adjective

only

US /ˈoʊn.li/ 
UK /ˈəʊn.li/ 

used for showing that there are no other things or people of the same kind as the one or ones that you are mentioning

Persian equivalent: 
Example: 

He is my only friend.

 

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

only

I. only1 S1 W1 /ˈəʊnli $ ˈoʊn-/ adverb
1. not more than a particular number, age etc:
Naomi was only 17 when she got married.
There are only a few cars on the island.
It’s only eight o'clock.
2. used to say that something or someone is not very important, serious etc:
It was only a joke.
It’s an interesting job, but it’s only temporary.
They’re only small cuts, nothing life-threatening.
3. nothing or no one except a particular person or thing:
Only the president can authorize a nuclear attack.
We use only the best ingredients.
women/men/residents etc only
The car park is for staff only.
4. used to say that something happens or is possible in one particular situation or place and no others, or for one particular reason:
I’ll tell you, but only if you don’t tell anyone else.
I ate the food, but only because I was starving.
The transfer takes place only when the data is complete.
GRAMMAR
You can put a phrase or clause beginning with only first, to emphasize it. You put the subject after an auxiliary in the main clause:
▪ Only in London did I find a purpose in life.
▪ Only by changing themselves can organizations continue to succeed.
5. no earlier than a particular time
only yesterday/last week/recently
‘When did you email her?’ ‘Only yesterday.’
only then did/would/could etc somebody do something (=at that moment and not before)
Only then did she tell him about the attack.
6. only just British English
a) a very short time ago:
She’s only just got up.
b) almost not SYN barely:
I only just finished my essay in time.
7. can only hope/wait etc used to say that it is not possible to do more than hope etc:
We can only hope it won’t rain on the day.
8. I can only think/suppose/assume (that) spoken used when you are giving a reason for something, to say that you do not know something for certain but think that this is the only possible reason:
I can only assume that it was a mistake.
9. I only wish/hope spoken used to express a strong wish or hope:
‘What’s happening?’ ‘I only wish I knew.’
10. if only spoken used to express a strong wish:
If only he’d call!
11. you’ll only spoken used to tell someone that what they want to do will have a bad effect:
Don’t interfere – you’ll only make things worse.
12. you only have to read/look at/listen to etc something spoken used to say that it is easy to know that something is true because you can see or hear things that prove it:
You only have to look at the statistics to see that things are getting worse.
13. only to used to say that someone did something, with a disappointing or surprising result:
I arrived only to find that the others had already left.
14. only too very:
Prices have risen sharply, as we know only too well.
Mark was only too happy to agree with her.
not only ... but (also) at not(4), ⇒ only have eyes for somebody at eye1(32), ⇒ for sb’s eyes only at eye1(25)
II. only2 S1 W1 adjective [only before noun]
[Language: Old English; Origin: anlic, from an; ⇒ one3]
1. used to say that there is one person, thing, or group in a particular situation and no others:
I was the only woman there.
He is our only child.
I was the only one who disagreed.
Cutting costs is the only solution.
She’s the only person for this job.
2. the only thing/problem is ... spoken used when you are going to mention a problem or disadvantage:
I could take you. The only thing is Dan might need the car.
3. an only child a child who has no brothers or sisters ⇒ the one and only at one4(2), ⇒ (only) time will tell at time1(36)
III. only3 conjunction spoken
used like ‘but’ to give the reason why something is not possible SYN except (that):
I’d offer to help, only I’m really busy just now.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

only

only adjective, adverb, conjunction   [ˈəʊnli]    [ˈoʊnli] 

adjective only before noun
1. used to say that no other or others of the same group exist or are there
• She's their only daughter.
• We were the only people there.

• His only answer was a grunt.

2. used to say that sb/sth is the best and you would not choose any other
• She's the only person for the job.
more at in name only at  name  n., one and only at  one  det.  
Word Origin:
Old English ānlic (adjective) (see one, -ly).

Idioms: not only … but …  only just  only thing is …  only too …  you're only young once 

 adverb
1. nobody or nothing except
• There are only a limited number of tickets available.
• The bar is for members only.
You only have to look at her to see she doesn't eat enough.

• Only five people turned up.

2. in no other situation, place, etc
• I agreed, but only because I was frightened.
• Children are admitted only if accompanied by an adult.  In formal written English only, or only if and its clause, can be placed first in the sentence. In the second part of the sentence, be, do, have, etc. come before the subject and the main part of the verb
Only in Paris do you find bars like this.

Only if these conditions are fulfilled can the application proceed to the next stage.

3. no more important, interesting, serious, etc. than
• It was only a suggestion.
• Don't blame me, I'm only the messenger!

• He was only teasing you.

4. no more than; no longer than
• She's only 21 and she runs her own business.
• It only took a few seconds.

• It took only a few seconds.

5. not until
• We only got here yesterday.

• (formal) Only then did she realize the stress he was under.  When only begins a sentence be, do, have, etc. come before the subject and the main part of the verb.

6. used to say that sb can do no more than what is mentioned, although this is probably not enough
• We can only guess what happened.
• He could only watch helplessly as the car plunged into the ravine.

• I only hope that she never finds out.

7. used to say that sth will have a bad effect
• If you do that, it will only make matters worse.

• Trying to reason with him only enrages him even more.

8. ~ to do sth used to mention sth that happens immediately afterwards, especially sth that causes surprise, disappointment, etc.
• She turned up the driveway, only to find her way blocked.
more at only have eyes for/have eyes only for sb at  eye  n., if only at  if  conj.  
Word Origin:
Old English ānlic (adjective) (see one, -ly).  
Language Bank:
addition
Adding another item
Bilingual children do better in IQ tests than children who speak only one language. In addition / What is more , they seem to find it easier to learn third or even fourth languages.
Learning another language not only improves children's job prospects in later life, but also boosts their self-esteem.
Teaching children a second language improves their job prospects in later life. Other benefits include increased self-esteem and greater tolerance of other cultures.
Another / One further / One additional reason for encouraging bilingual education is that it boosts children's self-esteem.
Studies suggest that bilingual children find it easier to learn additional languages. There is, moreover , increasing evidence that bilingual children perform better across a range of school subjects, not just foreign languages.
His claim that children find bilingual education confusing is based on very little evidence. Moreover , the evidence he does provide is seriously flawed.

Research has shown that first-language development is not impeded by exposure to a second language. Furthermore , there is no evidence to support the claim that children find bilingual education confusing.

 conjunction (informal)
except that; but
• I'd love to come, only I have to work.
• It tastes like chicken, only stronger.  
Word Origin:

[only] Old English ānlic (adjective) (see one, -ly).

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

only

only (BUT) /ˈəʊn.li/ US /ˈoʊn-/
conjunction
used to show what is the single or main reason why something mentioned in the first part of the sentence cannot be performed or is not completely true:
I'd invite Frances to the party, only (= but I will not because) I don't want her husband to come.
I'd phone him myself, only (= but I cannot because) I've got to go out.
I'd be happy to do it for you, only (= but) don't expect it to be done before next week.
This fabric is similar to wool, only (= except that it is) cheaper.

only (LIMIT) /ˈəʊn.li/ US /ˈoʊn-/
adverb
1 used to show that something is limited to the people, things, amount or activity stated:
At present these televisions are only available in Japan.
Only Sue and Mark bothered to turn up for the meeting.
This club is for members only.
Only an idiot would do that.
These shoes only cost £20.
Don't worry - it's only a scratch.
I was only joking.
I was only trying to help.
I only arrived half an hour ago.
She spoke to me only (= no more than) a few minutes ago on the phone.
It's only four o'clock and (= It is surprising that it is no later than four o'clock because) it's already getting dark.
"Who's there?" "It's only me (= it is not someone you should worry about). I've locked myself out."
It's only natural that you should worry about your children.

2 used to express regret about something that cannot happen when explaining why it cannot happen:
I'd love to go to Australia. I only wish I could afford to.

3 used when saying that something unpleasant will happen as a result of an action or a failure to act:
If you don't do something about it now it will only get worse.

4 INFORMAL used to show that you think someone has done something foolish:
She's only locked herself out of her flat again!

only (SINGLE OR FEW) /ˈəʊn.li/ US /ˈoʊn-/
adjective [before noun]
used to show that there is a single one or very few of something, or that there are no others:
I was the only person on the train.
Is this really the only way to do it?
The only thing that matters is that the baby is healthy.
It was the only thing I could do under the circumstances.
Rita was the only person to complain.

imaginative

imaginative [adjective]
US /ɪˈmædʒ.ə.nə.t̬ɪv/ 
UK /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪ.nə.tɪv/ 
Example: 

He is a very imaginative artist.

involving new, different, or exciting ideas

Persian equivalent: 
Example: 

He is a very imaginative artist.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

imaginative

 adjective
having or showing imagination:
imaginative ideas

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

imaginative

imaginative /ɪˈmædʒənətɪv, ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/ adjective
  [Word Family: adjective: imaginable ≠ unimaginable, imaginary, imaginative ≠ unimaginative, unimagined; noun: imagination, imaginings; adverb: unimaginably, imaginatively; verb: imagine]
 1. containing new and interesting ideas:
   • an imaginative use of computer technology
   • children’s imaginative play
   • an imaginative solution to the litter problem
 2. good at thinking of new and interesting ideas:
   • an imaginative child
 —imaginatively adverb

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

imaginative

 

im·agina·tive   [ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv]    [ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv]  adjective

having or showing new and exciting ideas

Syn:  inventive

• an imaginative approach/idea/child

• recipes that make imaginative use of seasonal vegetables

• You'll need to be a little more imaginative if you want to hold their attention.

Opp:  unimaginative

Derived Word: imaginatively 

 

Word Origin:

[imaginative imaginatively] late Middle English: from Old French imaginatif, -ive, from medieval Latin imaginativus, from Latin imaginat- ‘represented as an image’, from imago, imagin- ‘image’.

 

Example Bank:

• You'll need to be a little more imaginative if you want to hold their attention.

• an imaginative child

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

imaginative /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪ.nə.tɪv/ US /-ţɪv/
adjective APPROVING
1 new, original and clever:
an imaginative new approach/policy
The architects have made imaginative use of glass and transparent plastic.

2 good at producing ideas or things that are unusual, clever or showing skill in inventing:
an imaginative designer

imaginatively /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪ.nə.tɪv.li/ US /-ţɪv-/
adverb

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

imaginative

[ɪmæ̱ʤɪnətɪv]
 ADJ-GRADED (approval)
 If you describe someone or their ideas as imaginative, you are praising them because they are easily able to think of or create new or exciting things.
  ...an imaginative writer.
  ...hundreds of cooking ideas and imaginative recipes...
  They should adopt a more imaginative approach and investigate alternative uses for their property.
 Syn:
 inventive
 Ant:
 unimaginative
  Derived words:
  imaginatively ADV-GRADED ADV with v The hotel is decorated imaginatively and attractively.

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

imaginative

imag·i·na·tive /ɪˈmæʤənətɪv/ adj
1 [more ~; most ~] : having or showing an ability to think of new and interesting ideas : having or showing imagination
• an imaginative [=creative] filmmaker
• She wrote an imaginative story about life on the planet Venus.
• The restaurant's menu is quite imaginative.
imaginative thinking/writing
2 always used before a noun : of or relating to imagination
• a child's imaginative life
- imag·i·na·tive·ly adv
• an imaginatively designed menu

educated

US /ˈedʒ.ə.keɪ.t̬ɪd/ 
UK /ˈedʒ.u.keɪ.tɪd/ 

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

educated

educated /ˈedjʊkeɪtəd, ˈedjʊkeɪtɪd $ ˈedʒə-/ BrE AmE adjective
[Word Family: noun: education, educationalist, educationist, educator; adjective: educated ≠ uneducated, educational, educable ≠ ineducable, educative; verb: educate; adverb: educationally]
1. having been well taught and learned a lot:
a highly educated woman
2. university-educated/well-educated/privately-educated etc having had a particular type of education
3. educated guess a guess that is likely to be correct because it is based on some knowledge:
Investors must make an educated guess as to the company’s potential.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

educated

 

edu·cated   [ˈedʒukeɪtɪd]    [ˈedʒukeɪtɪd]  adjective
1. -educated having had the kind of education mentioned; having been to the school, college or university mentioned
• privately educated children
• a British-educated lawyer

• He's a Princeton-educated Texan.

2. having had a high standard of education; showing a high standard of education
• an educated and articulate person
• the educated elite
• He spoke in an educated voice.
Idiom: educated guess  
Thesaurus:
educated [educated] adj.
• an educated and articulate spokesman
informed • • knowledgeable • • thinking • • well-read
Opp: uneducated
educated/informed/knowledgeable about sth
educated/informed/knowledgeable/thinking/well-read people  
Example Bank:
• Less formally educated people can acquire professional competence.
• She seemed intelligent and well educated.
• the need for a broadly educated workforce
• Educated people might see through these claims.
• Educated women are less likely to marry young.
• It is the best trained and educated workforce in Europe.
• Let's make an educated guess.
• She's an educated and articulate spokeswoman.

• This is sometimes seen as the newspaper for an educated elite.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

educated / ˈed.jʊ.keɪ.tɪd /   / -t̬ɪd / adjective

B2 having learned a lot at school or university and having a good level of knowledge:

She was probably the most highly educated prime minister of this century.

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

educated

[e̱ʤʊkeɪtɪd]
 ADJ-GRADED
 Someone who is educated has a high standard of learning.
  The general secretary of the TUC is an educated, amiable and decent man.
 Syn:
 learned

 

 

[-e̱ʤʊkeɪtɪd]
 1) COMB in ADJ -educated combines with nouns and adjectives to form adjectives indicating where someone was educated.
  ...the Oxford-educated son of a Liverpool merchant.
  ...an American-educated lawyer.
 2) COMB in ADJ-GRADED -educated combines with adverbs to form adjectives indicating how much education someone has had and how good it was.
  Many of the immigrants are well-educated.
  ...impoverished, undernourished, and ill-educated workers.

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

educated

 

educated adj [more ~; most ~]
1 a : having an education and especially a good education
• These companies want an educated work force.
• an educated woman with an impressive career
- opposite uneducated
b : having a particular kind of education
• He is poorly/well educated.
- sometimes used in combination
• college-educated people
• a Harvard-educated economist
- see also self-educated
2 : showing education (sense 1b)
educated speech/tastes
- opposite uneducated; see also educated guess at 2guess

hungry

hungry [adjective] (NEEDING FOOD)
US /ˈhʌŋ.ɡri/ 
UK /ˈhʌŋ.ɡri/ 
Example: 

A hungry man would do anything.

feeling that you want to eat

Persian equivalent: 

Oxford Essential Dictionary

hungry

 adjective (hungrier, hungriest)
wanting to eat:
Let's eat soon – I'm hungry!
Look at thirsty.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

hungry

hungry S2 /ˈhʌŋɡri/ adjective (comparative hungrier, superlative hungriest)
  [Word Family: noun: hunger; adverb: hungrily; adjective: hungry]
 1. wanting to eat something ⇨ thirsty:
   • I was cold, tired, and hungry.
   • If you get hungry, there’s some cold chicken in the fridge.
   • Do you still feel hungry?
 2. ill or weak as a result of not having enough to eat for a long time:
   • We can’t justify wasting food when half the world is hungry.
 3. go hungry to not have enough to eat:
   • Thousands of families go hungry every day.
 4. wanting or needing something very much SYN eager
  hungry for
   • She is hungry for success.
  hungry to do something
   • Stan was hungry to learn.
 5. the hungry [plural] people who do not have enough food to eat
 6. power-hungry/news-hungry etc wanting power, news etc very much:
   • a power-hungry politician
     • • •

THESAURUS

 

■ wanting to eat

   ▪ hungry wanting to eat something: • We were really hungry after our long walk. | • It’s hard work cooking for a bunch of hungry kids.
   ▪ peckish [not before noun] British English informal a little hungry: • I’m feeling a bit peckish. What’s in the fridge?
   ▪ starving/ravenous /ˈrævənəs/ (also starved American English) [not before noun] spoken very hungry and wanting to eat as soon as possible: • I missed lunch and I’m absolutely starving. | • Sam’s always ravenous when he gets home from school.
   ▪ famished very hungry. Famished is less common and sounds a little more formal than starving or ravenous: • Everyone was famished by the time they arrived.
   ▪ I could eat a horse! spoken used to say that you are very hungry: • ‘Are you hungry?’ ‘Yeah, I could eat a horse.’
   ▪ appetite the desire for food that you have when you are hungry: • Exercise usually gives me an appetite. | • It’s healthy to have a good appetite.

■ ill because of lack of food

   ▪ hungry ill or weak because of not having enough to eat: • terrible pictures of hungry children in Africa
   ▪ starving not having had enough food for a long time and likely to die soon without food: • Because of the drought, millions of people were starving. | • the starving refugees from the war
   ▪ malnourished formal unhealthy and thin because you have not had the right kinds of food over a long period of time: • According to the report, one-fifth of the world’s population are malnourished. | • malnourished infants

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

hungry

hun·gry [hungry hungrier hungriest]   [ˈhʌŋɡri]    [ˈhʌŋɡri]  adjective (hun·grier, hun·gri·est)

1. feeling that you want to eat sth

• I'm really hungry.

• She wasn't feeling very hungry.

• Is anyone getting hungry?

• All this talk of food is making me hungry.

• I have a hungry family to feed.

2. not having enough food to eat

• Thousands are going hungry because of the failure of this year's harvest.

3. the hungry noun plural people who do not have enough food to eat

4. only before noun causing you to feel that you want to eat sth

• All this gardening is hungry work.

5. ~ (for sth) having or showing a strong desire for sth

• Both parties are hungry for power.

• power-hungry

• The child is simply hungry for affection.

• His eyes had a wild hungry look in them.

Derived Word: hungrily 

 

Word Origin:

Old English hungrig, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch hongerig, German hungrig, also to hunger.

 

Thesaurus:

hungry adj.

• This talk of food is making me hungry.

starving • • ravenous

hungry/starving for sth

hungry/starving children/people

 

Example Bank:

• We were all ravenously hungry after the walk.

• the number of children who have to go hungry

• His eyes had a wild, hungry look in them.

• I'm really hungry.

• There were eight hungry mouths to feed at home.

• They've compiled a list of the ten most power-hungry companies in the country.

• Thousands are going hungry because of the failure of this year's harvest.

• We like to use small agencies that are hungry for our business.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

hungry / ˈhʌŋ.ɡri / adjective (NEEDING FOOD)

A1 wanting or needing food:

By four o'clock I felt/was really hungry.

The children are always hungry when they get home from school.

There are too many hungry people (= people without enough to eat) in the world.

She often goes hungry herself (= does not eat) so that her children can have enough to eat.

Digging the garden is hungry work (= makes you feel hunger) .

 

hungrily / -ɡrɪ.li / adverb

They sat down and ate hungrily.

He looked at her hungrily (= showing desire for her) .
 

hungry / ˈhʌŋ.ɡri / adjective (WANTING)

C2 having a strong wish or desire for something:

She was so hungry for success that she'd do anything to achieve it.

Journalists were hungry for details.

 

hungrily / -ɡrɪ.li / adverb

They sat down and ate hungrily.

He looked at her hungrily (= showing desire for her) .

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

hungry

 

/hʌŋgri/
(hungrier, hungriest)

1.
When you are hungry, you want some food because you have not eaten for some time and have an uncomfortable or painful feeling in your stomach.
My friend was hungry, so we drove to a shopping mall to get some food...
full
ADJ
hun‧gri‧ly
James ate hungrily.
ADV: ADV with v

2.
If people go hungry, they do not have enough food to eat.
Leonidas’ family had been poor, he went hungry for years.
PHRASE: V inflects

3.
If you say that someone is hungry for something, you are emphasizing that they want it very much. (LITERARY)
I left Oxford in 1961 hungry to be a critic.
= eager
ADJ: usu v-link ADJ for n, v-link ADJ to-inf [emphasis]

Hungry is also a combining form.
...power-hungry politicians.
COMB in ADJ
hun‧gri‧ly
He looked at her hungrily. What eyes! What skin!
ADV: ADV with v

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

hungry

hun·gry /ˈhʌŋgri/ adj hun·gri·er; -est
1 a : suffering because of a lack of food : greatly affected by hunger
• There are millions of hungry people throughout the world.
• Too many people in the world go hungry every day. [=suffer every day because they do not have enough food to eat]
b : having an uncomfortable feeling in your stomach because you need food : feeling hunger
• That girl is always hungry.
• I'm hungry. When's dinner?
• I feel hungry.
2 not used before a noun : feeling a strong desire or need for something or to do something
• The prisoners' families were hungry for more information.
• They were hungry to learn more.
hungry for success/attention/power
- often used in combination
• power-hungry politicians
3 always used before a noun : showing hunger or desire
hungry eyes
• a hungry look
4 : feeling a strong desire and determination to succeed
• The coach wants the players to stay hungry. [=to continue feeling a strong desire to win]
- hun·gri·ly /ˈhʌŋgrəli/ adv
• The dog stared hungrily at the food on the table.

effective

effective [adjective] (SUCCESSFUL)
US /əˈfek.tɪv/ 
UK /ɪˈfek.tɪv/ 
Example: 

It's an extremely effective cure for a headache.

someone or something that is effective works well and produces the result that was intended

Persian equivalent: 

He played his role most effectively.

او به‌ طور چشمگيرى نقش‌ خود را بازى كرد.‏

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

effective

effective S2 W1 /ɪˈfektɪv/ adjective
  [Word Family: noun: effect, effectiveness ≠ ineffectiveness; adjective: effective ≠ ineffective, effectual ≠ ineffectual; verb: effect; adverb: effectively ≠ ineffectively]
 1. successful, and working in the way that was intended OPP ineffective:
   • The cheaper drugs are just as effective in treating arthritis.
   • the painting’s highly effective use of colour
   • Training is often much less effective than expected.
   • the most effective ways of reducing inner city congestion
  REGISTER
   In everyday English, people usually say that something works (well), rather than say that it is effective:
   ▪ • The cheaper drugs work just as well.
 2. [no comparative, not before noun] if a law, agreement, or system becomes effective, it officially starts
  effective from
   • The cut in interest rates is effective from Monday.
 3. [no comparative, only before noun] real rather than what is officially intended or generally believed:
   • The rebels are in effective control of the city.
 —effectiveness noun [uncountable]
     • • •

COLLOCATIONS

 

■ adverbs

   ▪ extremely/highly effectiveThe company launched a highly effective advertising campaign.

■ nouns

   ▪ an effective wayWhat’s the most effective way to control crime?
   ▪ an effective methodExams are not the most effective method of assessing students’ abilities.
   ▪ an effective meansIs reducing the speed limit an effective means of reducing accidents?
   ▪ effective actionThe police must take effective action to protect the public.
   ▪ an effective solutionThe most effective solution to traffic congestion is to build more roads.
   ▪ an effective treatmentAntibiotics are still the most effective treatment for this disease.
   ▪ an effective systemThe country has a simple but effective welfare system.
     • • •

THESAURUS

   ▪ successful achieving what you wanted, or having the effect or result you intended: • He applied for a visa three times and in the end he was successful. | • The treatment was successful. | • It was a highly successful campaign.
   ▪ effective having the effect or result that was wanted - used especially about treatments, drugs, or methods: • The drug is effective against a range of diseases. | • We still haven't found an effective way to solve the problem.
   ▪ victorious successful as a result of winning in a game, election, war etc: • the captain of the victorious team | • She emerged victorious in the second round of voting.
   ▪ promising likely to be very successful in the future, used especially about someone who is good at a job, sport, art etc: • a promising young athlete | • He gave up a promising career in banking.
   ▪ thriving very successful – used about a company, industry, or organization that is doing well at a particular time: • The area has a thriving tourist industry. | • The school is thriving academically.
   ▪ booming extremely successful – used about an economy, or when business or trade is increasing: • the booming economy in China | • Business is booming.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

effective

ef·fect·ive   [ɪˈfektɪv]    [ɪˈfektɪv]  adjective

1. producing the result that is wanted or intended; producing a successful result

• Long prison sentences can be a very effective deterrent for offenders.

• Aspirin is a simple but highly effective treatment.

• drugs that are effective against cancer

• Some people believe that violence is an effective way of protesting.

• I admire the effective use of colour in her paintings.

Opp:  ineffective 

see also  cost-effective

2. only before noun in reality, although not officially intended

• the effective, if not the actual, leader of the party

• In spite of what they are told, parents have no effective choice of schools.

• He has now taken effective control of the country.

3. (formal) (of laws and rules) coming into use

• The new speed limit on this road becomes effective from 1 June.

Derived Word: effectiveness

See also: effectivity 

 

Word Origin:

late Middle English: from Latin effectivus, from efficere ‘accomplish’, from ex- ‘out, thoroughly’ + facere ‘do, make’.

 

Thesaurus:

effective [effective effectiveness] adj.

• a simple but highly effective treatment

successful • • powerful

Opp: ineffective

effective/successful/powerful in sth

effective/successful/powerful in doing sth

an effective/successful/powerful campaign/challenge

 

Example Bank:

• The drug is generally effective in reducing pain.

• This method is effective enough with greenfly.

• We find advertising on the radio very effective.

• What makes a TV programme politically effective?

• a highly effective technique

• directly effective treaty provisions

• effective at keeping out the wind

• effective in helping people to stop smoking

• He argued that long prison sentences could be a very effective deterrent for offenders.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

effect

effect (USE) /ɪˈfekt/
noun [U]
use:
The present system of payment will remain in effect (= be used) until the end of the rental agreement.
When do the new driving laws come into effect?
The new salary increases will take effect (= begin) from January onwards.

effective /ɪˈfek.tɪv/
adjective
The new laws will become effective next month.
See also effective at effect (RESULT).

 

x

effect (RESULT) /ɪˈfekt/
noun [C or U]
1 the result of a particular influence:
The radiation leak has had a disastrous effect on/upon the environment.
I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn't have any effect.
I think I'm suffering from the effects of too little sleep.
She has a lot of confidence which she uses to good effect (= to her advantage) in interviews.
See also after effects.

2 take effect to produce or achieve the results you want:
They had to wait ten minutes for the anaesthetic to take effect before they stitched up the cut.

3 MAINLY DISAPPROVING for effect If you say or do something for effect, you intentionally do it to shock people or attract their attention:
I get the impression that she uses bad language in meetings for effect.

4 in effect in fact, or in practice:
So in effect the government have lowered taxes for the rich and raised them for the poor.
See also effect (USE). effective /ɪˈfek.tɪv/
adjective
1 successful or achieving the results that you want:
It's an extremely effective cure for a headache.
The lighting for the production made a very effective use of shadow.
She's a very effective teacher.
NOTE: The opposite is ineffective.

2 [before noun] in fact, although not officially:
Although she's not officially our boss, she's in effective control of the office.
See also effective at effect (USE).

effectively /ɪˈfek.tɪv.li/
adverb
1 in a way that is successful and achieves what you want:
The tablets work more effectively if you take a hot drink after them.

2 used when you describe what the real result of a situation is:
His wife left him when the children were small, so he effectively brought up the family himself.
Effectively, we have to start again from scratch.

effectiveness /ɪˈfek.tɪv.nəs/
noun [U]
There are doubts about the effectiveness of the new drug (= how successful it is) in treating the disease.

effectual /ɪˈfek.tju.əl/
adjective FORMAL
effective and successful:
They wish to promote a real and effectual understanding between the two countries.

effectually /ɪˈfek.tju.əl.i/
adverb FORMAL

energetic

energetic
US /ˌen.ɚˈdʒet̬.ɪk/ 
UK /ˌen.əˈdʒet.ɪk/ 
Example: 

My father was an energetic man.

an energetic person has a lot of energy and is very active

Persian equivalent: 

Oxford Essential Dictionary

energetic

 adjective
full of energy so that you can do a lot of things

 

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

energetic

energetic AC /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk◂ $ -ər-/ adjective
  [Word Family: adjective: energetic, energizing; verb: energize; noun: energy; adverb: energetically]
  having or needing a lot of energy or determination:
   • an energetic man
   • an energetic drive to get more customers
  energetic in doing something
   • We need to be more energetic in promoting ourselves abroad.
 —energetically /-kli/ adverb:
   • He fought energetically against apartheid.
     • • •

THESAURUS

   ▪ energetic having a lot of energy: • If you’re feeling energetic, we could go out for a run.
   ▪ full of energy/bursting with energy energetic and ready to work hard or do a lot of things: • I admire her because she’s so full of energy and enthusiasm. | • When she first started at the college she was bursting with energy and full of new ideas.
   ▪ dynamic very energetic and always wanting to do new things: • What this country needs is a dynamic new leader.
   ▪ hyperactive having more energy than is normal or good, because you cannot keep still or quiet for very long – used especially about children: • Our youngest daughter was hyperactive, and it had a damaging effect on the whole family.
   ▪ tireless working with a lot of energy in a determined way, especially to achieve a particular thing: • She was a tireless campaigner against apartheid in South Africa.
   ▪ full of beans informal feeling energetic and happy and showing this in the way you behave: • He’s one of those people who leap out of bed full of beans every morning.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

energetic

en·er·get·ic AW   [ˌenəˈdʒetɪk]    [ˌenərˈdʒetɪk]  adjective

having or needing a lot of energy and enthusiasm

• He knew I was energetic and dynamic and would get things done.

• an energetic supporter

• The heart responds well to energetic exercise.

• For the more energetic (= people who prefer physical activities), we offer windsurfing and diving.

• I think I'd prefer something a little less energetic.

Derived Word: energetically 

 

Word Origin:

mid 17th cent. (in the sense ‘powerfully effective’): from Greek energētikos, from energein ‘operate, work in or upon’ (based on ergon ‘work’).

 

Thesaurus:

energetic [energetic energetically] adj.

• He's an energetic person who will get things done.

vigorous • • active • |approving lively • • dynamic • • spirited

energetic/active/lively/dynamic/spirited person/man/woman

energetic/active member of sth

energetic/vigorous/active/lively/dynamic/spirited campaign

Energetic or vigorous? Energetic tends to refer more to physical energy and activities; vigorous often refers to business and political activities

• a vigorous opponent/supporter/campaigner

 

Example Bank:

• Quasars are the highly energetic cores of distant galaxies.

• She seems remarkably energetic for a woman her age.

• For the more energetic we offer windsurfing and diving.

• He knew I was energetic and would get things done.

• I think I'd prefer something a little less energetic.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

energetic / ˌen.əˈdʒet.ɪk /   / -ɚˈdʒet̬- / adjective

B2 having or involving a lot of energy:

an energetic young woman

I tried aerobics but it was too energetic for me.

 

energetically / -ɪ.k ə l.i / adverb

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

energetic

[e̱nə(r)ʤe̱tɪk]
 1) ADJ-GRADED If you are energetic in what you do, you have a lot of enthusiasm and determination.
  Blackwell is 59, strong looking, enormously energetic and accomplished...
  The next government will play an energetic role in seeking multilateral nuclear disarmament.
  Derived words:
  energetically [e̱nə(r)ʤe̱tɪkli] ADV-GRADED ADV with v He talked on energetically... He had worked energetically all day on his new book.
 2) ADJ-GRADED An energetic person is very active and does not feel at all tired. An energetic activity involves a lot of physical movement and power.
  Ten year-olds are incredibly energetic.
  ...an energetic exercise routine.
  Derived words:
  energetically ADV-GRADED ADV with v Gretchen chewed energetically on the gristled steak.

 

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

energetic

en·er·get·ic /ˌɛnɚˈʤɛtɪk/ adj [more ~; most ~]
1 : having or showing a lot of energy
• She has an energetic personality.
• The children are energetic workers.
2 : involving a lot of effort
• They mounted an energetic campaign.
- en·er·get·i·cal·ly /ˌɛnɚˈʤɛtɪkli/ adv [more ~; most ~]
• They were working energetically.

loose

loose [adjective] (NOT TIGHT)
US /luːs/ 
UK /luːs/ 
Example: 

a loose shirt

loose clothes are large and do not fit your body tightly

Persian equivalent: 
Example: 

a loose shirt

Oxford Essential Dictionary

loose

 adjective (looser, loosest)

spelling
Remember! Don't confuse loose with lose, which is a verb: We mustn't lose this game.

1 not tied or fixed:
The dog broke its chain and got loose.
One of his teeth is loose.

2 not fitting closely:
a loose white shirt
 opposite tight

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

loose

I. loose1 S3 W3 /luːs/ BrE AmE adjective
[Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old Norse; Origin: lauss]
1. NOT FIRMLY ATTACHED not firmly fastened in place:
a loose floorboard
This tooth feels very loose.
The screw has come loose (=became loose).
► Do not confuse the adjective loose /luːs/ with the verb lose /luːz/ (=stop having something, become unable to find something etc): They thought they might lose their jobs.
2. NOT ATTACHED not attached to anything else:
loose papers
His rear wheel spun on the loose stones.
The potatoes are sold loose (=not packed in a container).
The driver had forgotten to fasten the safety chain and the trailer came loose (=became unattached).
3. NOT TIED TIGHTLY not tied or fastened very tightly:
a loose knot
4. HAIR if your hair is loose, it hangs freely rather than being tied back:
Her hair fell loose around her shoulders.
5. CLOTHES loose clothes are big and do not fit your body tightly SYN loose-fitting, baggy OPP tight:
a loose sweatshirt
6. FREE free from being controlled or held in a cage, prison, or institution
break/get loose (=escape)
A 34-year-old inmate broke loose from the sheriff’s office yesterday.
turn/let/set something loose (=let something go free)
Don’t let your dog loose on the beach.
7. NOT EXACT [usually before noun] not exact or thoroughly done:
a loose translation
a loose interpretation of the law
8. NOT VERY CONTROLLED not strictly controlled or organized
loose federation/alliance/group etc
a loose federation of political groups
loose arrangement (=an arrangement that can easily be changed)
9. NOT SOLID not pressed tightly together in a solid mass
loose soil/earth
10. SPORT not under the control of either team in a game of football, ↑rugby etc:
Sheringham was the first player to reach the loose ball.
11. cut loose
a) to free yourself from someone or something, or their influence
cut yourself loose (from something)
He cut himself loose from the constraints of family life.
b) American English informal to start enjoying yourself in a happy noisy way after a period of controlled behaviour:
I’m ready to cut loose and enjoy the weekend.
12. let (something ↔) loose to speak or behave in an uncontrolled way:
She let loose a string of four-letter words.
13. let somebody loose on something to allow someone to deal with something in the way they want to, when you think they will make mistakes or do something wrong:
Whatever you do, don’t let Derek loose on the garden.
14. be at a loose end (also be at loose ends American English) to have nothing to do:
I was at a loose end so I decided to go see an old movie.
15. loose ends parts of something that have not been completed or correctly done:
We’ve nearly finished, but there are still a few loose ends to be tied up (=dealt with or completed).
16. loose change coins that you have in your bag or pocket
17. loose cannon someone who cannot be trusted because they say or do things you do not want them to
18. hang/stay loose American English spoken used to tell someone to stay calm, or not to worry about something
19. BODY WASTE having a problem in which the waste from your ↑bowels has too much liquid in it:
loose bowels
20. IMMORAL old-fashioned behaving in a way that is considered to be sexually immoral:
a loose woman
loose morals
21. TALK old-fashioned not careful about what you say or who is listening:
There’s been a bit of loose talk about it.
—loosely adverb:
A towel was loosely wrapped around his neck.
The film is loosely based on the novel.
—looseness noun [uncountable]

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

loose

loose [loose looses loosed loosing] adjective, verb, noun   [luːs]    [luːs] 

 

adjective (loos·er, loos·est

NOT FIXED/TIED
1. not firmly fixed where it should be; able to become separated from sth
• a loose button/tooth

• Check that the plug has not come loose.

2. not tied together; not held in position by anything or contained in anything
• She usually wears her hair loose.

• The potatoes were sold loose, not in bags.

3. not usually before noun free to move around without control; not tied up or shut in somewhere
• The sheep had got out and were loose on the road.
• The horse had broken loose (= escaped) from its tether.

• During the night, somebody had cut the boat loose from its moorings.  

CLOTHES

4. not fitting closely
• a loose shirt

Opp:  tight  

 

NOT SOLID/HARD

5. not tightly packed together; not solid or hard
• loose soil

• a fabric with a loose weave  

NOT STRICT/EXACT

6. not strictly organized or controlled
• a loose alliance/coalition/federation

• a loose association of artists, writers and composers

7. not exact; not very careful
• a loose translation

• loose thinking  

IMMORAL

8. usually before noun (old-fashioned) having or involving an attitude to sexual relationships that people consider to be immoral

• a young man of loose morals  

BALL

9. (sport) not in any player's control

• He pounced on a loose ball.  

BODY WASTE

10. having too much liquid in it
• a baby with loose bowel movements
more at play fast and loose at  fast  adv., all hell broke loose at  hell, have a screw loose at  screw  n.  
Word Origin:
Middle English loos ‘free from bonds’, from Old Norse lauss, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German los.  
Example Bank:
• He felt he had to cut loose from his family.
• Her hair hung loose about her shoulders.
• I let my hair fall loose down my back.
• I'm going to let the dogs loose.
• One of the bricks feels slightly loose.
• Shall I wear my hair loose?
• The animals had broken loose from their pens.
• The committees work within fairly loose guidelines.
• The top of the tap has come loose.
• During the night, somebody had cut the boat loose from its moorings.
• The horse had broken loose from its tether.
• This book is an antidote for much of the loose thinking in the world of today.
• This is only a loose translation as I am not fluent in Japanese.
Idioms: cut loose from somebody  hang loose  have a loose tongue  let loose  let loose something  let somebody loose  on the loose

Derived Word: looseness 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

loose / luːs / adjective (NOT FIXED)

B2 not firmly fixed in place:

There were some loose wires hanging out of the wall.

The nails in the bridge had worked them selves loose.

The prisoners were so thin that their skin hung loose.

B2 describes hair that is not tied back:

Her hair was hanging loose about her shoulders.

describes things that are not fixed or held together or to anything else:

A few loose sheets of paper were lying around.
 

loose / luːs / adjective (NOT TIGHT)

B1 (of clothes) not fitting closely to the body:

Wear comfortable, loose clothing to your exercise class.
 

loose / luːs / adjective (NOT EXACT)

C2 not tightly controlled, or not exact:

It's a fairly loose adaptation of the novel.

It's only a loose translation of the poem.
 

loose / luːs / adjective old-fashioned disapproving (IMMORAL)

having low morals; sexually free:

a loose woman

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

loose

/lu:s/
(looser, loosest, looses, loosing, loosed)

Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.

1.
Something that is loose is not firmly held or fixed in place.
If a tooth feels very loose, your dentist may recommend that it’s taken out...
Two wooden beams had come loose from the ceiling...
She idly pulled at a loose thread on her skirt.
ADJ
loose‧ly
Tim clasped his hands together and held them loosely in front of his belly.
ADV: ADV with v

2.
Something that is loose is not attached to anything, or held or contained in anything.
Frank emptied a handful of loose change on the table...
A page came loose and floated onto the tiles.
ADJ: usu ADJ n

3.
If people or animals break loose or are set loose, they are no longer held, tied, or kept somewhere and can move around freely.
She broke loose from his embrace and crossed to the window...
Why didn’t you tell me she’d been set loose?...
= free
ADJ: ADJ after v, ADJ n, v-link ADJ

4.
Clothes that are loose are rather large and do not fit closely.
Wear loose clothes as they’re more comfortable.
= baggy
tight
ADJ
loose‧ly
His shirt hung loosely over his thin shoulders.
ADV: ADV after v, ADV -ed

5.
If your hair is loose, it hangs freely round your shoulders and is not tied back.
She was still in her nightdress, with her hair hanging loose over her shoulders.
ADJ

6.
If something is loose in texture, there is space between the different particles or threads it consists of.
She gathered loose soil and let it filter slowly through her fingers.
ADJ

7.
A loose grouping, arrangement, or organization is flexible rather than strictly controlled or organized.
Murray and Alison came to some sort of loose arrangement before he went home...
He wants a loose coalition of leftwing forces.
ADJ: usu ADJ n
loose‧ly
The investigation had aimed at a loosely organised group of criminals.
ADV: ADV with v

8.
If a person or an animal is on the loose, they are free because they have escaped from a person or place.
Up to a thousand prisoners may be on the loose inside the jail...
PHRASE: v-link PHR

9.
a loose cannon: see cannon
all hell breaks loose: see hell

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1loose /ˈluːs/ adj loos·er; -est
1 : not tightly fastened, attached, or held
• a loose tooth
• a loose thread
• Some of the shingles on the roof were loose.
• The rope was tied in a loose knot.
• The nails had been pried loose.
• Some of the shingles had come/worked loose.
• The boat came loose from its moorings and floated out into the harbor.
• The ball popped loose from the shortstop's glove.
2 a : not pulled or stretched tight
• a loose belt
loose reins on a horse
loose skin
b of clothing : not fitting close to your body : not tight
• She was wearing a loose dress/skirt.
• a loose [=baggy] sweater
3 : not physically held or contained
• The dog was wandering loose in the streets.
• The lion had somehow gotten/broken loose [=free] from its cage.
- see also let loose 1 (below)
4 a : not held together in a solid or tight mass
loose dirt
loose rocks
loose sandy soil
b : not held together in a bundle, container, etc.
loose sheets of pages
Loose hairs stuck out from under his cap.
• She let her hair hang down loose.
• You can buy a bag of potatoes or some loose potatoes.
5 : not stiff or tense : flexible or relaxed
• He walked with a loose stride.
loose muscles
• I never relaxed that day; I just couldn't get loose.
• Runners should warm up for a few minutes to get loose.
• I tried to stay loose during the game, but I was too nervous.
- see also hang loose (below)
6 : not closely joined or united
• Ten advocacy groups from all parts of the country formed a loose alliance/association/coalition to present their shared interests to Congress.
7 a : not exact or precise
• a very loose translation
• a loose interpretation of the law
• This book is only a novel in the loose sense of the word. [=the word “novel” does not usually refer to a book like this; many people would not consider the book a novel]
b : not careful in speech : talking too freely
Loose [=careless] talk spread the rumor.
• She has a loose tongue. [=she talks too much about things that are private, secret, etc.]
8 sports : not controlled or held by any of the players in a game
• a loose ball/puck
9 old-fashioned : not respectable sexually : not decent or moral
• He was accused of loose conduct/behavior.
• a loose woman
loose morals
10 of solid waste from the body : containing a larger than normal amount of fluid
loose stools also; : producing loose stools
loose bowels
loose bowel movements
all hell breaks loose
- see hell
break loose
- see 1break
cut loose
1 cut (someone) loose : to stop supporting or employing (someone)
• He worked here for a few years but he didn't do a good job, so we finally had to cut him loose. : to end an official relationship or agreement with (someone)
• She's been cut loose from her contract. [=the company/organization with whom she had a contract to work has ended the contract]
2 chiefly US informal : to act in a free and relaxed way after behaving in a way that is controlled
• I enjoy cutting loose with friends on weekends.
hang loose chiefly US informal : to remain calm and relaxed
• Just hang loose for a minute. I'll be right back.
have a screw loose, have a loose screw
- see 1screw
let loose
1 let (someone or something) loose or set/turn (someone or something) loose : to allow (someone or something) to move or go freely
• He let/set the dogs loose in the courtyard.
• cattle let loose to graze on the green fields
- often used figuratively
• It's the end of the school year, when schools turn students loose on our towns.
• a director who's willing to let her actors loose to interpret their roles however they see fit
• how to stop the violence that has been let loose [=loosed] on the city
2 : to produce (something, such as a cry) in a sudden and forceful way
• The crowd let loose [=let out] an enormous groan when the pass was intercepted.
• She let loose (with) a scream.
play fast and loose

new

new [adjective] (RECENTLY CREATED)
US /nuː/ 
UK /njuː/ 
Example: 

a new pair of shoes

Oxford Essential Dictionary

new

 adjective (newer, newest)

1 not existing before:
Have you seen his new film?
I bought a new pair of shoes yesterday.

2 different from before:
Our new flat is much bigger than our old one.
The teacher usually explains the new words to us.

3 doing something for the first time:
New parents are often tired.
He's new to the job and still needs help.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

new

new S1 W1 /njuː $ nuː/ BrE AmE adjective
[Word Family: adjective: ↑new, ↑renewable, ↑renewed, ↑newsy; noun: ↑news, ↑renewal; verb: ↑renew; adverb: ↑newly]
[Language: Old English; Origin: niwe]
1. RECENTLY MADE recently made, built, invented, written, designed etc OPP old:
the city’s new hospital
the new issue of ‘Time’ magazine
new products on the market
The hardest part of this job is understanding the new technology.
a new range of drugs
2. RECENTLY BOUGHT recently bought:
Do you like my new dress?
They’ve just moved into their new home.
3. NOT THERE BEFORE having just developed:
new leaves on the trees
a young man with new ideas
a new generation of women writers
new hope/confidence/optimism etc (=hope etc that you have only just started to feel)
a medical breakthrough that offers new hope to cancer patients
4. NOT USED BEFORE not used or owned by anyone before OPP used, second hand:
New and second-hand books for sale.
I got a used video camera for £300 – it would have cost £1,000 if I’d bought it new.
Jake arrived in his brand new (=completely new) car.
a spanking new (=completely new) conference centre
5. like new/as good as new in excellent condition:
Your watch just needs cleaning and it’ll be as good as new.
6. UNFAMILIAR not experienced before:
Learning a new language is always a challenge.
Living in the city was a new experience for Philip.
new to
This idea was new to him.
that’s a new one on me spoken (=used to say that you have never heard something before)
‘The office is going to be closed for six weeks this summer.’ ‘Really? That’s a new one on me.’
7. RECENTLY ARRIVED having recently arrived in a place, joined an organization, or started a new job:
You’re new here, aren’t you?
new to/at
Don’t worry if you make mistakes. You’re still new to the job.
new member/employee/student etc
training for new employees
new kid on the block informal (=the newest person in a job, school etc)
It’s not always easy being the new kid on the block.
the new boy/girl British English (=the newest person in a job, organization etc – used humorously)
8. RECENTLY CHANGED recently replaced or different from the previous one OPP old:
Have you met Keith’s new girlfriend?
I’ll let you have my new phone number.
the new regime in Beijing
9. RECENTLY DISCOVERED recently discovered:
the discovery of a new planet
new oilfields in Alaska
important new evidence that may prove her innocence
10. MODERN modern:
the new breed of politicians
11. VEGETABLES [only before noun] new potatoes, ↑carrots etc are grown early in the season and eaten when young
12. new life/day/era a period that is just beginning, especially one that seems to offer better opportunities:
They went to Australia to start a new life there.
13. be/feel like a new man/woman to feel much healthier and have a lot more energy than before, or to have a different attitude:
I lost 19 pounds and felt like a new man.
14. new arrival
a) someone who has recently arrived or started work somewhere
b) a new baby:
The children are thrilled with the new arrival.
15. new blood new members of a group or organization who will bring new ideas and be full of energy:
What we need in this company is some new blood.
16. new broom someone who has just started work in a high position in an organization and who is expected to make a lot of changes:
The company seems set to make a fresh start under a new broom.
17. what’s new? spoken especially American English used as a friendly greeting to mean ‘how are you?’
18. the new new ideas, styles etc:
This charming hotel is a delightful blend of the old and the new.
19. something ... is the new ... British English used to say that something is thought to be the new fashion that will replace an existing thing:
Don’t you know that vodka is the new water, my dear?
20. new-made/new-formed/new-laid etc recently made, formed etc
a new lease of life at ↑lease1(2), ⇨ turn over a new leaf at ↑leaf1(3)
—newness noun [uncountable]
• • •
THESAURUS
new: a new sports centre | a new edition of the book | an entirely new theory of time and space
brand new completely new: a brand new car | The house looks brand new.
recent made, produced etc a short time ago: recent research into brain chemistry
the latest [only before noun] the most recent: Have you seen his latest film? | the latest fashions from Paris
modern different from earlier things of the same kind because of using new methods, equipment, or designs: modern technology | modern farming methods | a modern kitchen
original new and completely different from what other people have done or thought of before, especially in a way that seems interesting: The play is highly original. | His style is completely original.
fresh fresh ideas, evidence, or ways of doing things are new and different, and are used instead of previous ones: We need a fresh approach to the problem. | They want young people with fresh ideas. | Police think they may have found some fresh evidence that links him to the murder.
novel new and different in a surprising and unusual way – used especially about a suggestion, experience, or way of doing something: The club have come up with a novel way of raising cash. | The King was passionately in love, which was a novel experience for him.
innovative completely new and showing a lot of imagination – used especially about a design or way of doing something: an attractive website with an innovative design | They came up with an innovative approach to the problem.
revolutionary completely new in a way that has a very big effect – used especially about an idea, method, or invention: a revolutionary treatment for breast cancer | His theories were considered to be revolutionary at the time.
new-fangled [only before noun] used about something that is new and modern but which you disapprove of: My grandfather hated all this newfangled technology.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

new

new [new newer newest]   [njuː]    [nuː]  adjective (newer, new·est)

NOT EXISTING BEFORE
1. not existing before; recently made, invented, introduced, etc
• Have you read her new novel?
• new ways of doing things
• This idea isn't new.
• The latest model has over 100 new features.

see also brand-new, Opp:  old

2. the new noun uncountable something that is new

• It was a good mix of the old and the new.  

 

RECENTLY BOUGHT

3. recently bought

• Let me show you my new dress.  

 

NOT USED BEFORE

4. not used or owned by anyone before

• A second-hand car costs a fraction of a new one.  

 

DIFFERENT

5. different from the previous one
• I like your new hairstyle.
• When do you start your new job?
• He's made a lot of new friends.
• Do you have her new phone number?

Opp:  old  

 

NOT FAMILIAR

6. already existing but not seen, experienced, etc. before; not familiar
• This is a new experience for me.
• I'd like to learn a new language.
• the discovery of a new star

~ to sb Our system is probably new to you.  

 

RECENTLY ARRIVED

7. ~ (to sth) not yet familiar with sth because you have only just started, arrived, etc
• I should tell you, I'm completely new to this kind of work.
• I am new to the town.
• a new arrival/recruit

• You're new here, aren't you?  

 

NEW-

8. used in compounds to describe sth that has recently happened

• He was enjoying his new-found freedom.  

 

MODERN

9. (usually with the) modern; of the latest type
• the new morality

• They called themselves the New Romantics.  

 

JUST BEGINNING

10. usually before noun just beginning or beginning again
• a new day
• It was a new era in the history of our country.

• She went to Australia to start a new life.  

 

WITH FRESH ENERGY

11. having fresh energy, courage or health

• Since he changed jobs he's looked like a new man.  

 

RECENTLY PRODUCED

12. only recently produced or developed
• The new buds are appearing on the trees now.
• new potatoes (= ones dug from the soil early in the season)
see also  newly 
more at new/fresh blood at  blood, brave new world at  brave  adj., breathe (new) life into sth at  breathe, put a new/different complexion on sth at  complexion, (you can't) teach an old dog new tricks at  teach
Idioms: break new ground  good as new  like new  new broom  new kid on the block  new one on me  turn over a new leaf  what's new?  … is the new …
Derived Word: newness  
Word Origin:
Old English nīwe, nēowe, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch nieuw and German neu, from an Indo-European root shared by Sanskrit nava, Latin novus, and Greek neos ‘new’.  
Thesaurus:
new adj.
1.
• These ideas aren't new.
fresh • |often approving novel
Opp: old
a new/fresh/novel idea/approach/way
a new/novel concept/design/feature/form/method
completely/entirely/totally/relatively new/fresh/novel
2.
• Let me show you my new dress.
brand new • • untried
Opp: old
new/brand new/untried technology
a new/brand new product/computer/house
relatively new/untried
3.
• I was fairly new to teaching at that time.
unfamiliar with sth • • unused to sth • |formal unaccustomed to sth
new/unused/unaccustomed to sth 
Example Bank:
• It was all very new and strange to me.
• She's still quite new to the job and needs a lot of help.
• The car still looks new.
• There is nothing new in teenagers wanting to change the world.
• These ideas are not entirely new.
• a scratch on my brand new car
• genuinely new approaches to data recording
• very proud of their spanking new kitchen
• A second-hand car costs a lot less than a new one.
• Have you read her new book?
• He couldn't stand the new breed of career politicians.
• He was new to the job and had not known how to deal with the situation.
• I was fairly new to teaching at the time.
• It's too much to ask of someone who is so new to the profession.
• Jamila likes to try the new fashions coming in from Pakistan.
• New arrivals should have their passports ready for inspection.
• New students will be given a tour of the college facilities.
• The school secretary wants to introduce new ways of doing things in the office.
• This idea isn't new.
• We offer intensive training to all new recruits.

• You're new in this town, aren't you?

 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

new / njuː /   / nuː / adjective (RECENTLY CREATED)

A1 recently created or having started to exist recently:

a new car

She's very creative and always coming up with new ideas.

What have they decided to call their new baby?

What's new in the fashion world?

We have to invest in new technology if we are to remain competitive.

→  See also brand new

 

newness / ˈnjuː.nəs /   / ˈnuː- / noun [ U ]
 

new / njuː /   / nuː / adjective [ before noun ] (DIFFERENT)

A1 different to one that existed earlier:

Have you met the new secretary?

She's looking for a new job.

Have you seen Ann's new house (= where she has just started living) ?

They've just launched a new generation of computers that are much more powerful than earlier models.

 

newness / ˈnjuː.nəs /   / ˈnuː- / noun [ U ]
 

new / njuː /   / nuː / adjective [ after verb ] (NOT FAMILIAR)

B1 not yet familiar or experienced:

to be new to the area

She's new to the job so you can't expect her to know everything yet.

 

newness / ˈnjuː.nəs /   / ˈnuː- / noun [ U ]
 

new / njuː /   / nuː / adjective (NOT USED)

not previously used or owned:

Used car sales have risen because of the increased cost of new cars.

Did you buy your bike new or second-hand?

→  See also brand new

 

newness / ˈnjuː.nəs /   / ˈnuː- / noun [ U ]
 

new / njuː /   / nuː / adjective (RECENTLY DISCOVERED)

A1 recently discovered or made known:

This new cancer treatment offers hope to many sufferers.

A retrial can only take place when new evidence has emerged.

newness / ˈnjuː.nəs /   / ˈnuː- / noun [ U ]

© Cambridge University Press 2013

 

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

new

/nju:, AM nu:/
(newer, newest)

Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.

1.
Something that is new has been recently created, built, or invented or is in the process of being created, built, or invented.
They’ve just opened a new hotel in the Stoke area...
The new invention ensures the beer keeps a full, frothy head.
...the introduction of new drugs to suppress the immune system...
Their epic fight is the subject of a new film...
These ideas are nothing new in America.
ADJ
new‧ness
The board acknowledges problems which arise from the newness of the approach.
N-UNCOUNT

2.
Something that is new has not been used or owned by anyone.
That afternoon she went out and bought a new dress...
There are many boats, new and used, for sale...
They cost nine pounds new, three pounds secondhand.
ADJ

3.
You use new to describe something which has replaced another thing, for example because you no longer have the old one, or it no longer exists, or it is no longer useful.
Under the new rules, some factories will cut emissions by as much as 90 percent...
I had been in my new job only a few days...
I had to find somewhere new to live...
Rachel has a new boyfriend...
They told me I needed a new battery.
ADJ

4.
New is used to describe something that has only recently been discovered or noticed.
The new planet is about ten times the size of the earth.
ADJ: usu ADJ n

5.
A new day or year is the beginning of the next day or year.
The start of a new year is a good time to reflect on the many achievements of the past...
ADJ: ADJ n

6.
New is used to describe someone or something that has recently acquired a particular status or position.
...the usual exhaustion of a new mother...
The Association gives a free handbook to all new members.
ADJ: ADJ n

7.
If you are new to a situation or place, or if the situation or place is new to you, you have not previously seen it or had any experience of it.
She wasn’t new to the company...
His name was new to me then and it stayed in my mind...
I’m new here and all I did was follow orders.
ADJ: v-link ADJ, oft ADJ to n

8.
New potatoes, carrots, or peas are produced early in the season for such vegetables and are usually small with a sweet flavour.
ADJ: ADJ n

9.
as good as new: see good
to turn over a new leaf: see leaf
a new lease of life: see lease
pastures new: see pasture
see also brand-new

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1new /ˈnuː, Brit ˈnjuː/ adj new·er; -est
1 a : not old : recently born, built, or created
• They visited the new library.
• She was looking for the new [=most recent] issue of the magazine.
• I saw their new baby for the first time.
• They planted new trees on the campus.
• a new kind of music
b : not used by anyone else previously
• She couldn't afford a new car, so she bought a used one.
• He bought the car new.
• shiny new shoes
• This watch is new.
- see also brand-new
2 a : recently bought, rented, etc.
• She is eager to see his new apartment/house/dog.
b : having recently become someone's relative, friend, employee, etc.
• This is my new stepsister.
• the young man and his new wife
• Come meet our newest [=most recently hired] employee.
• I made a new friend today.
c : recently added to an existing group, organization, etc.
• There was a new kid in school today.
• The union voted in 10 new members.
• The company created a new department to run its Web site.
- often + to
• She is new to this school.
• Don't worry about it. You are still new to the job.
3 : replacing someone or something that came before
• The team has a new coach.
• Have you met his new girlfriend?
• He starts his new job on Monday.
• I like your new haircut.
• The tree is growing new leaves.
• Waiter, could I please have a new fork? This one is dirty.
4 : recently discovered or learned about : not known or experienced before
• Scientists discovered a new comet.
• a new species of fish
• The promotion gave her a new sense of optimism.
• This drug gives new hope to patients.
• This is a new experience for me.
- often + to
• This kind of work is still new to me. [=I have been doing this kind of work for only a short time]
5
- used to describe a time, period, etc., that is beginning again and that is different from what came before
• A new day has begun.
• We are looking forward to the new year.
• A new semester starts in the fall.
• After college, he moved to the city to begin a new life. [=a time in a person's life that is different in some important way from what came before]
6 : healthier or more energetic
• I felt like a new man/woman after my vacation.
(as) good as new or like new : in very good condition : like something that has recently been made
• He painted the bicycle, and now it's as good as new.
• Once the jewelry has been cleaned, it'll be like new.
new arrival
- see arrival
new kid on the block
- see 1kid
pastures new
- see 1pasture
the new : new things
• The band played a good mix of the old and the new.
turn over a new leaf
- see 1leaf
what else is new?
- see 2else
what's new? US informal
- used as a friendly greeting
• Hey man, what's new?
- new·ness noun [noncount]
• The couple admired the shiny newness of their remodeled kitchen.

extra

US /ˈek.strə/ 
UK /ˈek.strə/ 

more of something, in addition to the usual or standard amount or number

Persian equivalent: 
Example: 

Drivers are advised to take extra care.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

extra

 adjective, adverb
more than what is usual:
I've put an extra blanket on your bed because it's cold tonight.
The room costs £30 and you have to pay extra for breakfast.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

extra

I. extra1 S1 W2 /ˈekstrə/ BrE AmE adjective
[Date: 1600-1700; Origin: Probably from extraordinary]
1. [only before noun] more of something, in addition to the usual or standard amount or number:
Could you get an extra loaf of bread?
Allow extra time for your journey.
Drivers are advised to take extra care.
Residents can use the gym at no extra cost.
an extra ten minutes/three metres etc
I asked for an extra two weeks to finish the work.
2. [not before noun] if something is extra, it is not included in the price of something and you have to pay more for it OPP included:
Dinner costs $15 but wine is extra.
• • •
THESAURUS
extra in addition to the usual or standard cost, time, amount etc: They let the kids stay up an extra hour. | Some stores charge extra for delivery. | Postage is extra.
additional [only before noun] more than the basic amount or the amount that you expected or agreed. Additional is more formal than extra: An evening job would provide additional income. | There may be an additonal charge for paying bills by credit card.
added [only before noun ] extra – used when talking about something that makes something better or more effective: an added benefit | an added precaution | It was a beautiful place, and the good weather was an added bonus. | Use a sunscreen for added protection.
spare [only before noun] kept in addition to the one you usually use, so that it is available if the one you usually use breaks, gets lost etc: a spare key | a spare tyre | a spare set of clothes

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

extra

extra [extra extras] adjective, noun, adverb   [ˈekstrə]    [ˈekstrə] 

 

adjective

 

more than is usual, expected, or than exists already

Syn:  additional

• Breakfast is provided at no extra charge.

• The conference is going to be a lot of extra work.

• an extra pint of milk

• The government has promised an extra £1 billion for health care.

• Take extra care on the roads this evening.

• The play is to run for an extra week!

• extra help for single parents

see also  extra time 

 

Word Origin:

mid 17th cent. (as an adjective): probably a shortening of extraordinary, suggested by similar forms in French and German.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

extra / ˈek.strə / adjective

A2 added to what is normal:

If you need any extra help, just call me.

Recently he's been working an extra two hours a day.

The price includes travel and accommodation but meals are extra (= there is an additional charge for meals) .

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

extra

/ekstrə/
(extras)

Frequency: The word is one of the 1500 most common words in English.

1.
You use extra to describe an amount, person, or thing that is added to others of the same kind, or that can be added to others of the same kind.
Police warned motorists to allow extra time to get to work...
Extra staff have been taken on to cover busy periods...
There’s an extra blanket in the bottom drawer of the cupboard.
= additional
ADJ: ADJ n

2.
If something is extra, you have to pay more money for it in addition to what you are already paying for something.
The price of your meal is extra.
ADJ: v-link ADJ

Extra is also a pronoun.
Many of the additional features now cost extra...
PRON

Extra is also an adverb.
You may be charged 10% extra for this service.
ADV

3.
Extras are additional amounts of money that are added to the price that you have to pay for something.
There are no hidden extras.
N-COUNT: usu pl

4.
Extras are things which are not necessary in a situation, activity, or object, but which make it more comfortable, useful, or enjoyable.
Optional extras include cooking tuition at a top restaurant...
N-COUNT: usu pl

5.
The extras in a film are the people who play unimportant parts, for example as members of a crowd.
N-COUNT

6.
You can use extra in front of adjectives and adverbs to emphasize the quality that they are describing. (INFORMAL)
I’d have to be extra careful...
What makes a magnificent garden extra special?...
= especially
ADV: ADV adj/adv [emphasis]

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

extra-

 

extra- prefix : outside or beyond
• an extramarital affair
- opposite intra-

large

large [adjective]
US /lɑːrdʒ/ 
UK /lɑːdʒ/ 
Example: 

The house had a large garden.

bigger than usual in size

Persian equivalent: 
Example: 

The house had a large garden.

Oxford Essential Dictionary

large

 adjective (larger, largest)
big:
They live in a large house.
She has a large family.
Have you got this shirt in a large size?
 opposite small

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

large

I. large1 S1 W1 /lɑːdʒ $ lɑːrdʒ/ BrE AmE adjective (comparative larger, superlative largest)
[Word Family: noun: ↑enlargement, ↑enlarger; adjective: ↑large, ↑largish; verb: ↑enlarge; adverb: ↑largely]
[Date: 1100-1200; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin largus]
1. big in size, amount, or number OPP small:
Los Angeles is the second largest city in the US.
The T-shirt comes in Small, Medium and Large.
a large ovenproof pan
large sums of money
those who drink large amounts of coffee
A large number of students have signed up for the course.
2. a large person is tall and often fat OPP small
3. be at large if a dangerous person or animal is at large, they have escaped from somewhere or have not been caught:
The escaped prisoners are still at large.
4. the population/public/society/world etc at large people in general:
The chemical pollution poses a threat to the population at large.
5. the larger issues/question/problem/picture more general facts, situations, or questions related to something:
The book helps to explain the larger picture in the Middle East.
6. in large part/measure formal mostly:
Their success was due in large part to their ability to speak Spanish.
7. (as) large as life British English spoken used when someone has appeared or is present in a place where you did not expect to see them:
I turned a corner and there was Joe, as large as life.
8. larger than life someone who is larger than life is very amusing or exciting in an attractive way
9. by and large used when talking generally about someone or something:
Charities, by and large, do not pay tax.

Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

large

large [large larger largest] adjective, verb   [lɑːdʒ]    [lɑːrdʒ] 

adjective (larger, larg·est)
1. big in size or quantity
• a large area/family/house/car/appetite
• a large number of people
• very large sums of money
• He's a very large child for his age.
• A large proportion of old people live alone.
• Women usually do the larger share of the housework.
• Brazil is the world's largest producer of coffee.

• Who's the rather large (= fat) lady in the hat?

2. (abbr. L) used to describe one size in a range of sizes of clothes, food, products used in the house, etc.

• small, medium, large

3. wide in range and involving many things
• a large and complex issue
• Some drugs are being used on a much larger scale than previously.
• If we look at the larger picture of the situation, the differences seem slight.
more at loom large at  loom  v., writ large at  writ  v.  
Word Origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘liberal in giving, lavish, ample in quantity’): via Old French from Latin larga, feminine of largus ‘copious’.  
Thesaurus:
large adj.
• A thousand pounds seemed like a large sum of money.
big • • great • • spacious • • extensive • • huge • • massive • • vast • • enormous • • substantial • • considerable • • sizeable • • hefty
Opp: small, Opp: little
a/an large/big/great/extensive/spacious/huge/massive/vast/enormous/substantial/considerable/sizeable area
a/an large/big/spacious/huge/massive/vast/enormous building
a/an large/big/great/extensive/substantial/considerable/sizeable/handsome amount
a/an large/big/great/huge/massive/vast/enormous/substantial/considerable/sizeable/hefty increase
Large, big or great? Compare
• (a) large numbers/part/volume/population
• a big man/house/car/boy/dog/smile
• great interest/importance/difficulty/pleasure
Large is slightly more formal than big and is used more in writing. It is not usually used to describe people, except to avoid saying ‘fat’. Great often suggests quality and not just size; it does not usually describe the physical size of objects or people.  
Language Bank:
generally
Ways of saying ‘in general’
Women generally earn less than men.
Generally speaking , jobs traditionally done by women are paid at a lower rate than those traditionally done by men.
In general / By and large , women do not earn as much as men.
Certain jobs, like nursing and cleaning, are still mainly carried out by women.
Senior management posts are predominantly held by men.
Most senior management posts tend to be held by men.
Women are, for the most part , still paid less than men.
Economic and social factors are, to a large extent , responsible for women being concentrated in low-paid jobs.
Language Banks at conclusion, except, similarly  
Synonyms:
big / large / great

Large is more formal than big and should be used in writing unless it is in an informal style. It is not usually used to describe people, except to avoid saying ‘fat’.
Great often suggests quality and not just size. Note also the phrases: a large amount of ◊ a large number of ◊ a large quantity of ◊ a great deal of ◊ in great detail ◊ a person of great age. 
Example Bank:
• By this time his debt had become extremely large.
• His eyes were abnormally large.
• Isn't that jumper rather large?
• Our house was not overly large.
• Some of the clothes looked very large.
• The issue looms large in political campaigns nationwide.
• The plant had grown quite large.
• The universe is infinitely large.
• a huge chair behind an equally large desk
• the increasingly large numbers of senior citizens
• Brazil is the world's largest producer of coffee.
• I grew up in a large family.
• It's better value if you buy a large box.
• There were some very large sums of money involved.
• Who is the rather large lady in the hat?
• Would you like small, medium or large?
Idioms: at large  by and large  give it large  in large measure  in large part  large as life  large it  large it up  larger than life

Derived Word: largeness 

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary - 4th Edition
 

large / lɑːdʒ /   / lɑːrdʒ / adjective

A2 big in size or amount:

a large house

the world's largest computer manufacturer

We need a larger car.

We didn't expect such a large number of people to attend the concert.

We've made good progress, but there's still a large amount of work to be done.

There was a larger-than-expected fall in unemployment last month.

Researchers have just completed the largest-ever survey of criminal behaviour in the UK.

The population faces starvation this winter without large-scale emergency food aid.

© Cambridge University Press 2013

Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary

large

/lɑ:(r)dʒ/
(larger, largest)

Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.

1.
A large thing or person is greater in size than usual or average.
The Pike lives mainly in large rivers and lakes...
In the largest room about a dozen children and seven adults are sitting on the carpet...
He was a large man with thick dark hair.
= big
small
ADJ

2.
A large amount or number of people or things is more than the average amount or number.
The gang finally fled with a large amount of cash and jewellery...
There are a large number of centres where you can take full-time courses...
The figures involved are truly very large.
small
ADJ

3.
A large organization or business does a lot of work or commercial activity and employs a lot of people.
...a large company in Chicago...
Many large organizations run courses for their employees.
= big
small
ADJ

4.
Large is used to indicate that a problem or issue which is being discussed is very important or serious.
...the already large problem of under-age drinking...
There’s a very large question about the viability of the newspaper.
= serious
ADJ: usu ADJ n

5.
You use at large to indicate that you are talking in a general way about most of the people mentioned.
I think the chances of getting reforms accepted by the community at large remain extremely remote...
= in general
PHRASE: n PHR

6.
If you say that a dangerous person, thing, or animal is at large, you mean that they have not been captured or made safe.
The man who tried to have her killed is still at large.
= free
PHRASE: v-link PHR

7.
You use by and large to indicate that a statement is mostly but not completely true.
By and large, the papers greet the government’s new policy document with a certain amount of scepticism.
= on the whole
PHRASE: PHR with cl

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary: 

1large /ˈlɑɚʤ/ adj larg·er; -est
1 : great in size or amount : big
• a large room
• a large corporation
• a large glass of water
• It's the largest city in the state.
• It's the third largest city in the state. [=there are two other cities that are larger]
• These T-shirts are available in three sizes: small, medium, and large.
• Which city has the largest population?
• Her policies are supported by a large part/portion/percentage of the population.
• A large number of workers have filed complaints.
• She used to be thin, but she's gotten a bit large [=(less politely) fat] in recent years.
• He's a very large man. [=(usually) a tall and heavy man]
• He has a very large appetite.
2 : not limited in importance, range, etc.
• She's planning to play a larger [=more active] role in the negotiations.
• We need to take a/the large view of this issue. [=we need to look at this issue in a broad or general way]
(as) large as life
- see 1life
at large
1 : not having been captured
• The criminal is still at large. [=free]
2 : as a group : as a whole
• His statements do not reflect the beliefs of the public at large. [=the beliefs of most people]
• society at large
3 US : not having a specific subject
• a critic at large [=a critic who writes about many different things]
4 US politics : representing a whole state or area rather than one of its parts - used in combination with a preceding noun
• a city councilor-at-large
bulk large
- see 3bulk
by and large
- see 2by
in large part or in large measure : not entirely but mostly : largely
• The success of the play was in large part due to the director.
• The economy is based in large measure [=for the most part] on farming.
larger than life
1 : bigger than the size of an actual person or thing
• The statue is larger than life.
• a larger-than-life image
2 of a person : having an unusually exciting, impressive, or appealing quality
• My grandmother was a remarkable woman who always seemed larger than life to me.
• a larger-than-life hero
live large
- see 1live
loom large
- see 1loom
to a large extent
- see extent
writ large
- see 2writ
- large·ness noun [noncount]
• the largeness of the dog
• the largeness of the population

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