place in a church it must be announced there on three occasions. This is called the reading of the banns. Some religious groups refuse to allow a couple to marry in church if either of them has been divorced, but they may agree to bless the marriage after a civil ceremony.
Before the wedding the bride and bride groom or groom (= her future husband) often go to separate parties given for them by friends. At the groom’s stag party guests drink alcohol and joke about how the groom is going to lose his freedom. For the bride there is a hen party, called in the US a bachelorette party. Sometimes these parties take the form of a weekend trip to a foreign city.
At the wedding the groom’s closest male friend acts as the best man and stands next to him during the ceremony. Other friends act as ushers and show guests where to sit. The bride’s closest woman friend is chief bridesmaid (AmE maid of honour), or matron of honour if she is married, and other friends are bridesmaids. Children are bridesmaids if they are girls or pages if they are boys.
Many women choose to have a white wedding, and wear a long white wedding dress, with a veil (= a piece of thin white material) covering the face. The bride’s wedding clothes should include ‘something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue’, to bring luck. The bridesmaids wear matching dresses specially made for the occasion and, like the bride, carry bouquets of flowers. The bridegroom, the best man and other men may wear morning dress (= a long-tailed jacket, dark trousers and a top hat) or, in the US, a tuxedo (= a black suit with a white shirt). Women guests dress smartly and often wear hats. Men often hire their clothes for a wedding but women often use a wedding as an opportunity to buy something new.
The bride traditionally arrives at the church a few minutes late and enters with her father who will give her away to her husband. The bride and groom exchange vows (= promise to stay together and support each other). The groom places a wedding ring on the third finger of the bride’s left hand, and sometimes the bride gives him a ring too. The couple are then declared man and wife. They sign the register (= the official record of marriages) and as they leave the church guests throw rice or confetti (= small pieces of coloured paper in lucky shapes, such as horseshoes and bells) over them.
The ‘ happy couple ’ and their guests then go to the wedding reception at the bride’s home, a hotel or the place where the ceremony took place if it was not a church or registry office. There are often speeches by the best man, the bride’s father and the bridegroom. The bride and groom together cut a wedding cake, which usually has several tiers (= layers), each covered with white icing (AmE frosting), with figures of a bride and groom on the top one. Before the newly-weds leave for their honeymoon (= a holiday to celebrate their marriage) the bride throws her bouquet in the air: there is a belief that the woman who catches it will soon be married herself. The car the couple leave in has usually been decorated by their friends with the words ‘ just married ’ and with old tin cans or shoes tied to the back.
Thesaurus:
marry verb T, I
• She married a German.
get married • • remarry • |old-fashioned journalism wed •
plan/want/hope/be going to marry/get married/remarry
sb never married/got married/remarried/wed
Marry or get married? If there is no object it is more common to use get married, except in formal English; if there is an object, marry is more common
• We got married in May.
• I should never have married him.

Word Family:
marry verb
mar • riage noun
mar • ried adjective (≠ unmarried)
Collocations:
Marriage and divorce
Romance
fall/be (madly/deeply/hopelessly) in love (with sb)
be/believe in/fall in love at first sight
be/find true love/the love of your life
suffer (from) (the pains/pangs of) unrequited love
have/feel/show/express great/deep/genuine affection for sb/sth
meet/marry your husband/wife/partner/fiancé/fiancée/boyfriend/girlfriend
have/go on a (blind) date
be going out with/ (especially NAmE) dating a guy/girl/boy/man/woman
move in with/live with your boyfriend/girlfriend/partner
Weddings
get/be engaged/married/divorced
arrange/plan a wedding
have a big wedding/a honeymoon/a happy marriage
have/enter into an arranged marriage
call off/cancel/postpone your wedding
invite sb to/go to/attend a wedding/a wedding ceremony/a wedding reception
conduct/perform a wedding ceremony
exchange rings/wedding vows/marriage vows
congratulate/toast/raise a glass to the happy couple
be/go on honeymoon (with your wife/husband)
celebrate your first (wedding) anniversary
Separation and divorce
be unfaithful to/ (informal) cheat on your husband/wife/partner/fiancé/fiancée/boyfriend/girlfriend
have an affair (with sb)
break off/end an engagement/a relationship
break up with/split up with/ (informal) dump your boyfriend/girlfriend
separate from/be separated from/leave/divorce your husband/wife
annul/dissolve a marriage
apply for/ask for/go through/get a divorce
get/gain/be awarded/have/lose custody of the children
pay alimony/child support (to your ex-wife/husband)
Example Bank:
• He asked me to marry him but I said no.
• He believes same-sex couples should be able to marry.
• He married her for love, not for money.
• He promised to marry her when he returned.
• I don't want to marry Robert.
• Matt told me he was going to marry again.
• People are marrying later these days.
• They are hoping to get married next year.
• They plan to marry next year.
• This was the woman he chose to marry.
• To keep his wealthy lifestyle, he had to marry well.
• the difficulties of marrying into the royal family
• I guess I'm not the marrying kind.

• The focus for business should be how to marry economic efficiency with social justice.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition

married / ˈmær.id / / ˈmer- / adjective

A2 having a wife or husband:

a married couple

We've been happily married for five years.

Please state whether you are single, cohabiting, married, separated, divorced or widowed.

PC Smith was married with two children.

So how are you enjoying married life ?

She had an affair with a married man .

The survey reveals that two-thirds of married women earn less than their husbands.

So how long have you been married to Nicky?

figurative Rachel seems to be married to (= very involved with) her new job at the moment, so we hardly ever see her.

get married A2 to begin a legal relationship with someone as their husband or wife:

When are you getting married?

Chris and Debbie got married last summer.

Jamie's getting married to Laura.

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

married

[mæ̱rid]
♦♦♦
1) ADJ: oft ADJ to n If you are married, you have a husband or wife.
  We have been married for 14 years...
  She is married to an Englishman.
  ...a married man with two children.
2) ADJ: ADJ n Married means relating to marriage or to people who are married.
  For the first ten years of our married life we lived in a farmhouse.
3) ADJ: v-link ADJ to n If you say that someone is married to their work or another activity, you mean that they are very involved with it and have little interest in anything else.
  She was a very strict Christian who was married to her job...
  I have little time for women because I'm married to my cricket, so I'm leaving the arrangements to my sister.

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary:

¹mar·ried /ˈmerid/ adj
1 a : united in marriage
• a newly/recently married couple
• They are happily married with several children.
• They're planning to get married [=planning to marry] in October.
b : having a husband or wife
• a married man/woman
• Is he married?
- often + to
• He has been married to his wife for almost 50 years. = He and his wife have been married to each other for almost 50 years.
c always used before a noun : of or relating to marriage
• He's enjoying married life.
2 : very involved with something (such as a job) - + to
• He's married to his work. [=he gives all of his attention to his work]

Mr

Mr [noun]

/ˈmɪs.tɚ/

/ˈmɪs.tər/

Example:

Mr Jones works here.

Used before a man’s family name to be polite when you are speaking to him, writing to him, or talking about him

Persian equivalent:

Example:

Mr Jones works here.

Theme, CEFR level & Tags

Theme:

royalty

aristocracy and titles

Level:

A1 (Basic)

Region:

Oxford Essential Dictionary

noun
a word that you use before the name of a man:
Mr Richard Waters
Mr Holland

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

Mr BrE AmE British English, Mr. American English /ˈmɪstə $ -ər/
1. used before a man’s family name to be polite when you are speaking to him, writing to him, or talking about him:
Mr Smith is the headteacher.
Mr. John Smith
Mr and Mrs Smith
2. used when speaking to a man in an official position:
Mr Chairman
Mr. President ⇨ ↑madam(3)
3. Mr Right a man who would be the perfect husband for a particular woman:
She’s finally found Mr. Right.
4. Mr Big informal the leader or most important person in a group, especially a criminal group
5. Mr Clean informal someone who is honest and always obeys the law
6. Mr Sarcasm/Mr Messy/Mr Forgetful etc spoken used humorously to say that someone has a particular quality or behaves in a particular way:
I don’t think we need any comments from Mr Sarcasm here.
⇨ no more Mr Nice Guy! at ↑guy(5)

Mr.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Mr [Mr Messrs] (BrE) (also Mr. NAmE, BrE) [ˈmɪstə(r)] [ˈmɪstər] abbreviation
1. a title that comes before a man's family name, or before his first and family names together
• Mr Brown
• Mr John Brown

• Mr and Mrs Brown

2. a title used to address a man in some official positions
• Thank you, Mr Chairman.
• Mr. President
see also mister
Idioms: Mr Nice Guy ▪ Mr Right
Word Origin:

late Middle English: originally an abbreviation of master; compare with mister.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition

Mr / ˈmɪs.tə r / / -tɚ / noun

A1 a title used before the family name or full name of a man who has no other title, or when talking to man who holds a particular official position:

Mr Jones/Mr David Jones

[ as form of address ] Good afternoon, Mr Dawson.

We're looking for a Mr (= a man called) George Smith.

It's an honour to have you here today, Mr President.

→ Compare Miss , Mrs , Ms

used when expressing the idea that a man is typical of or represents a quality, activity, or place:

She's still hoping to meet Mr Right (= the perfect man) .

He thinks he's Mr Big (= someone very important) .

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

/mɪstə(r)/

Note: in AM, use 'Mr.'

1.
Mr is used before a man’s name when you are speaking or referring to him.
...Mr Grant.
...Mr Bob Price.
...Mr and Mrs Daniels.
N-TITLE

2.
Mr is sometimes used in front of words such as ‘President’ and ‘Chairman’ to address the man who holds the position mentioned.
Mr. President, you’re aware of the system.
N-VOC: N n

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary:

Mr.

Mr. US or Brit Mr /ˈmɪstɚ/ noun
1 a
- used as a title before the name of a man
• Mr. Doe
• How are you, Mr. Jones?
• Mr. John Doe
- compare mister; see also messrs.
b
- used as a title when speaking to a man who has an honored position or office
• “It's an honor to meet you, Mr. President/Chairman.”
2 a
- used as part of a title for a man who has won a contest
• Mr. Universe
b
- used to refer to a man who is very successful and famous for a particular activity (such as a sport) or who has a particular quality
• He came to be known as Mr. Baseball.
• She thinks her boyfriend is Mr. Wonderful. [=she thinks her boyfriend is wonderful]

Ms

Ms [noun]

Example:

Can I help you, Ms Jones?

used before a woman’s family name when she does not want to be called ‘Mrs’ or ‘Miss’, or when you do not know whether she is married or not

Persian equivalent:

Example:

Can I help you, Ms Jones?

Theme, CEFR level & Tags

Theme:

royalty

aristocracy and titles

Level:

A2 (Elementary)

Region:

Oxford Essential Dictionary

noun
a word that you can use before the name of any woman, instead of Mrs or Miss:
Ms Fiona Green

grammar
Miss, Mrs, Ms and Mr are all titles that we use in front of somebody's family name, NOT their first name, unless it is included with the family name: Is there a Miss (Tamsin) Hudson here? • Hello, Miss Hudson, come this way (NOT Miss Tamsin).

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

I. MS /ˌem ˈes/ BrE AmE noun [uncountable]
(multiple sclerosis) a serious illness that gradually destroys the nerves, causing weakness and inability to move
II. MSc /ˌem es ˈsiː/ BrE AmE British English, MS American English noun abbreviation for
1. Master of Science; a university degree in a science subject that you get after studying for a year or two longer after your first degree, the ↑BSc. MSc is written after someone's name to show that they have this degree:
Sheila Cole, MSc
She has an MSc in engineering.
2. Master of Science; in Scotland and at the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, a university degree in a science subject which is of the same level as a BSc in other universities ⇨ ↑ma

Ms BrE AmE British English, Ms. American English /mɪz, məz/
used before a woman’s family name when she does not want to be called ‘Mrs’ or ‘Miss’, or when you do not know whether she is married or not ⇨ miss, Mrs:
Dear Ms Johnson, ...

ms noun (plural mss) [countable]
the written abbreviation of manuscript

Mrs

Mrs BrE AmE British English, Mrs. American English /ˈmɪsəz, ˈmɪsɪz/
1. used before a married woman’s family name to be polite when you are speaking to her, writing to her, or talking about her ⇨ miss, Mr:
Mrs. Smith
Mrs Meddeman heads the fund-raising committee.
Mr and Mrs David Smith
► Some married women prefer to be addressed as Ms because it does not draw attention to whether or not they are married.
2. Mrs Tidy/Mrs Efficient/Mrs Nosy etc spoken used humorously to say that a woman has a particular quality or behaves in a particular way:
Mrs Superefficient has already taken care of it.

Ms.

I. Ms BrE AmE British English, Ms. American English /mɪz, məz/
used before a woman’s family name when she does not want to be called ‘Mrs’ or ‘Miss’, or when you do not know whether she is married or not ⇨ miss, Mrs:
Dear Ms Johnson, ...
II. Ms. BrE AmE trademark
a US magazine for women, started by the ↑feminist writer Gloria ↑Steinem

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

MS [MS] (NAmE also M.S.) [ˌem ˈes] [ˌem ˈes] abbreviation

1. multiple sclerosis

2. manuscript

3. = MSc

Ms (BrE) (also Ms. NAmE, BrE) [mɪz] [mɪz] [məz] [məz] abbreviation
a title that comes before a woman's family name or before her first and family names together, and that can be used when you do not want to state whether she is married or not
• Ms Murphy
• Ms Jean Murphy
compare Miss, Mrs
Word Origin:

[Ms] 1950s: combination of Mrs and Miss (see miss).

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition

ms noun [ C ] ( plural mss )

written abbreviation for manuscript

Ms / məz / / mɪz / noun

A2 a title used before the family name or full name of a woman, used to avoid saying if she is married or not:

Ms Hill/Ms Paula Hill

[ as form of address ] What can I do for you, Ms Wood?

→ Compare Miss , Mr , Mrs

MS / ˌemˈes / noun [ U ]

abbreviation for multiple sclerosis

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

/məz, mɪz/

Note: in AM, use 'Ms.'

Ms is used, especially in written English, before a woman’s name when you are speaking to her or referring to her. If you use Ms, you are not specifying if the woman is married or not.
...Ms Brown.
...Ms Elizabeth Harman.

N-TITLE

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary:

MS abbr
1 Mississippi
2 multiple sclerosis

Ms.

Ms. US or Brit Ms /ˈmɪz/ noun
- used as a title before a woman's name instead of Miss or Mrs.
• Ms. Smith
• Ms. Jane Smith
✦Ms. can be used whether or not a woman is married.
- compare miss, mrs.

Mrs

Mrs [noun]

/ˈmɪs.ɪz/

Example:

Good morning, Mrs Adams

used before a married woman’s family name to be polite when you are speaking to her, writing to her, or talking about her

Persian equivalent:

Example:

Good morning, Mrs Adams

Theme, CEFR level & Tags

Theme:

royalty

aristocracy and titles

Level:

A1 (Basic)

Region: